Domain Archaea
Domain Bacteria
Domain Eukarya
3 Domains
Fungi AnimalsPlants
Protists
Bacteria
Archaea
Sunday, February 10, 2013
Domain/Kingdom Bacteria• prokaryotic
• peptidoglycan in cell walls
• mostly heterotrophic species - pathogens, saprotrophs, mutualistic
• a few autotrophic - cyanobacteria, chemoautotrophs
Sunday, February 10, 2013
Domain/Kingdom Archaea
• prokaryotic
• no peptidoglycan in cell wall
• branched phospholipids
• many extremophiles - methanogens, halophiles, thermoacidophiles
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• Eukaryotic = have nucleus
• Single-cells or groups of similar cells.
• Variety of feeding types
• Sex cells not contained in organs.
Kingdom Protista
Sunday, February 10, 2013
Protist Evolution: Endosymbiotic Theory
Textbook Fig. 21.1
•Protists obtained mitochondria and chloroplasts when cells engulfed prokaryotic cells.•Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membrane and their own DNA•Inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to prokaryotes, outer membrane to eukaryotes
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• Animal-like - Protozoa
• Fungi-like - Water Molds & Slime Molds
• Plant-like - Algae
Kingdom Protista
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• Chlorophyll a & b (same as plants)Green Algae
Chlorophytes Charophytes
Volvoxfig 21.5
UlvaStonewort
CharaSpirogyrafig 21.8
Chlamydomonasfig 21.5
Often flagellated, single, colony
Filaments, reproduce like plants
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• multicellular “sea weeds”• chlorophyll & red & blue pigments• source of agar• source of carrageenin
Red Algae
fig 21.10
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• multicellular “sea weeds”
• Brown pigment as well as chlorophyll
Brown Algae
Fucus
Sunday, February 10, 2013
• Single cells• Plate-like armor (cellulose, silicon)• Flagella in grooves - horizontal, vertical
Dinoflagellates
fig 21.12
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Amoeboid form Flagellate form Encysted form
Dinoflagellate - Pfeisteria“The Cell from Hell”
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Red TideDinoflagellate - Gymnodinium
• produces neurotoxin• can cause massive fish kills• humans - paralytic shellfish poisoning
(stops respiration)
fig 21.15
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• Move by cilia• Engulf food - oral groove
Ciliates
Paramecium Stentor
fig 21.16
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• 2 flagella - 1 long and 1 short• eyespot• most autotrophic
Phacus
Euglenoids
Euglena
fig 21.18
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• flagellum along membrane• kinetoplast - mass of DNA in mitochondria
Trypanosoma - African Sleeping
Sickness
Kinetoplastids
fig 21.20
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• Move by pseudopods• Feed by phagocytosis
Amoeboids
Amoeba Entamoeba - amoebic dysentery
fig 21.21
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• Parasitic• Non-motile• Apical complex - organelle present at tip
when infective
Apicomplexans
Plasmodium - malaria Toxoplasma - litter box disease
fig 21.17
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Fungi-Like ProtistsThe Water Molds
• many decomposers (saprotrophs)• some parasitic
fig 21.14
Sunday, February 10, 2013