Download - Project and System Metaphors
Project and System Metaphors
May 1, 2009
Edward Granger-HappUnified CIO, Save the Children US & UK
Chairman, NetHope Chairman, GTRB
Some definitions - Metaphor
“A figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (as in drowning in money)” –Webster
"The metaphor reminds us that the universe is full of cousins.“ --J.D. Casnig
“Metaphors have a way of holding the most truth in the least space.” --Orson Scott Card
Some Definitions – Systems Metaphor“A story that everyone—customers, programmers, and managers—can tell about how the system works.” --Kent Beck
“The metaphor just helps everyone on the project understand the basic elements and their relationships. Words chosen to identify technical entities should be consistently taken from the chosen metaphor. As development proceeds and the metaphor matures, the whole team will find new inspiration from examining the metaphor.” – Kent Beck
“Extreme Programming teams develop a common vision of how the program works [or needs to work], which we call the “metaphor”. At its best, the metaphor is a simple evocative description of how the program works [will work or should work], such as “this program works like a hive of bees, going out for pollen and bringing it back to the hive” as a description for an agent-based information retrieval system.”
--Ronald E. Jeffries, XProgramming.com, 1999 - 2009
Key Project Metaphors at Save
• The following are key one-page metaphors that have summarized and galvanized key projects:
1.“Joe Donor” for the single-view-of-the-donor objective for Capital Campaign Project in 2006
2.The Data Silos “red zones” for Capital Campaign Project
3.The Unified Presence imperative for unified applications in the BCG Alliance IT Review in 2006
4.The Sri Lanka “130” reporting nightmare for the CPH Project in 2007
BEFOREProject Goals: Single View and Consolidated Campaign Reporting
MATCHING GIFTSJoe’s employer is a matching gift company but they are not on record as such. Joe’s sponsorship payments have not been matched because no application has ever been submitted.PLANNED GIVINGThrough reading the annual report for CARE, Planned Giving learned that Mary Donor set up a CLT with CARE as the income beneficiary. Her son, Joe, is the remainder beneficiary of $5 million.
N/A
SPECIAL EVENTSJoe attended the gala as the representative for XYZ Corporation along with his wife Alice. Both were setup in Raiser’s Edge as attendees. Joe is a Vice President with XYZ.
RE6GRANTSJoe is on the board of a foundation, The foundation recently gave a $50,000 grant to Mozambique
Grants Management
LEGEND: INTEGRATION OF INFORMATIONDotted Arrow = noneShaded Arrow = limitedBold Arrow = full `
Joe Donor
PLEDGESJoe has pledged to donate $100,000 for HIV in Uganda; payments will be received throughout the next 2 years, but no payments have been made as of yet
:Pledge form
CORPORATE RELATIONSXYZ Corporation is a corporate partner of Save the Children. They recently bought a table for the gala.
Raiser’s Edge AS400
AFTERProject Goals: Single View & Consolidated Campaign Reporting
MATCHING GIFTSJoe’s employer is a matching gift company but they are not on record as such. Joe’s sponsorship payments have not been matched because no application has ever been submitted.PLANNED GIVINGThrough reading the annual report for CARE, Planned Giving learned that Mary Donor set up a CLT with CARE as the income beneficiary. Her son, Joe, is the remainder beneficiary of $5 million.
RE7
SPECIAL EVENTSJoe attended the gala as the representative for XYZ Corporation along with his wife Alice. Both were setup in Raiser’s Edge as attendees. Joe is a Vice President with XYZ.
RE7GRANTSJoe is on the board of a foundation, The foundation recently gave a $50,000 grant to Mozambique
RE7
LEGEND: INTEGRATION OF INFORMATIONDotted Arrow = noneShaded Arrow = limitedBold Arrow = full
Joe Donor
PLEDGESJoe has pledged to donate $100,000 for HIV in Uganda; payments will be received throughout the next 2 years, but no payments have been made as of yet
RE7
CORPORATE RELATIONSXYZ Corporation is a corporate partner of Save the Children. They recently bought a table for the gala.
RE7 RE7
NOW IMAGINE 15 UNIFIED PRESENCE COUNTRIES AND 20 PARTICIPATING MEMBERS USING UNIQUE APPLICATIONSExample: Unified Presence, Financial Systems
Note: Assumes strict adherence to current rule that managing member systems are used in Unified Presence program countries
The Migraine
UP countries find themselves with unbearable workloads in reporting due to un-harmonized head offices
USAID
MFA Norway
MFA Norway
Internal-SCUK
USAID
Internal-SCUK
USAID
USAID
USAID
DEC
DEC
USAID
CIDA
DEC
Internal-SCUK
SC Alliance
DEC
DEC
DfID
CEF
OFDA
OFDA
USAID
SC Sweden
CEF
SC Alliance
Internal-SCUK
MFA Norway
SC Sweden
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
OFDA
CIDA
UNICEF
UNICEF
USAID
ECHO
ECHO
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
USAID
USAID
USAID
USAID
CIDA
CIDA
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
CEF
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
CEF
Internal-SCUK
SC Alliance
OFDA
OFDA
SC Alliance
SC Sweden
Internal-SCUK
USAID
USAID
UNICEF
UNICEF
USAID
ECHO
ECHO
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
USAID
SC Alliance
DEC
CIDA
CIDA
Internal-SCUK
CEF
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
OFDA
OFDA
CEF
Internal-SCUK
USAID
SC Sweden
SC Nw Zealnd
SC Nw Zealnd
Internal-SCUK
USAID
UNICEF
OFDA
OFDA
UNICEF
USAID
USAID
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
USAID
USAID
CEF
DEC
CEF
Internal-SCUK
OFDA
USAID
MFA Norway
Internal-SCUK
OFDA
CIDA
CIDA
DEC
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUKInternal-SCUK Internal-SCUK Internal-SCUK
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct DecMar Nov Jan '08
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Internal-SCUK
Case example: reporting requirements of Sri LankaCase example: reporting requirements of Sri Lanka
10
21 18
6
14
89
15
7
11 11
Total: 130
Background information:Managing Member: United KingdomParticipating members: Sweden, NorwayFunding members: Canada2006/07 budget: USD 19 mln
ITT & Country overview Other donor requirements FinancialQuarterly Reports [PMs or District Level
Narrative/Progress
Case example
Structure of the Partnership
And everyone interacts with each other...
CANADA
GERMANY
UNITEDSTATES
SINGAPORE
KOREA
AUSTRALIA
UNITEDKINGDOM
SWITZERLANDNEW
ZEALAND
JAPAN
HONGKONG
FINLAND
AUSTRIA
NETHERLANDS
TAIWAN
IRELAND
THE CORE
Picking the right metaphor is a matter of perspective