05/01/2023
Submitted By,MITHUN P C
S7 EEEROLL No.:17
PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUTURE GRID
Dept. of EEE 1
05/01/2023
CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION
BLACKOUT
CURRENT STATUS
INFLUENCES
CHALLENGES
EMERGING SOLUTIONS
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS & OPPORTUNITIES
PROACTIVE CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONDept. of EEE 2
05/01/2023
INTRODUCTION
= To Act Now in Anticipation of Future Problems
Modern Power Grid is one of the most complex
engineering in existence.
In each second, millions of components are working.
Grid parameters are instantaneously changing.
The grid management challenge is to ensure that the
operating conditions stays within safe limit.
Dept. of EEE 3
05/01/2023
Definition: A temporary electrical power failure or cut.
On August 14, 2003 in North America. On 30th & 31st July 2012 in India. India’s massive blackout is the largest one in the world
history. Around 9% of the world’s population was affected.
2012 India Blackout Leaves 600 Million People in the Dark.mp4Dept. of EEE 4
05/01/2023
Root causes: Inadequate system understanding.
Inadequate situational awareness.
Inadequate tree trimming.
Inadequate reliability coordinator report.
Dept. of EEE 5
05/01/2023
CURRENT STATUS Power Grid Today:
Generation – Transmission – Distribution - Customer Load
The chain needs to be :
Reliable
Secure
resilient
24/7
Effect of failure of Transmission system
Effect of failure of Distribution system<<
<Dept. of EEE 6
05/01/2023
Grid Management Today
Developed in 1960s-Digital computers Real time management of transmission
system.
Receives measurement from grid every 2-4s
& presented to grid operator.
Not accurate.
Dept. of EEE 7
05/01/2023
• TODAYS EMS PARADIGM IS BASICALLY REACTIVE.
Dept. of EEE 8
05/01/2023
INFLUENCES
Dept. of EEE 9
05/01/2023
CHALLENGES Electricity market decisions may be unfamiliar to
the grid operator.
Renewable & distributed generation resources are
uncontrollable to the grid operator.
Demand response & customer engagement
programs may cause sudden spikes in demand.
Power electronic load will have different load
characteristics. Aging and retiring of experienced work force.
Dept. of EEE 10
05/01/2023
EMERGING SOLUTIONS Distribution Management System.
Outage Management System.
Generation Management System.
Substation Automation Solutions.
Demand Response Programs.
Distributed energy resource Management system.
Microgrids & Nanogrids.
Wide Area Monitoring Systems. (using PMU)
Dept. of EEE 11
05/01/2023
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS & OPPORTUNITIES
HARD TRENDS• Will certainly
happen.• Difficult to
influence
SOFT TRENDS• They can be
influenced.
Dept. of EEE 12
05/01/2023
A. High Performance Computers
Moore’s Law : “Computer processing power doubles every 18 months”
Processor prices have been declining. So large no. of high performance computers are employed at
control centres.
B. Distributed Parallel Processors
-> To speed up the solution process of Contingency Analysis Dynamic Stability Analysis
-> Can process more scenarios at same time.Dept. of EEE 13
05/01/2023
C. Synchrophasor Measurement
“Synchronized phasors (synchrophasors) provide a real-time
measurement of electrical quantities from across the power
system.”
Increasingly deployed worldwide. Captures upto 60 values at each second with precise time
tag. Replaces traditional way of measuring values every 2-4s.
[SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition] Similar to High Definition Microscopic picture.
Dept. of EEE 14
05/01/2023
D. Synchrophasor Analytics
New class of grid analytics for control room. Today transmission control centres deploys PMU. Identifies :
Poorly damped oscillations. Disturbance locations. Islanding conditions.
Dept. of EEE 15
05/01/2023
E. Smart Meters
Sends energy usage to the
supplier wirelessly. Enable two-way
communication between the
meter and the central system. Can gather data for remote
reporting. More accurate bills. Better understanding of
energy usage.
Dept. of EEE 16
05/01/2023
F. Advanced Protection & Control Relays.
Modern digital relays are used. More reliable grid operation. GPS can be attached & provides synchronised substation
measurements.
Dept. of EEE 17
05/01/2023
G. Advanced Visualization Platforms
Displayed on geographical map of the region. Provides more comprehensive view of grid conditions. Provides for better situational awareness & actionable
information.
H. Modern Fast-Acting Grid Controls
Thyristor-based grid controllers are used. Faster in action.ie; responds within millisecond. Used in today’s HVDC technology.
Dept. of EEE 18
05/01/2023
H. Cloud Computing Multiple users can access a single server. It provides greater computational power.
I. Enterprise-wide Dedication communication network Reduced cost per bandwidth of information exchange. More security in data transfer.
J. Energy Storage Important due to Electric Vehicle, renewable energy plant etc. Li-ion battery technology is promising. Research and development is going on.
Dept. of EEE 19
05/01/2023Dept. of EEE 20
05/01/2023
PROACTIVE CONCLUSIONS
Symbiotic integration of synchrophasorwith fast acting
controllers
Synchrophasor solutions
Decision Support System
Dept. of EEE 21
05/01/2023
Decision Support System Concept after the 2003 US blackout. Augments the traditional EMS. It exploits high performance computers and multicore
processing. Gives the projection of
future grid conditions. The Dispatcher Training
Simulator (DTS) forecasts the
scenarios for next 15-30 min.
Dept. of EEE 22
05/01/2023
Implementation Of Look Ahead Analytics at the Control Center
Dept. of EEE 23
05/01/2023
Overview of a DSS at the Control Center.
Dept. of EEE 24
05/01/2023
Synchrophasor Solutions
A. Baselining Archived Grid Data For Event Signatures.
B. Faster And Improved Monitoring Of Grid Stress.
C. Monitoring Grid Oscillations.
D. Identifies Islanding Situations In Grid.
E. Maximize Asset Utilization.
Symbiotic Integration of Synchrophasors With Fast Acting Controls
Dept. of EEE 25
05/01/2023
CONCLUSION Real-time measurements are received every few
seconds. Based on current EMS state and operator
projections integrity of Grid is ensured. With advanced technologies, intelligent solutions are
evolved.
These solutions improves:
• Reliability
• Security
• Resiliency
• Capacity
• Efficiency Dept. of EEE 26
05/01/2023Dept. of EEE 27