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Political Geography
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States?
• State-an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs.
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Sovereignty
• A state has sovereignty, meaning it has independence from control of its internal affairs by other states.
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What happened to countries?
• Country-is a synonym for the term state.
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Shapes of States?
• 5 Basic shapes– 1) Compact– 2) Prorupted– 3) Elongated– 4) Fragmented– 5) Perforated
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Compact States-Efficient• The distance from the center to
any boundary does not vary significantly.
• Ideally shaped like a circle and capital in the center.
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Prorupted State-Access or Disruption?
• A compact state with a large projecting extension.
– 1) provide access to a resource (water)
– 2) can separate two states that would otherwise share a boundary
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Elongated States-Potential Isolation
• States with a long and narrow shape.
• Suffer from poor communication
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Fragmented States-Problematic• Includes several
discontinuous pieces of territory.
Two types:
1) areas separated by water (any state w/offshore islands)
2) those separated by an intervening state
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Perforated States
• A state that completely surrounds another state.
• South Africa-surrounds Lesotho
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Landlocked States• Lacks a direct outlet to the
sea because it is completely surrounded by other countries.
• Problems?-how to trade/transport goods?– -must rely on neighboring
countries
• Examples-Botswana, Zambia
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Physical Boundaries• Mountain boundaries-
effective, if difficult to cross– Problems-where to put
boundary line?
• Desert boundaries- hard to cross-sparsely inhabited (Africa & Asia)
• Water boundaries- rivers, lakes, and oceans• Most common
physical boundary
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Cultural Boundaries
• Geometric- imaginary lines drawn on maps– May follow
latitude/longitude lines
• Religious- Ireland (Catholic), Northern Ireland (Protestant)
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World Conflicts• Students use internet to find examples of contemporary
world conflicts.1-Find a conflict you would like to report on and tell teacher
before starting research.2-Identify the following about the conflict.
A-causesB-states involvedC-nations of people involvedD-length of dispute (time)E-involvement of other states or organizations
3-Students will then plot and label the locations of the conflicts on a wall map.
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American Attitude towards genocide?
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Sudan Genocide
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Political Attitude?