Download - POSTWAR EUROPEAN LEADERS
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POSTWAR EUROPEAN LEADERS
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KONRAD ADENAUER – WEST GERMANY
“THE OLD MAN” Not a Nazi, a
Christian Democrat Presided as
Chancellor over West German “Economic Miracle”
Voted by nation as one of Germany’s greatest leaders.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYcnP-lZvRM
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WALTER ULBRICHT – EAST GERMANY
German Democratic Republic
Unrest in 1953 Constant migration
across border into West Germany
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WILLY BRANDT Social Democrat Escaped to Norway
in 1930s, came back to Germany in 1946
Mayor of West Berlin
Chancellor of West Germany, 1969-1974
Ostpolitik – wins Nobel Peace Prize in 1970
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At the Berlin Wall (with Robert Kennedy), and in Warsaw memorial
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CHARLES DE GAULLE
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ENDS ALGERIAN WAR, 1962
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MANY EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ADOPT “THE WELFARE STATE”
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MARGARET THATCHER-Conservative
Curbs British welfare state in 1980s
Challenges unions’ power
Takes a hard stand in Northern Ireland
Falklands War, 1982
Encourages Bush against Iraq, 1990
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NORTHERN IRELAND – Catholic civil rights protests attacked
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BLOODY SUNDAY, 1972 – British paratroopers shoot down 14 at a civil rights march
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IRA GAINS FROM VIOLENCE – civil war kills thousands until 1999
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BOMBINGS, ASSASSINATIONS
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EUROPEAN COOPERATION 1947 – CEEC – Council for European
Economic Cooperation for countries that took Marshall Plan aid.
1950- Jean Monnet and Robert Schumann help create European Coal and Steel Community – Six countries – France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg
Later called Common Market or European Community - 1957
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More Cooperation More countries join between 1973 and 1986 –
Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Greece, Portugal, Spain 1993 Maastricht Treaty – European Union (EU).
European parliament and common currency instituted. Free travel without passports allowed throughout EU.
Former Communist countries of eastern Europe join in recent years. Currently 27 members
http://europa.eu/abc/history/animated_map/index_en.htm
http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm