Presented by
George W. Solhan
Deputy Chief of Naval Research for
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and
Combating Terrorism S&T Department (ONR 30)
13 February 2007
NDIA Annual Meeting
ONR’s Mission…
o foster, plan, facilitate, and transition scientific research in recognition of its paramount importance to enable future naval power and the preservation of national security.
TT
S&T ENTERPRISE MISSION
Maintain Technological Superiority– Plan and foster ground-breaking scientific research– Assimilate intellectual capital worldwide– Enable innovative Naval Operating Concepts
Maintain Global S&T Awareness– Leverage U.S. and global technology insights– Preempt technology surprise by potential competitors
Transition S&T to the Warfighter– Foster transition from S&T to higher levels of RDT&E
Execute for the Future– Ensure alignment of Naval S&T with Naval missions and future
capability needs– Sponsor primarily external performers but maintain core in-
house research capability at NRL and through the Naval Warfare Centers
– Manage a balanced portfolio with peer-respected technical Program Officers
– Develop and sustain a robust S&T workforce– Execute innovative and efficient business practices in support
of S&T mission
CNR CNR Fleet/Force Fleet/Force InitiativesInitiatives
CNR CNR Fleet/Force Fleet/Force InitiativesInitiatives
FNCsFNCsFNCsFNCs
Discovery and InventionDiscovery and InventionDiscovery and InventionDiscovery and Invention
The Way Ahead for Naval S&T…a look at tomorrow through the porthole of today...
6.3 dollars6.3 dollars 6.2 / 6.3 dollars6.2 / 6.3 dollars Primarily 6.1 dollarsPrimarily 6.1 dollars
Science and Technology Investment by Current Capability Area
FY07 $M
4.4
7.3
7.5
13.4
17.6
18.3
25.6
29.8
40.8
51.0
54.1
56.3
59.0
80.0
80.5
84.0
91.9
103.5
114.0
117.0
133.8
160.6
249.1
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0
Lightening Infantryman Load
Alternative Fuels
Helo/VSTOL Survivability
Heavy Lift Technologies
On-the-Move/Over-the-Horizon C2
Combat Tactical Vehicle
Global Connectivity
Networks & Communications
Power Sources
Common Operational & Tactical Picture
Responsive Logistics
Counter IED
Precise & Persisitent Firepower
Intel, Surveillance & Recon
Force Protection
Deliberate & Time Sensitive Strike
Affordability
Ship-to-Objective Maneuver
Mine Warfare/Countermeasures
Anti-Surface Warfare
Air & Missile Defense
Global War on Terrorism
Anti-Submarine Warfare
Areas of increasing Navy/MC emphasis
FORCENet SEA SHIELD SEABASE SEA WARRIOR SEA STRIKE
MCCDC, MCWL,
MARCORSYSCOM
MARFOR, NAVFAC
NCIS, DTRA, DHS
SOCOM
SPECWARCOM
JNLW Directorate
Army Research Lab
NECC
MARSOC
SPAWAR
NETWARCOM
ONI
NRO
NSA
N096
NAVMETOC
CORE
NOPP
NOAA
NASA
UNOLS
NAVSEA
NAVSURFOR
NAVSUBFOR
NAVAIRFOR (for ship systems)
USCG
DOE
Surgeon General
Medical Officer of the USMC
CNET
CNP
NIH
NAVAIR
NAVAIRFOR
Air Force Research Lab
DASN LMW DASN IWS/LMW/
AIR/C4I
DASN SHIPS/
IWS/AIR
DASN SHIPS/LMW DASN SHIPS/C41/
LMW
DASN SHIPS/ IWS/AIR
30 – Exp. Warfare & Combating Terrorism
31 – C4ISR 32 – Ocean Battlespace Environment
33 – Sea Warfare and Weapons
34 – Warfighter Performance
35 – Air Warfare and Weapons
Exp. Man. Warfare
USMC STOs in multiple warfighting areas – C4; ISR; Logistics; Human Performance, Training & Survivability; Maneuver; MCM Warfare (w/32);
Ground-based Firepower;
Non-lethal Weapons;
Naval Specwar; EOD, ;Distributed Operations
Combating Terrorism
Electronics
Computer & Info Sciences
Radar/EO/IR
Maritime sensors
EM propogation & interaction
Signal & image processing
C3 Networking
Surveillance
EW
Oceanography
Coastal Geosciences
Marine geology & geophysics
Modeling & Sim Marine metrology
Atmospheric effects
Space
MCM (w/30)
UUV’s (w/33)
Chemistry
Power & energy conversion
Naval materials
Non-linear dynamics
Ship Structures
Ship HM&E
ASW & UUV’s (w/32)
Ocean eng. & marine systems
Cognitive science
Neural science
Behavioral science
Social org./science
Manpower, personnel & training
Human factors
Medical science
Bimolecular science
Biosystems
Biomaterials
CBWD
Physics
Aerospace materials
Energetics
Surface & Air launched weapons
Kinetic & Directed energy weapons
Robotics
UAV’s
Air Vehicles
S & T Departments: Customers and Portfolios
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating TerrorismS&T Department Mission
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism (Code 30) To lead the Department of the Navy’s Science and Technology efforts that develop future combat capabilities for Naval Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and the Department’s role in Combating Terrorism:
…the exploitation and subsequent application of Science and Technology in order to enhance the ability of the Navy-Marine Corps team to achieve assured access and conduct decisive operations as the naval portion of a joint campaign.
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare & Combating Terrorism Department (Code 30)
Department HeadMr. George Solhan
Director
Research Division (301)
Basic Researh Deputy
Applications Division (302)
Director
Combating Terrorism & Integration Division
(303)
Director
C4 ISR Fires Logistics Maneuver
HumanPerformanceTraining &Education
Integration
DeputyProgramming,
Planning, & OperationsDistributed Operations
Integration
Force Protection
(MCM/CIED/CRAM/etc)
Maritime IrregularWarfare
(MSO/MIA/MDA)
OperationalAdaptation
DeputyDepartment Head
COL J. Kevin Dodge
Combat DeveloperMCCDC/OPNAV/
CFFC
MaterielDeveloperSYSCOMs/PEOs
TechnologyDeveloper
(S&T)ONR
A
C
B
A Concept Capability Futures Gaps Requirements
B Capability Futures Gaps Requirements Technology
C Requirements Technology R&D/ Production Capability
Capabilities FuturesConcepts to Requirements
S&T Objectives (STOs)Modernization
Resources
Plan & ExecuteTechnology Discovery,
Invention, and Exploitation Programs.
Collaborate with Services, Agencies, Industry and
Academia
Vision CapabilityAreas Research
Areas ResearchSubareas Thrusts
Projects
OPNAV/HQMC
Enterprises
S&T Strategy – Enterprise/MCCDC/
CNR
CNR Management
R&D Procurement
FieldingO & S
S&T has a long-term focus but is responsive to near-term Naval needs
Near Mid Far
Fo
cus
Hi
Lo
Quick Reaction S&T
Discovery & Invention(Basic and Applied Science)
S&TWarfighter
AcquisitionEnablers
Leap AheadInnovations
ONR S&T Portfolio Balance
40%
10%
30%
10%
Most Contested –
Least Invested
MCO Strike
Symmetric Asymmetric
Mar
itim
e D
omai
n
Air Space
LandSea
Desert Jungle
Urban/ Littoral
Mtn.
Port/Waterfront
Industrial
SuburbCity
Urb
an L
itto
ral A
rea
SASO Hum.
ExWar & Combating Terrorism
National & Naval GWOT Strategy/Analysis
National SecurityStrategy (2002)
National National SecuritySecurityStrategy Strategy (2002)(2002)
• Strengthen Alliances to DefeatGlobal Terrorism and Work to Prevent Attacks Against Us and Our Friends
• Work with others to DefuseRegional Conflicts
• PreventOur Enemies from Threatening Us, Our Allies, and Our Friends with Weapons of Mass Destruction
• TransformAmerica’s National Security Institutions to Meet the Challenges and Opportunities of the 21st Century
Key GoalsNational Defense
Strategy (2005)
National DefenseNational DefenseStrategy Strategy (2005)(2005)
National Strategy for Combating
Terrorism (2003)
National Strategy National Strategy for Combating for Combating
Terrorism (2003)Terrorism (2003)
National Strategy for Homeland
Security (2002)
National Strategy National Strategy for Homeland for Homeland
Security (2002)Security (2002)
National Strategy for Maritime
Security (2005)
National Strategy National Strategy for Maritime for Maritime
Security (2005)Security (2005)
National SecurityStrategy (2002)
National National SecuritySecurityStrategy Strategy (2002)(2002)
• Strengthen Alliances to DefeatGlobal Terrorism and Work to Prevent Attacks Against Us and Our Friends
• Work with others to DefuseRegional Conflicts
• PreventOur Enemies from Threatening Us, Our Allies, and Our Friends with Weapons of Mass Destruction
• TransformAmerica’s National Security Institutions to Meet the Challenges and Opportunities of the 21st Century
Key GoalsKey GoalsNational Defense
Strategy (2005)
National DefenseNational DefenseStrategy Strategy (2005)(2005)
National Strategy for Combating
Terrorism (2003)
National Strategy National Strategy for Combating for Combating
Terrorism (2003)Terrorism (2003)
National Strategy for Homeland
Security (2002)
National Strategy National Strategy for Homeland for Homeland
Security (2002)Security (2002)
National Strategy for Maritime
Security (2005)
National Strategy National Strategy for Maritime for Maritime
Security (2005)Security (2005)
Strategic GuidanceStrategic Guidance
External Coordination
Naval Guidance
NOCNSP USMC OpCon
Other Guidance
QDR FM 3-24COIN
Global Maritime Domain Awareness
Operational Adaptation
Maritime Irregular Warfare
ONR CbT Capability Areas
Counter IED IED Prediction IED Prevention IED and Mine Detection IED and Mine Neutralization IED and Mine Effects Mitigation Technical and Forensic Exploitation
Counter IED IED Prediction IED Prevention IED and Mine Detection IED and Mine Neutralization IED and Mine Effects Mitigation Technical and Forensic Exploitation
Maritime Irregular Warfare Ship Disabling Non-Lethal Systems Enhanced Maritime Interception Operations Expeditionary Security Biometrics Real-time Forensic Site Exploitation Logistics for Distributed Forces Extended Small-unit ISR Extended Small-unit Engagement Enhanced Individual and Small-unit Mobility CBRN Defense Tactical Comm in Complex Environments
Maritime Irregular Warfare Ship Disabling Non-Lethal Systems Enhanced Maritime Interception Operations Expeditionary Security Biometrics Real-time Forensic Site Exploitation Logistics for Distributed Forces Extended Small-unit ISR Extended Small-unit Engagement Enhanced Individual and Small-unit Mobility CBRN Defense Tactical Comm in Complex Environments
Global Maritime Domain Awareness All Source Collection Intelligence & Information Analysis &
Fusion Netcentric Dissemination Persistent, Pervasive, Affordable
Surveillance Tag, Track, and Locate
Global Maritime Domain Awareness All Source Collection Intelligence & Information Analysis &
Fusion Netcentric Dissemination Persistent, Pervasive, Affordable
Surveillance Tag, Track, and Locate
Operational Adaptation Warfighting Decision Superiority Commander’s Preparation of the
Environment Information Operations and Related
Capabilities Battlespace Shaping Operational Culture Understanding &
Communication Mission Gaming and Rehearsal Adaptive Thinking and Leader Development
Operational Adaptation Warfighting Decision Superiority Commander’s Preparation of the
Environment Information Operations and Related
Capabilities Battlespace Shaping Operational Culture Understanding &
Communication Mission Gaming and Rehearsal Adaptive Thinking and Leader Development
CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CapabilitiesCapabilities
CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CapabilitiesCapabilities
Irregular Warfare--Defined
“Irregular warfare is a form of warfare that has as its objective the credibility and/or legitimacy of the relevant political authority with the goal of undermining or supporting that authority. Irregular warfare factors indirect approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capabilities to seek asymmetric advantages, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence and will.” (Irregular Warfare Roadmap - QDR)
“Irregular warfare is a form of warfare that has as its objective the credibility and/or legitimacy of the relevant political authority with the goal of undermining or supporting that authority. Irregular warfare factors indirect approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capabilities to seek asymmetric advantages, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence and will.” (Irregular Warfare Roadmap - QDR)
Detecting and Effecting anonymous irregular threats dispersed throughout the human landscape…”irregular”
versus
Finding and Destroying distinctive conventional formations concentrated on the physical
landscape…”traditional”
Asymmetric and Irregular Warfare (Combating Terrorism)
Key Research TopicsUnmanned Undersea Vehicle TechnologiesUnmanned Air and Ground VehiclesIntelligent and Autonomous SystemsAutomated Image UnderstandingInformation Processing & PresentationSocial, Cultural & Behavioral ModelingBiometricsNanoscale Electronic Devices and SensorsEW AttackCounter IEDNon-Lethal weapons
Vision: Enable Naval forces to preempt and defeat adaptive non-conventional threats operating within complex physical and social terrain.
Objectives
ISR:• Unmanned Vehicles: Intelligent autonomous unmanned
vehicles, sensors, and communications• Interior/Exterior Imaging: Rapidly reconstruct and fuse multi-
aspect sensor data into 3-D tactical models of building interiors and exteriors
• Riverine Surveillance: Common and persistent maritime picture on and below the surface/shore
Intelligence Analysis: • Image and Pattern recognition tools• Societal, cultural, and behavioral modeling• Biometrics
Active and Passive Forensics Tools: • Field-portable forensic tools, sensors, and sensor networks; as
well as spectrally-coded particulate markers and probes
Advanced Countermeasures: • Dominate EM spectrum• Predict, detect and neutralize IED’s and P-IED’s• Deny adversaries the ability to hide among civilian population• Phase 0 S&T
Vision: Enable Naval forces to preempt and defeat adaptive non-conventional threats operating within complex physical and social terrain.
Objectives
ISR:• Unmanned Vehicles: Intelligent autonomous unmanned
vehicles, sensors, and communications• Interior/Exterior Imaging: Rapidly reconstruct and fuse multi-
aspect sensor data into 3-D tactical models of building interiors and exteriors
• Riverine Surveillance: Common and persistent maritime picture on and below the surface/shore
Intelligence Analysis: • Image and Pattern recognition tools• Societal, cultural, and behavioral modeling• Biometrics
Active and Passive Forensics Tools: • Field-portable forensic tools, sensors, and sensor networks; as
well as spectrally-coded particulate markers and probes
Advanced Countermeasures: • Dominate EM spectrum• Predict, detect and neutralize IED’s and P-IED’s• Deny adversaries the ability to hide among civilian population• Phase 0 S&T
Operational Adaptation
Definition: (OA) The ability to gain, maintain, or recover the tactical, operational, and strategic initiative over an irregular threat by anticipating threat measures/countermeasures and by facilitating the dynamic tailoring of friendly forces, capabilities, actions, and TTPs to defeat these measures/countermeasures.
*******
OA enables domination of the threat decision cycle by facilitating the speed, quality, and capacity of the friendly decision making cycle.
*******
OA enables shaping operations by facilitating the stimulation, limitation, or manipulation of threat activities…or by influencing the activities and perceptions of another relevant target audience.
Proposed S&T Plan: Road to Operational Adaptation
Conventional Threats Irregular Threats
Phase I: Physical Indicators & Anomalies(Code 31 lead)
Phase II: Reveal network organizations
Phase III: Cultural, & Behavioral Anomalies; Threat Stimulation & Manipulation; Tag, Track, & Locate
FY09 FY13
5 Demos
3 Phases
Demos build upon each other
Irregular NetworksInfluence OperationsIndividuals
Irregular NetworksInfluence OperationsIndividuals
Domain of Existing US Military Technology
PortfolioNation StatesMaterial WarfareTraditional Formations
Nation StatesMaterial WarfareTraditional Formations
Demo 1 – Phase 2: Affordable Persistent Pervasive Surveillance
Commercially Available SatCom
10 – 30
Kbps
10 – 30
Kbps
10 – 30 Kbps
10 – 30 Kbps
Methodology:• Stealthy, long range, and high endurance UAVs for “eyes in
the sky” - deployable from ocean and remote locations• Inexpensive, low power consumption surveillance payloads• Panoramic, wide-aperture optical sensors with 3-D imaging • Data processing for minimization of transmitted data using
physical indicators and anomalies• Low bandwidth, over the horizon datalinks
GPS GIS GeodataUrban and Terrain Imaging
RiverineMaritime Urban/ Asymmetric
(Wide Areas up to 200 nm2 - Open Ocean, Littoral, Rivers & Urban)
O O D A
100% of Program Objective
Demo 4: Forewarning Through Network Mapping and Limited Intent Prediction
• Improved Observation: Ability to Tag Individuals, Vehicles & Items Using High-fidelity Tagging, Tracking, and Locating (TTL) Technologies
• Improved Orientation: Pattern Identification of Social, Commercial & Organizational Relationships
• Orient: TTL with analysis algorithms predicts threat events hours in advance
• Decide: Develop network attack options for commander
(Commanders able to gain tactical forewarning by detecting potential threats and tracking their activities through complex terrain in real-time)
Tagging, tracking & locating coupled with cultural & biometric data and ground and UAV sensor network.
Tagged Vehicle
Tagging deployed by UAVs & UGVs in
suspected meeting grounds
UAV locates and tracks
Activity network mapped within minutes, prediction of future
changes of behavior generated
Observe Analyze w/ ++++Prediction Capability
Global IntelHuman & SourcesSocial,
Action - Terrorist Network Stimulated / Manipulated
O O D A
100% of Program Objective
Information Operations Evolution (Demo 5)
Information Operations are the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network operations (CNO), psychological operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC), and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own.
Information Operations are the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network operations (CNO), psychological operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC), and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own.
Technology Focus on theInformation
Environment
Physical
Informa-tional
Cogni-tive
Physical
Informa-tional
Cogni-tive
Phy-sical
Informa-tional
Cognitive
Phy-sical
Informa-tional
Cognitive
Pre-OA
OA
Pre-OAOA
EWEW
CNOCNO
PSYOPPSYOP
MILDECMILDEC
OPSECOPSEC
Core
Public Affairs
Public Affairs
Civil-Military Ops
Civil-Military Ops
Def Supt to Pub Dip
Def Supt to Pub Dip
Information Assurance
Information Assurance
Physical Attack
Physical Attack
Counter-Intelligence
Counter-Intelligence
Combat Camera
Combat Camera
Supporting
Related
Public Affairs
Public Affairs
Civil-Military Ops
Civil-Military Ops
Def Supt to Pub Dip
Def Supt to Pub Dip
Information Assurance
Information Assurance
Physical Attack
Physical Attack
Counter-Intelligence
Counter-Intelligence
Combat Camera
Combat Camera
Information Assurance
Information Assurance
Physical Attack
Physical Attack
Counter-Intelligence
Counter-Intelligence
Combat Camera
Combat Camera
Supporting
Related
FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
Littoral SurveillanceDemo 1Phase I(Code 31 lead)
Demo 1 phase II(Code 31 lead)
- Low cost sensor payloads - Teraflop processors- Optical sensors for 3-D imaging
Forewarning Via Network Mapping & Limited PredictionAdaptive learning detection (ADL)
Active Threat Manipulation
Demo 5(TBD
- Covert tags- Tag integration from UAVs
AUV – Long Endurance Gliders
Persist Pervasive Surv.
Roadmap to Operational AdaptationRoadmap to Operational Adaptation(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)
Roadmap to Operational AdaptationRoadmap to Operational Adaptation(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)
Demo 4(TBD)
Demo 3(TBD)
Near R-T Network Map Demo 2(TBD)
Proactive Tactical Adaptation
AUV - Large Sensor Network
Netted tactical sensor fields
Network attack option modelsUAV – Low Cost/ Long Endurance
ADL Supports enemy network builder
Classification of tracks
Decision causality and stimulation
Optical taggants
Real Time processing – compact & lightweight
Demo
Demo
Demo
Demo
Demo
Demo
MindMindMindMind Body Body Body Body
Close capability gaps Close capability gaps in how Marinesin how Marines think think,,
learnlearn, and , and traintrain
Support the development of a physically and mentally superior warrior that is Support the development of a physically and mentally superior warrior that is prepared for peak performance in complex distributed operations prepared for peak performance in complex distributed operations
environments. HPT&S includes key aspects of human performance: environments. HPT&S includes key aspects of human performance: Cognitive Performance, Physical Performance , Survivability, and Training Cognitive Performance, Physical Performance , Survivability, and Training
Technology Enhancement.Technology Enhancement.
HPT&E Program Concept
Leverage Leverage LeverageLeverage
Close capability gaps Close capability gaps in how Marines in how Marines
physicallyphysically performperform, , traintrain, and, and
survivesurvive
COGNITIVE COGNITIVE PERFORMANCPERFORMANC
EEENHANCEMENENHANCEMEN
TT
TRAINING TRAINING TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOG
Y Y ENHANCEMEENHANCEME
NTNT
PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PERFORMANPERFORMAN
CECEENHANCEMEENHANCEME
NT & NT & SURVIVABILISURVIVABILI
TYTYTRAINING TRAINING
TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOGY Y
ENHANCEMEENHANCEMENTNT
“Our most effective weapon remains the
individual Marine who out-learns, out-
thinks, and out-fights any
adversary” -- CMC
Goal: Improve Goal: Improve Tomorrow’s Tomorrow’s Marine for Marine for
Tomorrow’s Tomorrow’s ThreatThreat
Focus AreasFocus AreasFocus AreasFocus Areas
DARPA, USA,USN, Joint,
etc
DARPA, USA,USN, Joint,
etc
HPT&E Project & Key TechnologiesMapping to DO Tenets
• HP: CHFET
– Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
• T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC, WP, & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
– Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
Focus Areas, Projects, & Key Technologies
• Need adaptive experiential learning/training environments; tailored to individual & team measures; driven by continual assessment & diagnosis for most efficient/effective, domain-specific training technologies & methodologies
• Ability to predict Warfighter capabilities/ limitations in diverse combat conditions
• Need assessment (scientific validity, operational applicability) of current physical training methods & effects of sustained, extreme environments on combat performance
• Need to develop new models, methods, and technologies that support optimal individual and team mental, physical, and physiological readiness for sustained operations in asynchronous/ distributed combat environments
• Need rapid prototyping and testing capabilities to measure, assess, and diagnose combat performance
• Need sufficient understanding of mission-relevant individual and team cognition in situ and how to augment and enhance attention, info processing, SA, and decision making in DO combat environments
• Need improvements in applied knowledge base of communications on individual and team decision making & mission effectiveness (e.g., via adaptive training & operational technologies)
• Need to understand interaction effects among physical and cognitive combat demands and equipment and how to measure, assess, and diagnose to mitigate negative effects in combat
• Need training and operational strategies and technologies (e.g., optimization models) developed from systematic investigation of key cognitive, physical, & technological (equipment) requirements in operationally-relevant settings
The Whys(HPT&E Unique S&T)
•Improved live & synthetic training environments (dynamically adaptive) •Selection criteria/standards for DO leaders•Reduced failed mission objectives•Enhanced lethality, survivability
DO-Enabled Training
Technologies &
Methodologies
•Improve Warfighter performance in complex (distributed/ asynchronous) combat environments
– Cognition/decision making skills
– Physical capabilities
–Enable small unit decision making
•Explore new training/operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines
– Communications technologies
– Enhanced ability to carry required loads for longer periods
Enhanced Combat
Capabilities at Individual & Small Unit
Level
•Integrated Communications & Decision Making
– Enable lower-level DM in units
– Enhanced SA attainment / maintenance
•Explore new training & operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines
Information Exploitation at All Echelons in
Real Time
•Better trained, educated, & equipped Marines
– Enhanced Lethality
– Enhanced Survivability
– Enhanced Mobility
DO Marine as a
System
FunctionsDO Tenets
(CONOPS)
• HP: CHFET
– Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
• T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
• HP: WC, WP, & CHFET
–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare
–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities
–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools
–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System
•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS
– Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems
–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO
–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units
–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT
Focus Areas, Projects, & Key Technologies
• Need adaptive experiential learning/training environments; tailored to individual & team measures; driven by continual assessment & diagnosis for most efficient/effective, domain-specific training technologies & methodologies
• Ability to predict Warfighter capabilities/ limitations in diverse combat conditions
• Need assessment (scientific validity, operational applicability) of current physical training methods & effects of sustained, extreme environments on combat performance
• Need to develop new models, methods, and technologies that support optimal individual and team mental, physical, and physiological readiness for sustained operations in asynchronous/ distributed combat environments
• Need rapid prototyping and testing capabilities to measure, assess, and diagnose combat performance
• Need sufficient understanding of mission-relevant individual and team cognition in situ and how to augment and enhance attention, info processing, SA, and decision making in DO combat environments
• Need improvements in applied knowledge base of communications on individual and team decision making & mission effectiveness (e.g., via adaptive training & operational technologies)
• Need to understand interaction effects among physical and cognitive combat demands and equipment and how to measure, assess, and diagnose to mitigate negative effects in combat
• Need training and operational strategies and technologies (e.g., optimization models) developed from systematic investigation of key cognitive, physical, & technological (equipment) requirements in operationally-relevant settings
The Whys(HPT&E Unique S&T)
•Improved live & synthetic training environments (dynamically adaptive) •Selection criteria/standards for DO leaders•Reduced failed mission objectives•Enhanced lethality, survivability
DO-Enabled Training
Technologies &
Methodologies
•Improve Warfighter performance in complex (distributed/ asynchronous) combat environments
– Cognition/decision making skills
– Physical capabilities
–Enable small unit decision making
•Explore new training/operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines
– Communications technologies
– Enhanced ability to carry required loads for longer periods
Enhanced Combat
Capabilities at Individual & Small Unit
Level
•Integrated Communications & Decision Making
– Enable lower-level DM in units
– Enhanced SA attainment / maintenance
•Explore new training & operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines
Information Exploitation at All Echelons in
Real Time
•Better trained, educated, & equipped Marines
– Enhanced Lethality
– Enhanced Survivability
– Enhanced Mobility
DO Marine as a
System
FunctionsDO Tenets
(CONOPS)
Current Load
Our
Target
s
Need for Increased Protection
Photo by: Cpl. William Skelton
Navy Seaman Apprentice Petree, Al Anbar, Iraq
Face protection
Neck protection
Shoulder protection
Modular extremity protection
Helmet & vest protection
S&T Enablers•Advanced Materials•Epidemiology•Blast & Bio-effects Knowledge•Surrogates & M&S Tools
Funded Programs
• Marine Corps Advanced Combat Helmet System Initiative– $500K in ’06, $150K in ’07 (additional ’07 funds pending approval)– Develop field tested advanced helmet technologies that provide
improved blast, blunt trauma and ballistic protection.– Provide increased modular protection to the critical areas of the
face and neck areas. – Develop advanced materials to increase ballistic performance.– Develop an improved suspension system to better absorb high
impacts and blast. – Develop helmet designs that provide increased protection,
comfort and fit while reducing fatigue.– Reduce heat stress by 25%. – Development of helmet M&S and design tools
Light Tactical Vehicle Evolution: Jeep to JLTV
1959-1984
M151
1984-1995 M1025
1993-? M1114/M1151
2010-FutureJLTV FOV
(2005 Golden HMMWV)
Technology Improvements:A0 Series (1984-93) 6.2L diesel engine, 3 spd transmission, 2,500 lb. payload (incl. crew), Up to 3,632 lb. Payload (shelter carrier)86,237 producedA1 Series (1991-95) Improved drivetrain, Improved suspension8,899 producedA2 Series (1994-present) 6.5L engine, 4 spd electronic trans, 9,000 lb. winch, CTIS ready, 4,400 lb. payload (incl. crew), 9,013 produced
Technology Improvements:Redesigned for the Military.Featuring a longer wheelbase, softer ride, more powerful engine, manual transmission, and four wheel independent suspension
Technology Improvements: Expanded Capacity Vehicles (1993-present)5,100 lb. payload (M1113, M1151/1152, incl. crew)Heavy Up-Armored HMMWV (M1114 UAH)9,748 produced
Technology Improvements:Integrated Survivability (Armor),Integrated C4ISR (space, weight, power)Net Payload Capacity with ArmorImproved Mobility with and without Armor
Today’s Light Vehicle is More Complex – Modernization Cycles Accelerating
ONR is conducting studies, analyses and technology development efforts in the areas of concepts, survivability, and mobility
• Technology evaluations and trade studies– Awarded Contract to Nevada Automotive Test Center (NATC)– Validation of JLTV CDD and performance specification
• Fabricate a Gap 1 technology demonstrator– Nevada Automotive Test Center– Build, test, and evaluate a Combat Tactical Vehicle demonstrator platform
• Concept studies/mockup construction – Awarded contracts to AM General, General Dynamics, BAE, Cadillac Gage, Oshkosh– Generate concepts for FOV:
• Near term concept (for MS B)• Far term concept (MS C and beyond)• Future technology investment areas
– Deliverables aligned with key acquisition events
ONR S&T Support to JLTV
ONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorCombat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)Combat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)
ONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorCombat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)Combat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)
Survivability & Force Protection■ 6 Marine/Soldier cab■ Monocoque Aluminum-based V-Shaped Lower Hull with Integrated Armor/Structure■ Modular Armor Kit■ Blast-Mitigating Seats■ Air Conditioning w/ Modular NBC■ Automatic Fire Suppression■ Accepts Multiple Weapons Stations
Network Centricity■ Integrated communications suite Sustainability■ Limited on-board diagnostics■ 10Kw on the Move & 30Kw Stationary Integrated, exportable AC power
Transportability■ 96” w x 220” l Operational Ht = ~ 86 inches & Reducible Ht = 76.4 inches ■ CH53/CH47 EAT & C130 Transportable■ MPS & Amphibious shipping■ Demonstrator curb weight = 15,600 lbs
Mobility■ 322 Hp Detroit Diesel 926■ 6-Speed Twin Disc Transmission with Integral Transfer Case■ SLA Independent w/ 3-Position Ride Height Adjustment & 24” Wheel Travel■ Central Tire Inflation Systems (CTIS)■ Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) w/ Integrated Stability Control
Payload■ 6000 lb payload with integral armor
Operational Range■ 400 miles
The Ultimate Customer – The Warfighter!
Caveat: Real Customer: SYSCOMs, PEOs, DRPMs
HOT Buttons:1. Survivability2. Reduce Combat Load3. Small Unit Excellence4. Fuel Efficiency5. Light weight portable power sources6. “Transparent Urban Structures7. Modular, Scaleable Weapons8. CIED, MCM, CRAM