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Predicting trends in fatal drug overdoses in Ireland: does day of the week matter?
Simone Walsh, Ena Lynn and Suzi Lyons
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NDRDI Background
• National Drug-Related Deaths Index (NDRDI) established in 2005
• Funded by Dept. of Health and Dept. of Justice and Equality
• European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)
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Overview
• 2,734 individuals died between 1998 and 2009 of a fatal drug overdose (poisoning) in Ireland
• Age and Gender• Significant Events (Christmas, St Patricks Day)• Substance involved and route of
administration• Who deceased was with and where they were
at the time of death
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All NDRDI Poisoning Deaths 1998 to 2009
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5
All NDRDI poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by day of the week, n=2734
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Day Of The Week
Num
ber
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6
All NDRDI poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, gender by day of the week, n=2734
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
MaleFemale
Day Of The Week
Per
cent
age
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7
All NDRDI poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=2734
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 35
Tuesday 35
Wednesday 36
Thursday 35
Friday 35
Saturday 34
Sunday 33
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All NDRDI poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=2734
8
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 35
Tuesday 35
Wednesday 36
Thursday 35
Friday 35
Saturday 34
Sunday 33
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All NDRDI poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=2734
9
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 35
Tuesday 35
Wednesday 36
Thursday 35
Friday 35
Saturday 34
Sunday 33
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All Cocaine Poisonings NDRDI 1998 to 2009
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All cocaine poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by day of the week, n=318
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Day Of The Week
Num
ber
11
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Cocaine Poisonings Excluding Opiates NDRDI, 1998 to 2009
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Cocaine poisonings excluding opiates 1998 to 2009,by day of the week n=146
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Day Of The Week
Nim
ber
13
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Cocaine poisonings excluding opiates 1998 to 2009, gender by day of the week n=146
14
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
Male Female
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
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Cocaine poisonings excluding opiates 1998 to 2009,who with by day of the week n=146
15
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
AloneWith Someone
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
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Heroin Poisonings NDRDI 1998 to 2009
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17
Heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by day of the week, NDRDI n=643
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Day Of The Week
Num
ber
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Non-injecting Heroin Poisoning Deaths NDRDI,1998 to 2009
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19
Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by day of the week, n=234
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Day Of The Week
Num
ber
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20
Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, gender by day of the week, n=234
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
MaleFemale
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
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21
Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=234
Day of The Week Median AgeMonday 31Tuesday 28
Wednesday 30Thursday 29
Friday 28Saturday 27Sunday 29
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Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=234
22
Day of The Week Median AgeMonday 31Tuesday 28
Wednesday 30Thursday 29
Friday 28Saturday 27Sunday 29
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Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, median age by day of the week, n=234
23
Day of The Week Median AgeMonday 31Tuesday 28
Wednesday 30Thursday 29
Friday 28Saturday 27Sunday 29
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24
Non-injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, who with at time of death, n=234
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
AloneWithsomeone
Day of the Week
Perc
enta
ge
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Injecting Heroin Poisoning Deaths NDRDI 1998 to 2009
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26
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by day of the week, n=405
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Day Of The Week
Num
ber
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27
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, by gender and day of the week, n=405
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
Male Female
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
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28
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009,median age by day of the week, n=405
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 31
Tuesday 32
Wednesday 33
Thursday 31
Friday 31
Saturday 27
Sunday 25
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29
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009,median age by day of the week, n=405
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 31
Tuesday 32
Wednesday 33
Thursday 31
Friday 31
Saturday 27
Sunday 25
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30
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009,median age by day of the week, n=405
Day of the Week Median AgeMonday 31
Tuesday 32
Wednesday 33
Thursday 31
Friday 31
Saturday 27
Sunday 25
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31
Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, who with at time of death, n=405
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
AloneWith Someone
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
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Injecting heroin poisoning deaths 1998 to 2009, who with at time of death, n=405
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
AloneWith Someone
Day Of The Week
Perc
enta
ge
32
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All NDRDI Deaths by Week of the Month NDRDI, 1998 to 2009
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34
All NDRDI deaths by week of the month,1998 to 2009, n = 2,734
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
FirstSecondThirdFourth
Grouped day of the week
Perc
enta
ge
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35
All female NDRDI poisoning deaths Tuesday and Wednesday n=220
First Second Third Fourth.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
TuesdayWednesday
Grouped day of the week
Perc
enta
ge
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All female NDRDI poisoning deaths Tuesday and Wednesday n=220
36
First Second Third Fourth.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
TuesdayWednesday
Grouped day of the week
Perc
enta
ge
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Findings
• Delivering harm reduction messages and treatment outcomes - day of the week does matter
• Subgroups within the drug using population are at risk different times of the week or month
• Opportunity to save a life