Download - Plants Exam Review
PLANTSEXAM REVIEW
Plants are living things because they are born, eat, grow, interact, reproduce and die.
Plants are different from animals because:• Plants do their own food and animals eat other living
things.• Plants can’t move and animals can.• Plant are born from seeds or spores and animals are
born from eggs or from their mother’s womb.
PARTS OF THE PLANT
ROOTS
Hold the plant in the ground.
Absorb water and minerals for the plant.
Plants can have:Main and secondary roots -> there are roots
which are bigger than other ones.All the roots the same size.Edible roots -> roots that we can eat, like
carrots.
STEM
LIGNEOUS: Hard and thick. Like in trees and
bushes.
HERBACEOUS: Flexible and thin. Like in grasses and
some flowers.
BULBS: Grow under the soil. Like onions.
• Holds the branches and leaves of the plant.
• Transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
They are the part of the plant that does
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
There are two kinds of trees according to their leaves: DECIDUOUS: they lose
all their leaves in autumn.
EVERGREEN: they change their leaves little by little.
PARTS OF THE LEAF
LEAVES
Edge Petiole
Blade
Apex
Vein
KINDS OF PLANTS BY THEIR STEM
TREES
The highest part is the crown.
It is where the leaves, flowers and fruits grow.
The roots are deep, strong and
big.The bigger the
tree is, the bigger the roots
are.
The branches grow from
different places of the trunk.
They have a ligneous stem. It
is thick and strong.
They are the plants that live the longest.
BUSHESThey are smaller than trees.
They a have ligneous branches.
Hard and thick. All the branches grow from the same
spot.
GRASSES
They have a herbaceous
stem.
They don’t live for a long time.
They are small and have small
roots.
KINDS OF PLANTS BY THEIR USE
ORNAMENTAL
People use them to decorate houses, gardens, parks…
NUTRITIOUS
Food for living things.We can eat different parts from different plants: seeds,
fruit, leaves, roots, stem…
WHEAT ASPARAGUS PEAR
AROMATIC
People use them to give good smell and taste to foods.
ROSEMARY MINT
OTHER HERBS
They are harmful to other plants and they have to be removed from the soil.
They are harmful because they absorb the water and nutrients of the plants we use.
PLANTS FEEDING
PHOTOSYNTHESISThe plants do their food following these steps:
1st The roots absorb water and minerals (xylem sap).
2nd Xylem sap goes to the leaves.
3rd The leaves get carbon dioxide(CO2) and sunlight.
4th With the sunlight and the CO2 the xylem sap transforms into phloem sap (food prepared for the plant to eat).
5th The phloem sap moves around the plant to feed it.
RESPIRATION
During day time the plant absorbs carbon dioxide and expels
oxygen. This happens during photosynthesis.
During night time the plant absorbs oxygen
and expels carbon dioxide. This process is
called respiration.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
RESPIRATION
PLANTS REPRODUCTION
Flowers have the plants’ reproductive
organs.
• Calyx: group of small green leaves called sepals.
• Corolla: group of petals. It is around the reproductive organs.
• Stamens: male reproductive organs. They make pollen.
• Pistil: female reproductive organ. It has ovules inside.
Corolla
Calyx
Petal
Pistil
Stamen
Sepal
Ovules
FRUIT AND REPRODUCTION
When the pollen gets into the pistil the flower starts to change:
• The petals fall down and it transforms into a fruit.• The seeds are inside the fruit. Each seed can
produce a new plant.
Fruits can be 2 types:• Fleshy fruits: with a lot of water inside. They usually
have a lot of seeds.
• Nuts: with a hard shell and very little water.