Download - Prehistory
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PrehistoryPrehistory6,000,000,000 b.c.e.
to10,000 b.c.e.
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Who studies prehistory?Who studies prehistory?
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ArchaeologistsArchaeologists “DIG” up the past Discover artifacts (man-
made objects) and human remains
Use curiosity and bias to try and determine what exactly was found
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AnthropologistAnthropologist “STUDY” the past Describe artifacts and
remains archaeologists find at dig sites
Use inferences/hypotheses, bias and whatever technology available to try and figure out the past
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HistorianHistorian “TELLS” about the past Uses the information the
Archaeologist and Anthropologist gathered to tell about the past
Uses whatever technology and resources that are available to share the story of the past
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YouYou “LEARN” about the past Using everything that the
previous professionals have done for you; and being curious, look at the material and give an effort to make sense of the past
Use resources, ask questions and simply be curious about the past
You’re the “puzzle maker”, put it together!
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The “Real” Prehistory!The “Real” Prehistory!
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Where do we begin?
How long ago was it?
Was it creation or evolution?
What hominids or people lived during that time?
Where do we begin?
How long ago was it?
Was it creation or evolution?
What hominids or people lived during that time?
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Those are all good questions, but let’s get to the real stuff uncovered
and discussed by archaeologists,
anthropologists and historians…
shall we…
have fun and be curious…
Those are all good questions, but let’s get to the real stuff uncovered
and discussed by archaeologists,
anthropologists and historians…
shall we…
have fun and be curious…
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What is prehistory?
Prehistory is the time period before written records were kept by people.
What is prehistory?
Prehistory is the time period before written records were kept by people.
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Debate Topic:Creation vs. Evolution
What do you think?
Debate Topic:Creation vs. Evolution
What do you think? Creation
Belief that a higher power created the worldTime is relative with everything beginning at the same timeBeliefs, animals, people and civilization have common origins
EvolutionBelief that the world was created over billions of yearsTime is constant with everything happening as a result of earlier thingsBeliefs, animals, people and civilizations have developed over time, but have similar origins
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AustralopithecinesAustralopithecines What? “Southern Ape” When? 4 million - 2.5 million Where? East Africa Characteristics? Small, timid,
“ape-like”, gatherer/scavenger/hunter, “opportunist”, nomadic, tool user, migration
Contributions? “walker”, “thinker”
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Homo HabilisHomo Habilis• What? “Human with ability”• When? 2.5 million – 1.5 million• Where? Africa, Asia• Characteristics? “ape/man-
like”, oldest hominid tool maker, stone tools, advanced thinking, limited speech, gatherer/hunter
• Contributions? “walking ability”
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Homo ErectusHomo Erectus What? “Walking Ability” When? 1.6 million – 250,000 b.c. Where? Africa, Europe and Asia Characteristics? Adapted to
environment, gatherer/scavenger/hunter, improved tool maker, fire, clothing
Contributions? “Sophisticated thinking”
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NeanderthalsNeanderthals What? Hominid, “Missing Link” When? 200,000 b.c. – 50,000 b.c. Where? Europe, Asia Characteristics? Stocky, muscular,
adapted to environment, hunter/gatherer, fire, superstitions, sophisticated ideas – language, beliefs, tools, ideas, sensitivity, creativity
Contributions? “Cultural Beliefs”
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Cro-MagnonCro-Magnon What? “Modern Man” When? 50,000 b.c. – present day Where? All continents, except
Antarctica Characteristics? “US”, earliest
modern-looking people, created the basis for modern civilization
Contributions? Our world and civilization
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Eras of PrehistoryEras of PrehistoryConcepts to know –
Paleolithic – Old Stone Age 4.5 million y.a. - 12,000 y.a.
Mesolithic – Middle Stone Age12,000 y.a. – 10,000 y.a.
Neolithic – New Stone Age10,000 y.a. – 8,000 y.a.
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Paleolithic EraPaleolithic Era
Paleolithic means “Old Stone Age” About 4,500,000 years ago to 12,000 years ago Simple stone/bone tools, nomadic, small groups,
“survival” mentality, scavenger/gatherer/hunter Hominid vs. Early People Australopithecines, Homo Halibis, Homo
Erectus, Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon
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Mesolithic EraMesolithic Era Means “Middle Stone Age” About 12,000 years ago to 10,000 years ago Improved methods of tool making (polished stone),
semi-nomadic, animism, artwork and beliefs, life after death, hunter/gatherer/early farming experimentation
Advancements of early human groupings (Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon)
Major movement toward creation of civilization
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Neolithic EraNeolithic Era Means “New Stone Age” About 10,000 years ago to 8000 years ago Creation of tools out of metal instead of stone,
permanent settlements, farmer/hunter/gatherer, division of labor, domestication of animals for labor/food, plow, weaving
Development of permanent societies led to the development of civilization
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Life during PrehistoryLife during PrehistoryBeginnings Theory of African origins, migrations of
early hominids and humans
Hunters/Gatherers Lived in small hunting groups, all types of prey and any vegetation/fruits, nomadic
Early Religious Beliefs Animism, cave paintings, figurines, caring for the dead
Agricultural Revolution Beginnings of farming, domestication of animals
Changing ways of life Population growth in villages and cities, community mentality, roles of men/women, warfare, ownership and wealth
New Technologies Development of new skills/tools, metal working, plow, workshops, weaving
Creation of culture Blue-print for living
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*** IMPORTANT CONCEPT TO UNDERSTAND***
*** IMPORTANT CONCEPT TO UNDERSTAND***
ASSIMILATION:Blending of cultures
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Creation of culture led to the creation of civilizationCreation of culture led to the creation of civilization
Characteristics of Civilization –Cities
Organized Governments Religion
Division of Labor Social Classes
Arts and ArchitecturePublic Works Projects
Writing
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River Valley CivilizationsRiver Valley CivilizationsMesopotamia Egypt
Indus China
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PREHISTORY
6,000,000,000 b.c.e. to
10,000 b.c.e.