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Nur Liyana Aqmar Binti Kamal Ariffin
Mohamed Shakimi Bin Hanafi
Mohamad Azri Bin Ibrahim
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Outlines Introduction
Objectives
Brief Theory
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgement
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Introduction
Magneticmaterial
hardsoft
intrinsic extrinsic
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Objectives To examine the magnetic transition from ferromagnetism to
paramagnetism in soft magnetic material.
To determine the Curie temperature.
To learn about the basic principles of magnetic hysteresis
To learn about the properties of ferromagnetic materials.
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Brief theory
Types of magnetism:
Ferromagnetism AntiferromagnetismFerrimagnetism Paramagnetism
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Temperature dependence
Curie Temperature, Tc
Ferromagnetism Ferrimagnetism Paramagnetism
Above a critical temperature called the Curie temperature (TC), ferromagnetic and
ferrimagnetic materials no longer possess a spontaneous magnetization and become
PARAMAGNETIC
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Hysteresis loop
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MethodologyChemical Formula0.3NiO+0.7ZnO+Fe2O3Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4
Sintering at 900oC Magnetic properties
characterizations
Curie
temperatureHysteresis loop
HP4294A Precision
Impedance Analyzer Linkjoin MATS 2010SDHysteresisgraph
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Results and discussion
Curie temperature
y = -0.4531x + 39.789
0.0000E+00
5.0000E+00
1.0000E+01
1.5000E+01
2.0000E+01
2.5000E+01
3.0000E+01
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
InitialPermeability
Temperature (oC)
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Discussion From the graph, the curie temperature was found as 87.8oC.
This curie temperature represent the changes of magnetism
behaviour from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism.
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Hysteresis
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
-1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500
B (T)
H(A/m)
1
2
3
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Discussion When magnetic field applied on the sample reached the
saturation level, all the direction of magnetic moment are
parallel to each other.
When the magnetic field being removed, only partial of the
magnetic moment direction changes the direction and results in
having remanance.
From the graph, magnetic saturation induction, B and
coercivity field, Hc value of 0.01T and 785.33 A/mrespectively.
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Conclusion Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 was well characterized using the hysteresis
graph and curie temperature measurement.
The magnetism behaviour changes from ferromagnetism to
paramagnetism at curie temperature of 87.8oC.
Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 can be characterised as a soft magnetic
material with its magnetic saturation induction, B and
coercivity field, Hc value of 0.01T and 785.33 A/m
respectively.
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Acknowledgement
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