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Driving Green with Biodiesel
Jenna HigginsDirector of
CommunicationsNational Biodiesel Board
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What is Biodiesel? Alternative fuel for
any diesel engineFrom renewable
resources such as soybeans
Made in the USAAvailable in 50
states
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Rudolph Diesel designed diesel engine in 1894 to run on peanut oil
“The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But such oils may become in the course of time as important as petroleum and the coal tar products of the present time.”
–1912
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By DefinitionGeneral Definition: Biodiesel is a domestic,
renewable fuel for diesel engines derived from natural oils such as soybean oil, and which meets the specifications of ASTM D 6751.
Not the same thing as raw vegetable oil
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Production
(Catalyst)
100 pounds + 10 pounds = 100 pounds + 10 poundstriglyceride Methanol Biodiesel Glycerine
(Vegetable oil or animal fat)
B100 = BiodieselSpecified by ASTM D 6751
B20 = 20 % B100 blended with 80% petrodiesel
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Biodiesel BlendsBiodiesel Blends0 50 100
B2
B5
B10
B20
B100
Biodiesel Petroleum diesel
B100B100 = 100% biodieselB20B20 = 20% biodiesel + 80% petroleum dieselB10B10 = 10% biodiesel + 90% petroleum dieselB5B5 = 5% biodiesel + 95% petroleum dieselB2B2 = 2% biodiesel + 98% petroleum diesel
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Performance
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How does biodiesel perform? Similar to petroleum diesel Highest BTU content of any alternative fuel High cetane
Minimum cetane of 47, which is higher than most #2 diesel
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Does biodiesel perform in cold weather?
Yes!During winter,
petro distributors treat B20 for climate needs
Regular diesel also needs to be treated
Usually involves blending with a heartier winter diesel
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Will biodiesel void my warranty?
The use of B20 and below will not void the warranty of any major US engine manufacturer
Position statements can be found at www.biodiesel.org
CaterpillarCumminsDetroit DieselInternationalJohn DeereCase New HollandVolkswagen
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Dodge Ram Pickup
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Emissions
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Biodiesel Lowers EmissionsBiodiesel Lowers Emissions Decreases EPA-targeted
emissions
Virtually free of sulfur & aromatics
Soy B100 reduces lifecycle CO2 by 78%
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Emissions
Emission Type B100 B20 B2Total Unburned Hydrocarbons
-67% -20% -2.2%
Carbon Monoxide -48% -12% -1.3%Particulate Matter -47% -12% -1.3%Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) +10% +2% +.2%
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Environment
Biodegrades as fast as sugar
B20: helps diesel portion degrade twice as fast
Nontoxic
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Energy Balance Highest energy
balance of any fuelFor every unit of fossil energy needed to make biodiesel, 3.2 units of energy are gained
• USDA/DOE study This takes into account
the planting, harvesting, fuel production, transport...
• Institute for Local Self Reliance
• International Energy Agency
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Energy Balance It’s so high
because:Plants get free energy from the sunSoybeans are a low input cropSoybean oil is a surplus product
• No soybeans are grown for biodiesel
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Biodiesel…a Transitional Fuel
Biodiesel is not a perfect fuel, but:
It works with existing vehicles, TODAYCan transition us to zero-emission fuel
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Diesel VehiclesJ.D. Power estimates diesel vehicles
will make up 7.5% of passenger cars by 2012 (up from 3% in 2004)
Highly fuel efficientCleaner and quieter
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Diesel VehiclesDiesel is getting
cleanerNew EPA regulations:
• .07 grams of NOx per mile
• All emissions drastically reduced
• Ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel
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Health BenefitsBetter for human healthReduces the compounds
linked to cancer by 80 – 90%
Less irritating to eyes, nose, throat; asthma
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Users500 fleets, including:
–NASA–U.S. Military –L.L. Bean–New Belgium Brewery–Dozens of school districts–City of Denver
In Missouri:–MoDot–St. Louis Lambert Intl.
Airport –Lodge of Four Seasons/Lake Ozark–Ft. Leonard Wood–KC P&L–City of Columbia
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010,000,00020,000,00030,000,00040,000,00050,000,00060,000,00070,000,00080,000,000
1999 2001 2003 2005
Biodiesel Production (in gallons)
500,0002 Million
5 Million
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…Fueling the FamousNeil Young
Indigo Girls
Willie Nelson
Guster
Bonnie Raitt
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Bush Visits VA Biodiesel
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Clinton Global Initiative
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What Does it Cost?
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What Does it Cost?
In general, B20 sells for the same as diesel to 20 cents more per gallon
New tax incentive will make blends MORE cost competitive
There are variables that determine the cost differential, but the tax incentive will help close the gap.
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Where is it Available?
B20: Jefferson City Oil Conoco, Country Club Blvd. (across from mall)
B5: MFA Petro Card 24 College Ave.Columbia, MO 65202
Biodiesel.org
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Want to do more? Join the Biodiesel Alliance or Become a Biodiesel Backer!
www.biodiesel.org