Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
i
Government of Karnataka (Public Works, Ports and Inland and Water Transport Department)
RESETTLEMETN ACTION PLAN
2010
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS …………………………………………..1
GLOSSARY OF RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION
TERMS …………………………………..............3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY …………………………………..............5 I CHAPTER: INTRODUCTION …………………………………..............7 Background …………………………………..............7 Description of the project …………………………………..............7 Physical Characteristics of the project area …………………………………..............8
Magnitude of impacts ………………………………….............9
RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND
UPDATION of SURVEY INFORMATION ………………………………….............10
Objectives ………………………………….............10
Approach to Resettlement Planning ………………………………….............11
Right of Way and Corridor of Impact ………………………………….............11
II CHAPTER:LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND
RESETTLEMENT POLICY PROVISIONS ………………………………….............12 The National Policy on Resettlement and Rehabilitation
for Project Affected Families, 2007 ………………………………….............12 The Land Acquisition (LA) Act of 1894 ………………………………….............12 OP/BP 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement ………………………………….............13 OP/BP 4.10 - Indigenous People ………………………………….............13 Public Works Department Code ………………………………….............14 Karnataka Highway Act 1964 ………………………………….............14 Comparison of National and State Policies with World
Banks IR Policy ………………………………….............14
KSHIP –II Policy ………………………………….............15 Impacts and Entitlements ………………………………….............16 Corridor of Impact ………………………………….............16 Targeted support to below poverty line groups ………………………………….............16 Option and Choices ………………………………….............16 Principles ………………………………….............16
Entitlement Matrix ………………………………….............17
III CHAPTER:LAND ACQUISITION AND
COMPENSATION PAYMENT ………………………………….............21 Land Acquisition in KSHIP I ………………………………….............21 Proposed Land Acquisition in KSHIP II ………………………………….............21 Estimated time for LA ………………………………….............22 Managing Land Acquisition under KSHIP II ………………………………….............22 Staffing for Land Acquisition Work ………………………………….............23 Tasks completed under KHA ………………………………….............23 Negotiations Committee for Land Price Fixation and
determination of Replacement Cost ………………………………….............23 Negotiation Committee ………………………………….............23 Replacement Cost ………………………………….............23
Method of Price fixation ………………………………….............24 Failure of KHA and Appellate Committee ………………………………….............24 Valuation of Assets ………………………………….............25 Estimation of land requirement and Preparation of Land
Acquisition Plans ………………………………….............25 Compensation Payment Process ………………………………….............25
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
iii
IV CHAPTER:SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND
BASELINE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ………………………………….............26 Social Impact Assessment ………………………………….............26 Census Socio-Economic Survey ………………………………….............26 Methodology and Data Base ………………………………….............27 Sources of Data ………………………………….............27 Update of Census information ………………………………….............27 Cut-Off Date ………………………………….............27 Major and Minor Impacts ………………………………….............28 Key Baseline indicators for major impact categories ………………………………….............29 Standard Characteristics of displaced households ………………………………….............30 Vulnerable Groups ………………………………….............30 Gender Issues ………………………………….............30 Tribal Issues ………………………………….............31 Socio- Economic Status of Tribal population ………………………………….............32 Consultation and Community Participation ………………………………….............32 Methodology ………………………………….............32 Key Findings of the Consultations ………………………………….............33 Perceived Positive Impact ………………………………….............35 Perceived Negative Impact ………………………………….............35 Levels of Consultation ………………………………….............36 Mitigation through realignments/bypasses and Design
Alteration ………………………………….............36 Design Cross- Sections ………………………………….............36 Mitigation through Design Cross Section ………………………………….............37 Road safety and Traffic Management measures ………………………………….............37 Magnitude of Impacts Cultural properties and CPRs ………………………………….............37 V CHAPTER:IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ………………………………….............39 Institutional Arrangements ………………………………….............39 Social development and Resettlement Cell (SDRC) –
KSHIP-II ………………………………….............39 SDRC and Staff Deployment ………………………………….............39 Protection of RoW ………………………………….............40 Valuation of other structures/assets ………………………………….............40 Roles and responsibilities of officials for RAP
implementation ………………………………….............41 Competent Authority for various Approval ………………………………….............44 Implementation support by NGOs ………………………………….............44 Monitoring and Evaluation ………………………………….............45 Internal monitoring ………………………………….............46 External monitoring ………………………………….............46 Concurrent Evaluation ………………………………….............46 End Impact Evaluation ………………………………….............48 Grievance Redressal Committee ………………………………….............49 Capacity Building and Training ………………………………….............50 Administering the payment of R&R Assistance ………………………………….............50 Development of Vendor markets ………………………………….............50 Development of Resettlement Centers ………………………………….............50 Tenurial Rights ………………………………….............51
Environmental Aspects ………………………………….............51 Social Aspects ………………………………….............51
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
iv
Basic amenities and facilities ………………………………….............51 Income restoration measures ………………………………….............52 Impact Categories and IR Schemes ………………………………….............52 IR Activities ………………………………….............52 Reconstruction of affected community structures ………………………………….............53 Data Base Management ………………………………….............53 Public consultations & disclosure ………………………………….............54 Co-ordination with civil works and certification ………………………………….............55 Implementation Schedule and Timing of Resettlement ………………………………….............56 Consultations during implementation ………………………………….............57
Resettlement implementation plan ………………………………….............58
Implementation guidelines ………………………………….............58
Budget and Costs ………………………………….............58
LIST OF TABLES
1.1 Project Roads …………………………………..............7 1.2 Summary Tables on Impacts …………………………………............10 2.1 Comparison of acts & policies with W B IR Policy ………………………………….............15 2.2 Entitlement Matrix ………………………………….............17
3.1 Land Acquisition Details ………………………………….............23 4.1 Distribution of PAFs ………………………………….............26 4.2 Cut off Date ………………………………….............28 4.3 PAFs by Major and Minor Impacts ………………………………….............29 4.4 Socio Economic information for Major Impact categories ………………………………….............29 4.5 Details of Consultation Meetings ………………………………….............33 4.6 Key Out Comes of Public Consultations and
Incorporating in Project Design ………………………………….............34 5.1 Administrative and Financial Responsibilities of officials
and Agencies for RAP implimentation ………………………………….............41 5.2 Competent Authority for Approvals ………………………………….............44 5.3 Monitoring Indicators for Physical Progress ………………………………….............47 5.4 Financial Indicators for Progress ………………………………….............47 5.5 Monitoring Of GRC ………………………………….............48 5.6 Impact Indicators ………………………………….............48 5.7 In house Training programme ………………………………….............50 5.8 Link wise schedule for handing over stretches to
Contractors ………………………………….............54 5.9 Disclosure & Consultations Highlights ……………………………………….. .55
5.10 Details Of Consultations Held ……………………………………….....56
5.11 Implementation Schedule ………………………………….............57 5.12 Budget ………………………………….............58 5.13 Unit Costs for R&R ………………………………….............58 5.14 R&R Unit Costs ………………………………….............59
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 1
ABBREVIATIONS AC Assistant Commissioner
ADSW Assistant Director Social Welfare
APL Above Poverty Line
BP Bank Policy
BPL Below Poverty Line
CAO Chief Administrative Officer
CPO Chief Project Officer
CPR Common Property Resources
COI Corridor of Impact
DC Deputy Commissioner
DPR Detail Project Report
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EWS Economically Weaker Section
FGD Focus Group Discussion
GOI Government of India
GOK Government of Karnataka
GRC Grievance Redressal Cell
HPCFRRI High Power Committee for Redressal of Regional
Imbalances
HDM Highway Design Module
ID Identity Card
IPDP Indigenous People Development Plan
IR Income Restoration
ITI Industrial Training Institute
KHA Karnataka Highways Act
KSHIP Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project
LAA Land Acquisition Act
LAO Land Acquisition Officer
LAP Land Acquisition Plan
MCA Multi Criteria Analysis
MRR Manager Rehabilitation &Resettlement
NH National Highway
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NPRRP National Policy on Resettlement & Rehabilitation
Policy
OP Operational Policy
PAF Project Affected Family
PAG Project Affected Group
PAP Project Affected Person
PIU Project Implementation Unit
PGB Project Governing Body
PHC Primary Health Center
PWD Public Works Department
PU Pre University
PGB Project Governing Body
RTC Record of Rights
R & R Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 2
RAP Resettlement Action Plan
ROW Right of Way
SIA Social Impact Assessment
SDO Social Development Officer
SDRC Social Development Resettlement Cell
SWI Social Welfare Inspector
SC Scheduled Caste
SR Schedule of Rates
ST Scheduled Tribes
SHG Self Help Group
SIA Social Impact Assessment
ToR Terms of Reference
UR Upgradation
WAP World Bank Annuity package
WEP World Bank Engineering Package
ZP Zilla Panchayat
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 3
GLOSSARY OF RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION TERMS
a. “Agricultural land” means lands being used for the purpose of :(i) agriculture or horticulture;
(ii) raising of crops, grass or garden produce; and (iii) land used by an agriculturist for the
grazing of cattle, but does not include land used for cutting of wood only;
b. Assistance refers to the support provided to PAPs in the form of ex-gratia payments, loans, asset
services, etc. in order to improve the standard of living and reduce the negative impacts of the
project.
c. Bagar Hukum land means government land which has been cultivated by formers and whose
application is pending for disposal before the competent authority.
d. Below poverty line or BPL Family” means below poverty line families as defined by the
Planning Commission of India, from time to time, and those included in the State BPL list in
force.
e. Compensation refers to the amount paid under The Karnataka Highways Act, 1964 and The
Karnataka Highways Rules, 1965, for private property, structures and other assets acquired for
the project. It refers to the amount as given in the Entitlement Matrix for the project.
f. Cut off Date: the date of Notification under Section 15 of Karnataka Highways Act, 1964 will
be the cut off date where the land acquisition will be required. For Non titleholders the date of
socio-economic survey will be considered as the cut off date.
g. Encroachers are those persons who have extended their building, business premises or work
places into government lands. Assistance will be provided to these persons, based on their loss.
h. “Family” includes a person, his or her spouse, minor sons, unmarried daughters, minor brothers,
unmarried sisters, father, mother and other relatives residing with him or her and dependent on
him or her for their livelihood; and includes “nuclear family” consisting of a person, his or her
spouse and minor children;
i. “Government” refers to the Government of Karnataka
j. “Land acquisition” or “”acquisition land” means acquisition of land under the Karnataka
Highways Act, 1964;
k. “Marginal farmer” means a cultivator with an unirrigated land holding up to one hectare or
irrigated land holding up to half hectare;
l. Major Impacts: are those persons who loose their total house or livelihood, or those who
become marginal farmers
m. Minor Impact: all other impacts which will be limited to one-time payment of cash or giving
advance notice.
n. Minimum Wages: The minimum wage of a person for his/her services/labour is Rs. 100 per day
as per Govt Notification NoLD96 LMW 2005 dated 30.07.2007.
o. Non-Perennial Crop: Any plant species, either grown naturally or through cultivation that lives
for a season and perishes with harvesting of its yields has been considered as a non-perennial
crop in the project. For example, paddy, sugarcane, groundnut, etc.
p. “Notification” means a notification published in the Gazette of India, or as the case may be, the
Gazette of State;
q. Perennial Crop: Any plant species that live for years and yields its products after a certain age
of maturity is a perennial crop. Generally trees, either grown naturally or by horticultural and
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 4
yield fruits or timber have been considered as perennial crop in the project. For example,
tamarind, coconut, mango, teak, neem etc. are perennial crops.
r. Project Affected Family (PAFs) means- (i) a family whose primary place of residence or other
property or source of livelihood is adversely affected by the acquisition of land for a project or
involuntary displacement due to any other reason; (ii) any tenure holder, tenant, lessee or owner
of other property, who on account of acquisition of land (including bagar Hukum or other
property) in the affected area of otherwise, has been involuntary displaced from such land or
other property; (iii) any agricultural or non-agricultural labourer, landless person (not having
homestead land or agricultural land) rural artisan, small trader or self-employed person; who has
been residing or engaged in any trade, business, occupation or vocation in the affected area, and
who has been deprived of earning his livelihood or alienated wholly or substantially from the
main source of his trade, business, occupation or vocation because of the acquisition of land in
the affected area or being involuntarily displaced for any other reason;
s. Project-Affected Persons (PAPs), any persons who have economic interests or residence within
the project impact corridor and who may be adversely affected directly by the project. Project-
affected persons include those displaced, those losing commercial or residential structures in whole
or part, those losing agricultural land or homesteads in whole or part, and those losing income
sources as a result of project action.
t. Replacement Cost of the acquired assets and property is the amount required for the affected
house hold to replace/reconstruct the lost assets through purchase in the open market.
Replacement cost will be calculated at PWDs current Schedule of Rates without depreciation.
Replacement cost will be in line with the provisos of the Entitlement Matrix of the project.
u. Severance of Land: Severance of Land can be defined of a land holding divided into two or
more pieces due to acquisition of land mainly for laying new project alignment, such as a bypass
or a re-alignment.
v. “Small farmer” means a cultivator with an un-irrigated land holding up to two hectares or with
an irrigated land holding up to one hectare, but more than the holding of a marginal farmer.
w. Squatter means those persons who have illegally occupied government lands for residential,
business and or other purposes.
x.
y. Tenants are those persons having bonafide tenancy agreements, written or unwritten, with a
private property owner with clear property titles, to occupy a structure or land for residence,
business or other purposes.
z. Vulnerable groups: persons such as disabled, widows, or persons above sixty years of age.
aa. Women Headed Household: A household that is headed by a woman and does not have a male
earning member is a Woman Headed Household. This woman may be a widowed, separated or
deserted person.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) – II, initial priority roads cover 826.6
kms. The aim of the project is to improve the performance of the State’s road transport network by
improving road conditions and capacity, and to improve the State’s capacity to plan, develop and
maintain the Karnataka roads network. All these road are planned for upgradation with a 7 m carriage
way. The 830.45 kms of roads will serve 14 districts and 30 taluks. According to the categorization
of taluks given in the High Power Committee for Redressal of Regional Imbalances Report of 2002,
the KSHIP –II covers (i) 8 most backward taluks (ii) 6 more backward taluk (iii) 8 backward taluks
and (iv) 8 relatively developed taluks. The KSHIP –II roads have been selected based on the
Feasibility Study conducted by the PWD for proposed KSHIP-II.
Census socio- economic surveys were conducted on the upgradation roads, for a Corridor of Impact
between 16 m and 22 m keeping in view the design requirements. According to the census survey
there are 3397 PAFs and 14,964 PAPs. Of the total Project Affected Families (PAFs), major impact is
on 1472 families, and minor impacts are on 1925 PAFs. The project will impact 1690 community
structure which will be relocated by the project authorities before demolition. There is no impact on
archaeological sites.
The Land Acquisition Plan has been completed for Packages WEP1, WEP2, WEP3, WEP 4, WEP5
and WAP1, Land acquisition for the project is estimated at 215.93 hectares of private land which
needs to be acquired and 9.36 hectares of government land which has to be transferred from other
Government Departments.
Public consultations were held in all the packages, focusing on areas of impact due to widening, at
places congestion with impacts on buildings and where major common property resources are getting
affected- such as any religious structures etc. The out come of the consultations were used to prepare
the Social Impact Assessment and for analysis of alternatives and minimizing negative impact of the
project. Outcome of consultations were incorporated at the Policy level and through designs. 25
meetings have been held. The consultations have helped in not only achieving the social assessment
objectives, but also assisted in gathering suggestions for mitigation of adverse impacts, improvement
in designs and facilitating inputs for the resettlement plan preparation and implementation.
The GOK will adopt a Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) Policy for KSHIP- II to address the
adverse impacts arising out of this project on the line of National Policy of Resettlement and
Rehabilitation 2007. The policy adopted for the project is consistent with the World Banks
Involuntary Resettlement Policy. This RAP is prepared in accordance with the stipulations and guide-
lines provided in Public Works Departmental Code Government of Karnataka1, and the project
specific Resettlement and Rehabilitation: - Principles and Policy Framework for the Karnataka State
Highways Improvement Project, The National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy 2007 and The
World Bank Policy as given in Operational Policy 4.12. In addition to the above measures, realizing
the need of infrastructure development like roads in timely manner, the PWD GOK has decided to
acquire the land through the legislation called “The Karnataka Highways Act 1964”(KHA,1964). The
KHA, 1964 provides the opportunity to acquire the land through consent award. It is expected that
land acquisition under this Act will help the PAPs to receive the market price/replacement cost of land
as compensation. The GOK has already completed the process of establishing the Negotiation
Committee. The role of the committee will be to negotiate the price of land with the beneficiary. The
guidance value of the land will be considered for negotiation. Minimum negotiated price for the
1 The Code preparation is in progress
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 6
Districts of Bangalore Urban, Bangalore Rural, Chikkaballapur, Ramnagaram and Corporation /
Municipal limits of other districts HQs will be 1.5 times the Guidance Value. For all other areas other
than those mentioned above the minimum negotiated price will be 2 times the guidance value or
average sales statistics, whichever is higher.
Some of the entitlements include payment of compensation through negotiation according to the
KHA; additional assistance for those becoming marginal farmers; eligibility of bagar hukum land
losers; grant for replacement of cattle shed; alternative house or developed plot +construction cost
for those losing house; additional 25% compensation for partially affected structures towards
reconstruction; income generating assets up to Rs.75,000 for those losing commercial structures;
Rental allowance for tenants; non titleholders to get alternate house or developed plot + construction
cost, for commercial structures alternate shop or income generating asset; employees losing
livelihood will be given a one time payment; vulnerable groups including physically challenged and
those above 60 years will be given a lump sum amount as assistance; and all community assets will be
replaced and reconstructed.
This RAP will be implemented by Karnataka PWD-PIU Social Development Resettlement Cell with
support from NGOs. The Special DC LA will be responsible for land acquisition activities and the
Chief Administrative Officer will be responsible for all Resettlement and rehabilitation works. A
grievance redressal cell will be constituted. The grievance redressal process specifies procedures for
registering and addressing complaints including appeal mechanisms. The Government of Karnataka
has initiated the process of establishing a 3 member Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) with the
Deputy Commissioner as the Chairman in each project district. An independent agency will be hired
for Monitoring and Evaluation of implementation of the Resettlement Action Plan. It shall access the
implementation of the RAP, monitor their schedules and achievement of targets and evaluate the
outcomes of social development objectives of the project.
The RAP provides the implementation schedule which is linked to the commencement of civil works.
The RAP will be implemented over a period of 3 years starting from the date of approval.
Implementation activities include land acquisition process, relocation and rehabilitation and
monitoring. Various income restoration schemes have been identified during the course of social
survey and the public consultations, which have been integrated for income restoration
The estimated total budget for the implementation of RAP is Rs. 147.83 Crore.
The RAP Executive summary and the R&R policy have been disclosed through public consultations.
The meetings were held at H. Cross on 11.02.2010; Sangur on 17.02.2010; Harobelavadi on
18.02.2010;Lakkikoppa on 20.02.1010; Jalahalli on 23.02.2010 and Gabbur (B) on 24.02.2010. The
feed back from the consultations have been incorporated in the R&R Policy. The RAP has been
disclosed through the PWD, Government of Karnataka Website. In addition, copies will be kept in: (i)
State Government Library at Bangalore; (ii) - District libraries of the 14 districts of the project; and
(iii) in the Panchayat offices along the project roads. The RAP document will also be available at the
World Bank Info Shop at Washington DC and New Delhi as per the Disclosure Requirements of BP
17.50 of the WB.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 7
CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION
Background
1.1. The Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) – II, initial priority roads cover
830.45 kms. All these road are planned for upgradation with a 7 m carriage way. Upgradation will
have direct /indirect impact on the population along the project corridor. Common property resources,
residential structures, commercial structures are likely to be affected. Non-titleholders within the
ROW are likely to be displaced.
Description of the project
1.2. The 830.45 kms of roads will serve 14 districts and 30 taluks. According to the categorization
of taluks given in the High Power Committee for Redressal of Regional Imbalances Report of 2002,
the KSHIP –II covers (i) 8 most backward taluks (ii) 6 more backward taluk (iii) 8 backward taluks
and (iv) 8 relatively developed taluks. The KSHIP –II roads have been selected based on the
Feasibility Study conducted by the PWD for proposed KSHIP-II. The 830.45 km of roads for
upgradation were selected through a detailed economic, social2 (the details of selection process of
roads can be seen from Social Impact Assessment report), environmental and technical criteria using
the Highway Design Module programme (HDM-IV), covering 4887 kms. The location Map of the
packages has been provided in Annex1.1.
Table 1.1: Project Roads
Contract
Package Link Description of Links
Length
(KM) Contract
WEP1 67A Hoskote - H Cross (Hindgnala Cross) 23.5 EPC3
67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass (Corridor 65F
Junctn) 28.9 EPC
WEP2 M7D Hangal – Tadasa 43.46 EPC
T8 Haveri (NH4) – Hangal 31.8 EPC
WEP3 21B Dharwad – Saundatti 38.5 EPC
WEP4 13A
Tinthini - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud –
Devadurga 32.45
EPC
2 Multi-Criteria Analysis and Corridor selection
Selection of road corridors for inclusion in the proposed project has been determined mainly on economic efficiency criteria, using the HDM-4 model. But there are other criteria that are not included in that analysis, or not dealt with adequately. Therefore the economic
efficiency ranking was modified by means of multi-criteria analysis (MCA).
Two additional criteria addressing social impacts have been introduced:
Redressal of regional imbalances.
Improved taluk connectivity.
These are important objectives of State Government policy, and road construction or improvement is one of the key means of addressing
them. These objectives and the approach to accommodating them in the MCA are explained below.
A third social criterion was considered: assistance to members of scheduled tribes to access essential services and enter the mainstream
economy. But it was concluded that:
Along the project roads the ST population is already integrated with the general population, rather than living in distinct and isolated communities.
Any disadvantages suffered by the ST population were already taken into account as regional imbalances.
3 EPC –Engineering Procurement Contract- this constitutes item rate contract. In EPC contract design responsibility rests with the employer.
In all these contracts contractor shall quote item wise rate in the bill of quantities. During execution of contracts the contractor shall raise every month his bills through interim payment certificate (IPC). After completion of the contract contractor shall maintain project for one
year from the date of completion.
Annuity – In Annuity contracts employer shall provide the available DPR to the Bidder. The bidder has to make his own assessment/surveys and own designs before bidding. Successful bidder has to make his own financial arrangements through Escrow Agreement to execute the
project. Total concession period is 10 years including construction period. After the completion of the project the contractor has to maintain
the project for 7 years.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 8
Contract
Package Link Description of Links
Length
(KM) Contract
13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 41.35 EPC
WEP5 6C Chowdapur – Gulbarga 28.63 EPC
Total EPC Contracts 268.59
WAP1 63A Malavalli – Maddur 22.8 ANNUITY
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 27.53 ANNUITY
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 21.11 ANNUITY
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 35.19 ANNUITY
63E Tumkur – Koratagere 27.89 ANNUITY
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 20.02 ANNUITY
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada 35.79 ANNUITY
WAP2 19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 19.17 ANNUITY
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 42.34 ANNUITY
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 18.41 ANNUITY
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani 28.01 ANNUITY
WAP3 T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-206) 32.24 ANNUITY
M7A Shimoga - Savalanga – Shikaripura 49.79 ANNUITY
M7B Shikaripur - Shiralakoppa - Togarsi 45.41 ANNUITY
M7C Anvatti - Gondi – Hangal 26.21 ANNUITY
WAP4 10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 61.30 ANNUITY
10B Talikota - Hunasagi – Devapur 48.65 ANNUITY
Total Annuity Contract 561.86
Total Project Road (EPC + Annuity) 830.45
Physical Characteristics of the project area
1.3. The project roads cut across the entire State of Karnataka, with each of the road sections
having distinct characteristics. The eighth largest state of India, Karnataka is situated in the south of
India. It is ranked eighth both area and population wise. Karnataka is located on the western end of
the Deccan plateau, encircled by the state of Maharashtra and Goa on the north, Andhra Pradesh on
the east, and Tamil Nadu and Kerala on the south. The Arabian Sea is on the west. Karnataka has
representatives of all types of variations in topography – high mountains, plateaus, residual hills and
coastal plains. The State is enclosed by chains of mountains to its west, east and south. It consists
mainly of plateau which has higher elevation of 600 to 900 meters above mean sea level. The entire
landscape is undulating broken up by mountains and deep ravines. Plain land of elevation less than
300 meters above mean sea level is to be found only in the narrow coastal belt, facing the Arabian
Sea. There are quite a few high peaks both in Western and Eastern Ghat systems with altitudes more
than 1,500 meters. A series of cross-sections drawn from west to east across the Western Ghat
generally exhibit, a narrow coastal plain followed to the east by small and short plateaus at different
altitudes, then suddenly rising upto great heights. Then follows the gentle east and east-north-west
sloping plateau. Among the tallest peaks of Karnataka are the Mullayyana Giri (1,925m),
Bababudanagiri (Chandradrona Parvata, 1,894 m) and the Kudremukh (1,895 m) all in Chikkamagalur
district and the Pushpagiri (1,908 m) in Kodagu district. There are a dozen peaks which rise above the
height of 1,500 meters. The percentage of area coming under different elevations is as follows: less
than 150 metres-5.16; 150 to 300 metres-1.95; 300 to 600 metres-43.51; 600 to 1,350 metres-48.84
and more than 1,350 metres-0.57.
The State has four physiographic regions. The roads selected for KSHIP –II passes through the
regions mentioned below:
1.4. Northern Karnataka Plateau: Northern Karnataka Plateau comprises of the districts of
Belgaum, Bidar, Bijapur, Bagalkot and Gulbarga. It is largely composed of Deccan Trap. It represents
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 9
& monotonous treeless extensive plateau landscape with a general elevation of 300 to 600 meters
from the mean sea level. However the river plains of the Krishna, the Bhima, the Ghataprabha and the
Malaprabha with the intervening watersheds, the step like landscapes, lateritic scarpments, residual
hills and ridges break the monotony of this extensive plateau. The general slope is towards east and
this region is largely covered with rich black cotton soils (Expansive Soil). The roads covered in this
region are: Package WEP5, Chowdapur – Gulbarga, WAP2, Mudhol – Mahalingapur, Mahalingpur –
Kabbur, Kabbur – Chikodi, Chikodi – Nippani and WAP4, Managuli – Talikota and Talikota –
Devapur. In this region, major crops grown are Tobacco, Sugar cane, Jawar, Sunflower, Toor,
Groundnut, Soya bean and maize.
1.5. Central Karnataka Plateau: Central Karnataka Plateau covers the districts of Bellary,
Chikkamagalur, Chitradurga, Davanagere, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, Raichur, Koppal and Shimoga.
The region represents the transitional surface between the Northern Karnataka Plateau with relatively
higher surface. By and large, this region represents the area of Tungabhadra basin. The general
elevation varies between 450 and 700 meters. However, this transitional ground is broken by several
sets of parallel ridges mainly made up of Dharwar system of rocks. The height of such residual hills is
about 900 meters above mean sea level. The general slope of this region is towards the east. The roads
covered in this region are: WEP2, Hanagal – Tadasa, Haveri – Hanagal, WEP3, Dharwad – Saundatti,
WEP4, Tinthini – Devadurga and Devadurga – Kalmala. The major crops growing in these places are
Sunflower, Paddy, Maize, Groundnut, Cotton, Flowers, Wheat, Ragi, Bajra, Chillies, Coconut and
Arecanut.
1.6. Southern Karnataka Plateau: Southern Karnataka Plateau covers the districts of Bangalore,
Bangalore Rural, Hassan, Kodagu, Kolar, Mandya, Mysore, Chamarajanagar and Tumkur. This
region largely covers the area of the Cauvery basin lying in Karnataka. It is bounded by 600 meters
contour and is characterized by a higher degree of slope. In the west and south it is enclosed by the
ranges of Western Ghats and the northern part is an interrupted but clearly identifiable high plateau. In
the east the valleys of the Cauvery and its tributaries open out to form undulating plains. The general
elevation of the region varies from 600 to 900 meters. However residual heights of 1,500 to 1,750
meters are found in the Biligirirangan hills of Mysore district and the Brahmagiri range of Kodagu
district. The roads covered in this region are: WEP1, Hoskote – H Cross, H Cross – Chintamani,
WAP1, Malavalli –Maddur, Maddur – Huliyurdurga, Huliyurdurga – Kunigal, Kunigal- Tumkur,
Tumkur – Koratgere, Koratgere – Madhugiri and Madhugiri – Pavagada. In this region major crops
grown are Sugarcane, Paddy, Ragi, Coconut, Areca nut, Vegetables, Groundnut, Mulbury plants and
Maize. Kolar district is famous for sericulture, diary and Gold mining.
1.7. Karnataka Coastal Region: The Karnataka Coastal Region, which extends between the
Western Ghats edge of the Karnataka Plateau in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west, covers
Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Uttar Kannada districts. There are no roads under this projects in the
coastal region
Magnitude of impacts
1.8. The project will impact 14964 PAPs and 3397 PAFs. Of the total affected families major
impact of the project is on 1472 families and minor impacts on 1925 families. Major impacts are
where the PAF is either displaced due to the loss of house or has lost his means of livelihood, either
agricultural or commercial. The total private land acquisition for the project is 215.93 ha, and Govt.
land to be transferred is 9.36.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 10
Table 1.2: Summary Tables on Impacts
Contract
Package
Land
Acquisition-
Private(ha)
Land
Transfer –
Government
( ha)
Major
Impact
-PAFs
Minor
impact
-PAFs
Community
Assets (Nos) PAFs PAPs
WEP1 0.82 0.26 28 44 74 72 337
WEP2 25.56 3.03 85 688 168 773 4695
WEP3 4.38 0.36 32 147 44 179 997
WEP4 0.08 0 147 65 117 212 715
WEP5 1.12 0 28 26 57 54 301
WAP1 78.43 5.68 349 406 736 755 3349 587*
WAP2 33.42 0 343 130 165 473 1690 570*
WAP3 70.35 0 215 325 223 540 1706 593*
WAP4 1.77 0.03 245 94 106 339 1174 151
TOTAL 215.93 9.36 1472 1925 1690 3397 14964 1901*
*This is estimated to help assess the likely PAFs losing land for Annuity contracts only. Also used for budget
estimates. For the EPC roads all information is inclusive of structure and land losers/
Resettlement Implementation Plan and updation of survey information
1.9. Package wise Resettlement Implementation Plan will be prepared on the completion of the
Land Acquisition Plans and prior to invitation of bids. These plans will cover all information
concerned with land acquisition and R&R issues for the particular package; baseline census surveys
and consultations and implementation mechanisms.
Objectives
1.10. This Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is a project specific RAP, which outlines the extent of
impacts due to road improvements on communities and the mitigation of the potential impacts. It
details necessary implementation procedures for resettlement and rehabilitation. This RAP is prepared
in accordance with the stipulations and guide-lines provided in Public Works Departmental Code
Government of Karnataka,4, and the project specific Resettlement and Rehabilitation: - Principles and
Policy Framework for the Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II funded by the World
Bank, The National Resettlement and Resettlement Policy and Bill 2007 and The World Banks
Operational Policy 4.12 and 4.10. As the land acquisition plans are completed for packages, WEP1,
WEP2, WEP 3, WEP 4, WEP 5 and WAP1 the total number of Title holder PAPs will be updated on
the completion of all the LAPs. The Census of those losing land will be done after the completion of
LAPs, as before the completion of the LAP it is not possible to identify the land loser. With in this
given background the objective of RAP is:
a. To Identify adverse impacts and determine how they could be overcome or substantially
mitigated with the implementation of Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project-II;
b. To present the entitlements for the affected persons for payment of compensation and assistance
for establishing the livelihoods and ;
c. To present an action plan for the delivery of compensation and assistance in accordance with the
policy adopted for the project.
d. To prepare an action plan for the project affected people for improving or at least retaining the
living standards in the post resettlement period.
4 PWD Departmental Code is in the process of being finalized.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 11
Approach to Resettlement Planning
1.11. During the census survey it was seen that road widening and improvement will have some
impact on residences, businesses, shrines, places of worship, agricultural land, community assets.
Most of the infrastructure work planned for the project as far as possible will take place within the
established ROW. In most cases, the land required for the project is immediately adjacent to the
current carriageway. The additional land required by the project falls under several classifications:
(i)Public land owned by the State Government and administered by other Departments such as
Revenue; (ii) Public land owned by villages or other local governments; and (iii) Private land.
The RAP is prepared to ensure that:
a. The displaced persons are: (i) informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement;
(ii) consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically
feasible resettlement alternatives; and (iii) provided prompt and effective compensation at full
replacement cost for losses of assets attributable directly to the project;
b. Displaced persons are: (i) provided assistance (such as shifting allowance, transition allowance,
economic rehabilitation grant etc.) during relocation; and (ii) provided with residential housing,
or housing sites, or, as required compensated for agricultural sites;
c. To ensure that displaced persons are : i) offered support after displacement, for a transition
period, to restore their livelihood and standards of living; (ii) provide with development
assistance in addition to compensation measures, such as credit facilities, training, or job
opportunities; and (iii) at least improving or retaining the living standards in the post
resettlement period.
Right of Way and Corridor of Impact
1.12. The Right of Way is the lawfully acquired corridor of public land owned by the State
Government and administered by the PWD for the transit of the existing road. Using available records
with the PWD and the Revenue Department, the social team verified the boundaries of private
properties within and in the vicinity of likely corridor of impact. The preparation of the Land
Acquisition Plan is being facilitated through the verification of land records, updated records for the
ownership of land.
1.13. For this project, preparation of RAP associated with displacement is limited to the corridor of
impact. The corridor of impact is the width required for the actual construction of the road, including
carriageway, shoulder, embankments and longitudinal drainage. Within this corridor there should be
no structures or hindrances. The objective of social input to project design is to ensure that the
corridor of impact is reduced, within acceptable design principles and standards, to minimise
displacement and other project impacts. Those affected between the Corridor of Impact and Right of
Way during the lifetime of the project will be assisted in line with this project Entitlement Policy, if
they are required to be affected for any additional work required for this project.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 12
CHAPTER II - LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND RESETTLEMENT POLICY PROVISIONS
2.1 This chapter provides an overview of the applicable policy and Acts for the Project.
The National Policy on Resettlement and Rehabilitation for Project Affected Families, 2007
2.2 Till recent time, in India, there were no safeguard policy to deal with resettlement and
rehabilitation of displaced persons. There was no uniform approach adopted by states towards the
displaced persons (DPs) and PAPs. In the absence of central policies, ad hoc administrative
instructions, in conformity with the land acquisition act was in practice. In 2007 the GOI developed a
National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy. This was developed taking into the consideration
the safeguard policies of international development bodies like the World Bank, Asian Development
Bank etc, "The National Policy on Resettlement and Rehabilitation for Project Affected Families,
2007" (NRRP) came into effect in October 2007. The salient feature and the statements of the NRRP
policy are as followings:
(i) SIA shall be mandatory for all projects involving displacement of four hundred or more families
en masses in plain areas, or two hundred or more families en masses in tribal or hilly areas etc.
Co-ordination with EIA in the context of the public hearing done in the project affected area for
EIA shall also cover issues related to SIA.
(ii) Consultations with affected people and disclosure of relevant information to them at various
stages of resettlement planning;
(iii) Affected people without legal rights also need to be assisted (affected people categorized landless
agricultural workers, forest dwellers, tenants and artisans who are critically dependent on the
acquired assets for their subsistence/ livelihoods);
(iv) Prepare resettlement plans that are disclosed to the affected people in draft form, and reviewed
and approved by competent authorities;
(v) Collection of socio economic base line for project affected households;
(vi) Project displaced persons (whose entire land is taken) will receive land in lieu of his loss. In
addition to their loss cash assistance will be paid for regaining livelihood;
(vii) Vulnerable project affected people will get extra cash/kind assistance;
(viii) The Grievance Redressal Cell shall have representatives of women, Schedule Castes Schedule
tribes residing in the affected zone. The Cell shall have the power to consider and dispose of all
complaints relating to resettlement and rehabilitation against the decision of the
Administrator/R&R Committee at Project level;
(ix) A monitoring cell should be constituted under the project.
(x) Each project affected family comprising of rural artisan/small trader and self employed person
shall get one-time financial assistance for construction of working shed/shop for livelihood
support.
The Land Acquisition (LA) Act of 1894
2.3 The Land Acquisition (LA) Act of 1984 is commonly used for acquisition of land for any
public purpose. It is used at the State level with State amendments made to suit local requirements.
Expropriation of and compensation for land, houses and other immovable assets are carried out under
the Land Acquisition (Amendment) Act, 1984. The Act deals with compulsory acquisition of private
land for public purpose. The procedures set out include: (i)Preliminary notification(Section 4);
(ii)Declaration of Notification (Section 6); (iii) Notice to persons interested (Section 9); (iv)Enquiry
and award (Section 11); (v)Possession (Section 16).
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 13
2.4 The 1984 amendments to the LA Act addressed the matter of compensation and delays in
payment. As regards, the level of compensation, the rate of solatium was increased from 15 per cent
to 30 per cent. For delays, the amendment requires that:
(i) A time of one year was fixed for completing all formalities between the issuance of Section 4
and Section 6; and
(ii) The compensation award must be determined within two years of the issuing of section 6
notification. Interest is payable at a rate of 12 per cent per year from the date of preliminary
notification to the date of dispossession. These changes apply to cases before the Civil Courts
even for awards made before the enactment of the amendments.
OP/BP 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement
2.7 Since the project will be financed by the World Bank, Operational Policy 4.12 will apply to this
project. The key provisions of the policy are given below:
(a) Ensure that the displaced persons are informed about their options and rights pertaining to
resettlement;
(b) Consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically feasible
resettlement alternatives;
(c) Prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets;
(d) Provide assistance and allowances;
(e) Provide equivalent productive assets for the loss of residential house, agricultural land etc.;
(f) Provide support for the transition period (between displacement and livelihood restoration);
(g) Provide land related development assistance (credit facilities, training and job opportunities);
(h) Preference should be given to land based resettlement strategies for displaced persons whose
livelihoods are land-based;
(i) Cash compensation level should be sufficient to replace the lost land and assets at full
replacement cost in local markets;
(j) Eligibility of Benefits include, the PAPs who have formal legal rights to land (including
customary and traditional land rights recognised under law), the PAPs who don't have formal
legal rights to land at the time of census but have a claim to such land or assets and the PAPs who
have no recognisable legal right to the land they are occupying;
(k) Particular attention will be paid to the needs of vulnerable groups among those displaced,
especially those below the poverty line, landless, elderly, women and children, ethnic minorities
etc;
(l) The displaced persons and their communities will be provided timely and relevant information,
consulted on resettlement options, and offered opportunities to participate in planning,
implementing, and monitoring resettlement. Appropriate and accessible grievance mechanisms
are established for these groups
2.8 In addition to the above core measures on the bank's policy it also laid emphasis on a detailed
resettlement policy inclusive of all the above points; project specific resettlement plan; institutional
framework for implementation; monitoring and evaluation mechanism; time schedule for
implementation; and, detailed Financial Plan etc;
OP/BP 4.10 - Indigenous People
2.9 The OP / BP 4.10, is applicable to indigenous peoples. The directive provides policy guidance
to: a) ensure that indigenous people benefit from development projects, and b) avoid or mitigate
potentially adverse effects on indigenous people, tribes, ethnic minorities, or other groups. It provides
directives for preparation of indigenous people development plan (IPDP). The pre requisite for
successful IPDP includes:
Prepare a plan based on people's choice;
Avoid or mitigate adverse trends;
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 14
Development activities adaptable to the needs and environment of indigenous people; and,
Encourage early hand over of project management to local people.
2.10 The OP 4.10 elaborates the contents and the component of the IPDP. Appropriate existing
institutions, local organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with expertise in matters
relating to indigenous people should implement the plan. The IPDP for indigenous people should
include: (i) Assessment of legal framework; (ii) Baseline data; (iii) Land tenure; (iv) Strategy for local
participation; (v) Technical identification of development or mitigation activities; (vi) Institutional
capacity; (vii) Implementation Schedule; (viii) Monitoring and evaluation; and,(ix) Cost estimates and
financial plan.
“Indigenous Peoples” is used in a generic sense to refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural
group possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees:
a) self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this
identity by others;
b) collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area
and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories.
c) customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate from those of the
dominant society and culture; and
d) an indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country or region.
A group that has lost "collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories
in the project area"; because of forced severance remains eligible for coverage under this policy.
IPDP is not required for the project.
Public Works Department Code5
2.11 The PWD, GoK has a set of Departmental Code, which covers the procedures and rules to be
followed for all civil works of the Department including roads, bridges, building and irrigation. The
rules and procedures in the Code have to be followed by all other quasi government bodies and
agencies- with modification as required, approved by the concerned Agency/Board etc. The Code is
being updated with the Land Acquisition procedure and the principles and guidelines to be followed
for the people being displaced and by any civil works of the Department.
Karnataka Highway Act 1964
2.12 In addition to the above measures, realizing the need of infrastructure development like roads
in timely manner, the PWD GOK has decided to acquire the land in KSHIP –II through the “The
Karnataka Highways Act 1964”(KHA,1964) instead of using the Land Acquisition Act of 1894.
Chapter III on Land Acquisition and Compensation Payment discusses the KHA. The process of
compensation is further elaborated in Chapter III.
5 In the process of finalization
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 15
Comparison of National and State Policies with World Banks IR Policy
2.13 The National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy of 2007 (NRRP-2007) , represents a
significant milestone in the development of a systematic approach to address resettlement issues in
India and closes significantly the gap between Indian national policies and those of World Banks. The
Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 (as amended in 1984) gives directives for the acquisition of land
in the public interest and provides benefits only to titleholders. The LAA also does not provide
replacement cost for the loss of land and assets. By contrast, the NRRP recognizes non-titleholders,
although the basic requirement is for the non-titleholder to have been in the project-affected area at
least 3 years prior to the declaration of the area as an affected area. In Karnataka there are various
project level R&R Policies. The KSHIP policy tries to address any gaps in the existing policies which
are relevant for the project.
Table 2.1: Comparison of gaps in various Acts and Policies with World banks IR policy
LA NRRP-2007 World Bank KSHIP Policy
Cut off
Date for
Assistance
3 years prior to date
of survey for Non
titleholders and the
date of section 15
notification for
titleholders.
Date of survey will be
considered as cut off
for Non titleholders
and the date of
section 15
notification for
titleholder.
Date of survey will be
considered as cut off for
Non titleholders and the date
of section 15 notification for
titleholder.
Social
Impact
Assessment
Mandates SIA
survey for 400 or
more getting
displaced en masse
in plain area or more
than 200 families in
hilly area
Requires socio-
economic studies –
no minimum
threshold prescribed.
A detailed SIA has been done
for this project; The
recommendations of the SIA
have helped to frame the
entitlement matrix and RAP.
1. Realignments have been
considered based on SIA.
2. Compensation to be based
on replacement cost.
3. Alternative houses to be
provided, for those losing
house.
4. Alternative borewells to be
provided by the projects/
Replacement
Cost of land
No
replacement
cost of land
Provides for
alternative lands;
where not possible
monetary
compensation
Provides for
replacement cost of
land
Provides for replacement cost
(compensation)of land
through negotiations as per
KHA and other transitional
support
Assistance
to tenants
losing
commercial
and
residential
structures
No direct mention of
assistance to tenants
losing commercial
and residential
structures
This is covered. Provides assistance to tenants
losing commercial and
residential structures.
2.14 Taken together, The KSHIP Policy will establish near equivalence of World Banks IR Policy.
Adoption of the above principles for the project would ensure that the policies would mesh in their
application to this project.
KSHIP –II Policy
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 16
2.15 The National, State and Departmental Code provides for the framework for resettlement and
rehabilitation activities. However, within the context of the above mentioned policy frameworks a
project specific Resettlement Policy has been prepared. The project policy has been evolved through a
number of discussions by PIU. Good practices of the other States have also been taken into
consideration in addition to considering the relevant policy provisions and entitlements under each
category of loss mentioned in National Policy for Resettlement and Rehabilitation 2007.
Impacts and Entitlements
2.16 This policy addresses the direct and indirect impacts of project construction and operation on
affected persons, families, households, communities, and groups. The most direct and immediate
impacts are those associated with project construction, mainly land acquisition. Other losses include
loss of shelter, and other assets within the project’s corridor of impact; as well as roadside structure,
business establishments and public facilities. Mitigation is provided through compensation and
assistance to project-affected persons, families, households, and groups. These social units are entitled
to compensation and assistance on the basis of this policy framework adopted by the project. The
policy provides mitigation for:
loss of assets, including land and house or work place;
loss of livelihood or income opportunities; and
Collective impacts on groups, such as loss of community assets, common property resources, and
others.
2.17 Loss of assets and livelihood are impact categories that represent direct project impacts on an
identified population. The people likely to be affected will be surveyed and registered, and project
monitoring and evaluation will compare long-term impact against baseline socio-economic data.
Collective impacts on groups represent direct and indirect impacts, where group members need not be
individually registered. Group-oriented gains and losses in this category are less quantifiable in terms
of impacts on the individual. Mitigation and support mechanisms are collectively oriented, and the
monitoring of these efforts will examine the impact and benefits for the groups involved. The
entitlements are reasonably adequate to achieve the goal of income improvement, or at least
restoration. The GOK from time to time will make amendments in this policy as and when required.
Corridor of Impact
2.18 Right of Way is the lawfully acquired corridor of public land owned by the State Government
and administered by the PWD for the transit of the existing road. Using available records with the
PWD and the Revenue Department, the project will verify the boundaries of the legal right of way as
well as boundaries of private properties within and in the vicinity of the likely Corridor of Impact.
Displacement under the project will be limited to the corridor required for the road and its safety zone.
This corridor is referred to as the Corridor of Impact. Within this corridor, there should be no
structures or other hindrances. The advantage of this approach is that such a corridor is easier to
maintain free of encumbrances than the full Right of Way. Where the COI is beyond the RoW land
acquisition will be required.
Targeted support to vulnerable groups
2.19 The project will develop target assistance for groups such as women-headed households,
disabled, widow and persons above the age of 60 years. Attention will be given on a case by case
basis, with regard to their rehabilitation, livelihood, educational opportunities, vocational training, etc.
Option and Choices
2.20 The project will provide options and choices among different entitlements to the affected
population. As part of the project consultation and participation mechanisms, people will be informed
and consulted about the project and its impacts, and their entitlements and options. The affected
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 17
population will be counseled so that they are able to make informed choices among the options
provided.
Principles
2.21 This policy is based on the principle that the population affected by the project will be
assisted to improve their former living standards. The policy emphasizes that involuntary resettlement
will be avoided or minimized where possible by exploring other alternative project designs. Where
displacement is unavoidable, people loosing assets, livelihood or other resources shall be assisted in
improving their former living standards. The policy document describes the details of entitlements
and type of assistance to be extended to the affected persons, which will become the basis for
preparing a detailed and time bound Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The RAP will contain the
implementation details on how to ensure that principles and provisions of this policy can be
implemented. The Resettlement Action Plan will describe the approach to be followed in minimizing
and mitigating negative social and economic impacts caused by the project, including displacement.
2.22 This policy identifies categories of expected project impacts, including loss of property and
assets, loss of livelihood, and other social and economic impacts on groups and roadside communities.
All people, households and groups adversely affected by the project would be registered and support
will be given in accordance with these policy provisions.
Entitlement Matrix
2.23 The entitlement matrix will guide to offer compensation and assistance to those persons affected
by the project. The detailed entitlement matrix for the project is given in Table 2.1.
Table 2.2: Entitlement Matrix
No Impact
category Entitlements Remarks
I. Title Holders
(a) Loss of land 1. Compensation through
negotiation as per Karnataka
State Highway Act, 1964;
2. Amount equivalent to current
stamp duty and registration
charges on compensation
Minimum negotiated price for
the Districts of Bangalore
Urban, Bangalore Rural,
Chikkaballapur,
Ramnagaram, and Corporation
/ Municipal limits of other
district HQs will be 1.5 times
the Guidance Value. For all
other areas other than those
mentioned above the minimum
negotiated price will be 2 times
the Guidance Value.7 OR
average sales statistics, which
ever is higher8
The entitlement in Sl. No2 ,
will available to those consent
awards only
7 Revised Guidance Value of the properties in Bangalore Urban, Bangalore Rural, Chikkaballpur, Ramanagaram
and Corporation/Municipal limits is 2-3 times higher than the earlier Guidance Value. Hence 1.5 times the
Guidance Value is proposed as minimum negotiated price. In other areas ratio of revision is reasonably low,
hence 2 times the Guidance Value is proposed as minimum price.
8 The average Sales Statistics is in line with LA Amendment Bill. In the LA Amendment Bill there are different
modalities in determining and assessing the market value, any one among them would be adopted wherein the
land loser gets the maximum market value.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 18
No Impact
category Entitlements Remarks
amount;
3. Additional 25% compensation in
case remaining land is severed;
4. Crop/tree damage compensation
as assessed by concerned
Departments;
5. A grant of Rs. 15,000 for
replacement of Cattle shed;
6. Water yielding bores will be
replaced in the remaining land
holding subject to availability of
water (location of the borewell
will be identified by the affected
person in the remaining land
holding. In case water is not
available replacement cost of the
borewell at current PWD SR
rates + 30% solatium will be
given) ;
7. In case land owners becomes
landless or marginal families, the
following additional entitlements
will be offered: (a) subsistence
allowance of Rs.30,000 for land
less and marginal; and, (b)
assistance for creating Income
generation asset valued upto
Rs.75,000 for those becoming
marginal farmers and landless
only;
8. Additional amount of Rs.20,0006
will be restricted to those who
loose narrow stretch of land as
additional compensation in lieu
of all other benefits. Additional
amount of Rs 20,000 to those
who loose more than a narrow
stretch and are not eligible for
any other additional benefits.
9. In case of Bagar hukum lands -
50% of compensation and other
benefits as available for land
owners.
10. For those becoming landless and
all marginal farmers training
assistance will be provided for
income generating vocational
training and skill upgradation
options as per affected persons
choice ;
11. Employment opportunity for
affected persons as per his skills
and availability of suitable work
in road construction work.
Bagar Hukum land losers are
those whose application is
pending for disposal with
Competent Authority
(Tahsildar) and are cultivating
the affected lands at the time of
acquisition. A certification
from Tahsildar is required for
such applicants to receive
applicable entitlements
12. The NGO will ensure linkages
of the trained persons to
ongoing programmes, to
facilitate employment and
marketing opportunities.
6 Narrow stretch of land is defined as persons losing upto 5 guntas of land.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 19
No Impact
category Entitlements Remarks
(b) Loss of
Residential
structures
1. Compensation at current PWD
scheduled rates without
depreciation and 30% solatium
2. Alternative houses in
resettlement colony or developed
plot9 and construction cost of Rs.
40,000 linked to construction
progress.
3. Additional 25% compensation for
partially affected structures
towards reconstruction
4. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
5. Subsistence allowance of Rs.
30,000
In case more than 25% of
house is affected and unviable
for retaining, full compensation
will be paid
Resettlement colonies will be
developed if more than 20
families are displaced in 2 Kms
continuous stretch
Plot size will be equivalent to
size lost subject to a maximum
of 369 sqmt/1200sqft in rural
area and 184 sqmts /600 sqft in
urban areas.
People have right to salvage
the affected materials.
(c) Loss of
commercial
structures
1. Compensation at current PWD
scheduled rates without
depreciation and 30% solatium
2. Alternative shop or assistance for
income generation asset valuated
upto Rs. 75,000
3. Additional 25% compensation for
partially affected structures
4. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
5. Subsistence allowance of Rs.
30,000
Shopping units with 100-150
sq.ft will be constructed if
more than 20 shops are
affected in a continuous stretch
of 2 kms and opt for shop.
People have right to salvage
the affected materials
Training for self employment
will be provided to one adult
per family as needed
(d) Loss of
residential cum
commercial
structures
1. Compensation at current PWD
scheduled rates without
depreciation and 30% solatium.
2. Alternative shop or assistance
for income generation asset
valuated upto Rs. 75,000 or
Alternative houses in
resettlement colony or developed
plot and construction cost of Rs.
40,000 linked to construction
progress.
3. Additional 25% compensation
for partially affected structures
4. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
5. Subsistence allowance of Rs.
30,000
6. Additional amount of Rs. 25,000
as grant.
In case more than 25% of
house is affected and unviable
for retaining, full compensation
will be paid
Resettlement colonies will be
developed if more than 20
families are displaced in 2 Kms
continuous stretch
Plot size will be equivalent to
size lost subject to a maximum
of 369 sqmt/1200sqft in rural
area and 184 sqmts /600 sqft in
urban areas.
Shopping units with 100-150
sq.ft will be constructed if
more than 20 shops are
affected in a continuous stretch
of 2 kms and opt for shop.
People have right to salvage
the affected materials
Training for self employment
will be provided to one adult
per family as needed
II. Tenants
(a) Residential 1. Rental allowance for 6 months @
Rs. 500 per month in rural and
Rs. 1000 in urban areas
2. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
9 Developed plot will be restricted to those who do not have any homestead land.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 20
No Impact
category Entitlements Remarks
(b) Commercial 1. Rental allowance for 6 months @
Rs. 1000 per month in rural and
Rs. 1500 in urban areas
2. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
3. Assistance for income generation
asst upto Rs. 75,000
(c) Loss of
residential cum
commercial
structures
1. Rental allowance for 6 months
@ Rs. 1000 per month in rural
and Rs. 1500 in urban areas
2. Shifting assistance of Rs. 10,000
3. Assistance for income
generation asset upto Rs. 75,000
III. Non-Title holders
(a) Residential
Squatters
1. House in resettlement colony or
developed plot and construction
cost of Rs. 40,000 linked to
construction progress.
2. Subsistence allowance of
Rs.15,000.
3. Shifting Allowance of Rs.5000.
House size in resettlement
colony to be minimum of 25
sqm/270 sqft. Resettlement
colony will be constructed if
more than 20 residential
squatters are getting affected in
a continuous stretch of 2 kms
and opted for same.
Developed plot size will be
allotted of 25 sqms/ 270 sqft in
urban area and 33 sqms /350
sqft in rural area.
(b) Commercial
Squatters
1. Alternative shop of 100 sq.ft or
assistance for income generation
asset valuated upto Rs. 30,000;
2. Subsistence allowance of
Rs.15,000;
3. Shifting Allowance of Rs.5000.
Shopping units will be
constructed if more than 20
shops are affected in a
continuous stretch of 2 kms
and opted for shop.
(c) Encroachers 1. Replacement cost of affected
structure calculated at current
PWD scheduled rates without
depreciation
2. Compensation of Crop loss or
advance notice for harvesting
crops
IV. Loss of livelihood
(a) Employees in
shops,
agricultural
labourers, etc
1. Subsistence allowance of Rs.
15,000. Training for self employment
will be provided as needed
V. Vulnerable People
(a) Widows
Physically
challenged and
those aged
above 60 years
1. Assistance to include in
government pension schemes if not
included , if eligible as per
Government criteria (OR)
2. Lump-sum amount of Rs. 25,000
This will be restricted to those
who have no or cannot be
provided with alterative
livelihood sources.
VI. Community Assets
(a) Community
Assets
1. Reconstruction of affected assets
2. Transfer to Local authorities for
maintenance
VII. Unidentified Impacts
(a) Unidentified
Impacts
1. Unforeseen impacts shall be
documented and mitigated based
on the principles provided in this
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 21
No Impact
category Entitlements Remarks
policy Note: All amounts in this entitlement matrix are fixed as of April 01, 2010. These will increased 10% annually on first day of April every year. The same will
hold good for guidance value also if not revised by the GoK.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 22
CHAPTER III: LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPENSATION PAYMENT
Land Acquisition in KSHIP I
3.1 In KSHIP I two methods were followed for land acquisition (i) land acquisition under general
LA Act 1894; and (ii) consent award, where compensation is paid through negotiation. In KSHIP I the
time taken for land acquisition ranges from 27 to 31.5 months, with the average being 28 months10
. In
India any acquisition of land under Land Acquisition Act, 1894 requires 2 to 3 years to complete the
entire proceedings. This is because the time given for publication of 6(1) final notification is one year
from date of publication of 4(1) preliminary notification and two years for approval of award from
date of publication of 6(1) notification. The Assistant Commissioners in-charge of land acquisition in
KSHIP I had additional responsibilities to KSHIP work. As a result they could not devote their time
exclusively for the KSHIP land acquisition work. Therefore in some cases it took a maximum period
of three years to complete the land acquisition proceedings and to hand over the acquired land to the
acquiring body. This can be considered as one of the lessons learnt for KSHIP II.
3.2 In KSHIP I, during the course of execution of work, if any additional land was required due to
unforeseen exigencies such as change of alignment, deviations required to be made due to ground
realities, mistakes in survey, etc., even to secure few guntas of additional land, the entire process of
acquisition was carried out from Section 4(1) stage under LAA, 1894 which was a totally
cumbersome and time consuming process. As a result the execution of work suffered as the
acquisition proceedings took long time for completion11.
Proposed Land Acquisition in KSHIP II
3.3 Drawing upon the past experiences under KSHIP I, in KSHIP II it is proposed that land
acquisition be done under the Karnataka Highways Act (KHA), 1964. Administering the KHA, 1964
will be more convenient, effective and time saving. Under KHA land acquisition will be entrusted to a
designated “Highway Authority” or one or two officers with delegated powers, so that the entire
acquisition proceedings will be carried out under centralized agency i.e. “Highway Authority” with
dedicated officials for the purpose of land acquisition, instead of involving many officials of the
revenue department as done in case of KSHIP I. Also acquisition under consent award as given under
Section 27 of KHA, 1964 will be applicable. This will help in arriving at a mutually agreed rate of
compensation with the land owners, which will eliminate resentment from the land owners regarding
rate of compensation thus reduce the scope for approaching the civil courts for higher compensation.
Section 27 read with Section 26 provides payment of compensation to individuals who are losing
land. No other section in the Act deals with payment of compensation determined by way of
agreement. Under the KHA in this project the Negotiation Committee after negotiation with the land
losers in clusters arrive at a price agreeable to the land losers. Once the price is agreed for individual
survey numbers accordingly an agreement will be executed with the land losers. Subsequently the
land will be taken possession of. In this process no award is passed. Generally this process is termed
consent award. Though the KHA came into force in 1964, till date this Act has not been implemented.
However as a proactive measure the PWD proposes to use this Act for land acquisition in KSHIP II.
3.4 A comparative statement of Acquisition proceedings under Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and
Karnataka State Highways Act, 1964 indicating the normal duration required under each stage of the
acquisition proceedings has been given in Annex 3.1
3.5 The summary and main features on comparison between LAA and KHA are:
1. Time taken under ideal situation for land acquisition under KHA,1964 is 63 weeks as against 94
weeks for LA Act 1894;
10
KSHIP- Impact Assessment of Implementation of RAP, August 2007 11
Ramchandra, K.M. ,Special Deputy Commissioner, KSHIP,- Karnataka State Highway Improvement Project
Consent Awards, paper presented in one day workshop on Innovative ways to Acquire Land for development
Projects, Revenue Department, Government of Karnataka, December 2007.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 23
2. The Project Director is designated as “Highway Authority” and in charge of LA. However, the
land acquisition under LA Act, 1894 needs to pass through a set of departmental procedure and
officials who are often busy with their primary departmental duties.
3. The proposal of land acquisitions under LAA 1894 needs to pass through six offices i.e. the
acquiring body, the Tahlisdar, the Assistant Commissioner, the Deputy Commissioner, the
survey department and finally the Government which is not only time consuming but also a
tedious process. It is also relevant to mention here that even for small clarifications the file has to
go through all these offices which cause unavoidable delay in file processing. Under KHA, 1964
the Project will have dedicated officers designated solely for this task, as a result of which the
LA process will be faster and better streamlined. The land acquisition under KHA, 1964 would
involve two agencies namely the “Highway Authority” and “Government”.
3.6 The process of Land Acquisition under KHA, 1964 is as follows:
1. On the recommendations of the “Highway Authority”, the “State Government” will issue a
notification for acquisition of the required land, which will be published in the Gazette (Section
15).
2. After publication of notification Under Section 15 of KHA, 1964, the Highway Authority will
cause the land to be measured (Section 16).
3. Under Section 17 of KHA, 1964, public notice will be issued to all the interested persons to file
their claim for compensation within 15 days from the date of receipt of notice.
4. At any time after the publication of notification under section 15(on receiving report from the
Highway Authority), the State Govt. may direct that the lands specified in the notification shall
be taken possession of, from such date as may be specified in the direction. From such date, the
said land vest absolutely in the State Govt. free from all encumbrances (Section 19). This process
would take place only after completion of awards in every case.
5. Consequent to notification under section 15 and after obtaining documents from the land losers
the “Highway Authority” will proceed to pass award on consent basis if there is consensus for a
mutually agreed rate for consent award (section 27).
6. In default of consensus the “Highway Authority” will proceed to fix the compensation on general
award basis (Section 28).
7. There is also provision for making reference against the award of the “Highway Authority”
before the court of law (Section35).
Estimated time for LA
3.7 From the issue of Section 15 the time taken to complete the land acquisition process is 6
months. Anticipated time to be taken for each stage of acquisition proceedings under KHA 1964 is as
follows:
1. Section 15: After issue of section 15 notification, 45 days is given for filing claims.
2. Section 17: public notice and notice to individual land losers to file his claims within a specific
date mentioned therein the notice.
3. Framing of award: Framing of award under section 27, 28 and taking possession of land -12
weeks
4. Section 19: From section 15 notification to issue of direction under section 19 for taking
possession of the land – 24 weeks
Managing Land Acquisition under KSHIP II
3.8 The GOK has designated the Project Director (PD) as Highway Authority under Section 6 of
KHA, as per GO Order No.PWD 49 EAP 2008 dated 02.12.2008. (GO has been enclosed in the
Annex 3.2).
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 24
3.9 The GoK has to release orders delegating powers to Special DC Land acquisition and
Assistant Commissioners to exercise their powers at different stages of land acquisition. (for
Organizational details of KSHIP II refer chapter 5).
3.10 The Special DC Land Acquisition and the Project Director are the award approving
authority. Sp DC LA can approve award up to Rs.50 lakhs. Above Rs.50 lakhs and upto Rs.1 crore the
authority rests with the Project Director.
Staffing for Land Acquisition Work
3.11 The Special DC Land Acquisition will be in charge of Land Acquisition under KSHIP. To
execute the LA work efficiently the GoK has issued orders for the appointment of supporting staff for
LA. The GO is given in Annex 3.3. However additional staff is required over and above what is
mentioned in the GO for each of the ACs offices. The additional staffs required are 2 shirastedars; 2
surveyors and 2 FDAs.
3.12 The Sp DC LA will be assisted by 2 Assistant Commissioners; one for North Karnataka (at
Hospet) and one for South Karnataka (at Bangalore).
Tasks completed under KHA
3.13 Notification has been issued vide Government Order NO: PWD 49; EAP, 2008, dated
02.12.2008. Appointing the Project Director as Highway Authority. A copy of the Notification has
been provided in the Annex 3.2.
Negotiations Committee for Land Price Fixation
3.14 Under the KHA, 1964 the negotiation of compensation is an important task. The composition
of the committee is given below.
Negotiation Committee
1. Assistant Commissioner of the concerned Sub Division Chairman
2. Assistant Commissioner of KSHIP Secretary
3. Jurisdictional Executive Engineer Member
4. Zilla Panchayat Member of the concerned jurisdiction Member
3.15 The Guidance Value as per the Department of Stamps and Registration for the different
categories of land, for the villages along the project road is which are to be obtained from concerned
District Registrars. This guidance value will be referred to by the Negotiation Committee.
Replacement Cost
The compensation payment for loss of land paid through negotiations + additional stamp and
registration cost + additional Rs.20,000 + additional 25% severance cost will add up to the
replacement cost.
Table 3.1: Land Acquisition Details
Contract
Package Link Details
Private
land (Ha)
Govt
Land
(Ha)
Total
Land (Ha)
WEP 1 67A Hoskote - H Cross (Hindgnala Cross) 0.82 0.26 1.08
67 B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass (Corridor 65F Junctn) 0.00 0.00 0.00
WEP 2 M7D Hangal – Tadasa 18.65 2.21 20.86
T8 Haveri (NH4) – Hangal 6.91 0.82 7.73
WEP 3 21 B Dharwad – Saundatti 4.38 0.36 4.74
WEP 4 13 A Tinthini - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud – Devadurga 0.73 - 0.73
13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 0.07 - 0.07
WEP5 6C Chowdapur – Gulbarga 1.12 - 1.12
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 25
Contract
Package Link Details
Private
land (Ha)
Govt
Land
(Ha)
Total
Land (Ha)
WAP 1 63A Malavalli – Maddur 2.84 0.47 3.31
63 B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 7.36 0.47 7.83
Huliyurdurga realignment 10.65 0.00 10.65
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 8.96 1.72 10.68
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 7.69 1.21 8.90
63 E Tumkur – Koratagere 8.53 0.04 8.57
Koratagere bypass 15.60 - 15.60
64 F Koratagere – Madhugiri 4.98 0.45 5.43
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada 11.82 1.32 13.14
WAP 2 19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 1.95 - 1.95
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 23.82 - 23.82
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 3.24 - 3.24
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani 4.41 - 4.41
WAP3 T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-206) 34.32 - 34.32
M7A Shimoga - Savalanga – Shikaripura 15.8 - 15.8
M7B Shikaripur - Shiralakoppa - Togarsi 19.00 - 19.00
M7C Anvatti - Gondi – Hangal 1.23 - 1.23
WAP4 10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 1.04 0.02 1.06
10B Talikota - Hunasagi – Devapur 0.73 0.01 0.74
TOTAL 215.93 9.36 225.09
Method of Price fixation
1. The concerned Land Acquisition officer who is the member secretary of the Negotiation
Committee will call for a meeting;
2. Dates for price negotiation will be given village wise. Negotiation will be conducted village wise
calling all the land losers together for negotiation. This is to ensure transparency.
3. The PIU will provide information on the guidance value of the land to land losers before
negotiations.
4. Minimum negotiated price for the Districts of Bangalore Urban, Bangalore Rural, Chikkaballapur,
Ramnagaram, and Corporation / Municipal limits of other district HQs will be 1.5 times the
Guidance Value. For all other areas other than those mentioned above the minimum negotiated
price will be 2 times the Guidance value.
5. The Negotiation Committee will negotiate the price with the landlord;
6. Based on the decision of the Negotiation Committee after getting the rates approved by PIU,
SLAO will make the payment.
7. Compensation will be given within 30 days of taking possession and receiving all the necessary
documents12
by the Special LA officer. In case of delay a 9% interest will be given to the
beneficiary upto a period of one year after which it will be increased to15% thereafter. (This is as
per the provisions of the LA Act).
8. Possession of Land will be taken vide Section 19, which will be only after the payment of
compensation.
Failure of KHA and Appellate Committee
3.16 In the event the land lord does not agree with the rate negotiated by the Negotiation
Committee, under Section 28 of KHA determination of amount of compensation in default of
agreement Section 28 (2) of KHA states that in determining the amount of compensation, the matter
specified in Sections 23 and 24 of the LA Act 1894, shall be taken into consideration.
12
Documents to be furnished include Pahani (RTC), Mutation Extract, Vamsha Vruksha (Geneological Tree)
and if the interest of land holder is subject to a court decree, a certified copy of such a decree.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 26
Valuation of Assets
3.17 The valuation of structures and other assets will be carried out by Government approved
valuators appointed by the PIU. Valuation will be done on the basis of current PWD Schedule of
Rates, without depreciation. Based on the valuation another 30% will be given as top up. Trees will
be valued by the Horticulture/Forest department.
Estimation of land requirement and Preparation of Land Acquisition Plans
3.18 The Land Acquisition Plan (LAP) for each link road is under preparation. Co-ordination with
revenue department is in progress. The land acquisition for the project is estimated at 179.983 ha and
6.4 hectares land will be transferred from Government sources. The likely time table for procurement
for land acquisition is placed in implementation schedule in Chapter 5.
3.19 The preparation process of LAP includes:
1. From the Land Record office Village map, tippany, hissa tippany, akar band is collected.
2. RTC records is collected from the Taluk Office
3. Based on the above documents and spot inspection sketches for LA are made
4. Calculation of land acquisition requirement in a particular survey number is arrived based on the
Akarband ;
5. Field verification of RoW is done from PWD notifications;
6. Identify and Stakeout on ground of the areas beyond RoW where private land needs to be
acquired as per approved proposed alignment designs;
7. Measurement of land proposed to be acquired to be done along with the Revenue Department.
This is done in co-ordination with Project Consultants, PIU staff and revenue officials.
8. After field verification land particulars are transferred to each survey sketch;
9. The LA plans have to be finally signed by the Surveyor, Supervisor, Tahsildar and; KSHIP AE,
KSHIP AEE and Project Consultants.
Compensation Payment Process
3.20 The compensation payment process includes:
1. Compensation to be finalized by the Negotiation Committee with the consent of beneficiary.
2. The award will be approved by the Special DC LA or Project Director depending on the award
amount.
3. Cheque payment will be done. The SDRC will assist beneficiaries to open a Bank account incase
they do not have Bank Account.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 27
CHAPTER IV - SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND BASELINE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
CHARACTERISTICS
Social Impact Assessment
4.1 Social Impact Assessment was carried out for the project roads. The SIA study looked into the
likely impacts of road improvement on the communities, and the likely mitigation aspects of the
impacts. It also looked into the impact of the project especially on the backward taluks through which
the project road passes, and how the road project is likely to affect the impacted population. The study
was based on extensive public consultations and stakeholders view.
4.2 The SIA findings can be summarized into (i) analysis of outcome of consultations of the various
stakeholders and (ii) analysis of data/information finally put forth as recommendations how these
outcomes have been incorporated into designs and Action Plans.
4.3 The negative social impact identified by community members was the potential for loss of land to
project interventions. However, according to a majority of stakeholders consulted, the benefits of the
project out weigh impacts from minor losses of land. There was broad consensus in all these
communities that dry land acquired by the project would not be a problem, people were reluctant to
part with irrigated or garden lands. To overcome any resistance it was informed that according to the
entitlement policy land losers will be given market value of land after negotiation under the
KHA.1964. Recommendations for impact mitigation and enhancement entitlements were given by
the stakeholders. The suggestions as feasible have been incorporated into the design and the R& R
Policy of the project.
4.4 Based on the outcomes consultations it is clear that there is a need to: (i) develop clear
procedures for the land acquisition under KHA 1964 and determination of compensation/ transactions
are carried out in transparent manner and satisfactorily documented; (ii) define the policy, institutional
and implementation framework to guide the compensation for loss of land and assets and ensure that
no person’s land is acquired without proper consultation and compensation; (iii) develop mechanisms
to foster greater participation of more passive members of the community, including women and
vulnerable groups; (iii) develop clear procedures for disseminating information about the project to all
affected communities and provide a feedback mechanism for these communities to voice their
concerns and address these concerns during project implementation. The RAP attempts to address
these issues.
Census Socio-Economic Survey
4.5 As a part of the project a census survey of Project Affected Families \Persons (PAFs and
PAPs) was carried out. The findings of the census survey provided the magnitude of social impacts on
the PAFs and PAPs. In this section the survey out comes are analysed. Analysis has been done
separately for the major impacted families. The census information helped to generate necessary
data/input for the preparation of this Resettlement Action Plan. The surveys provide a baseline
measurement of potential impacts on affected families/persons that form the eligibility criteria for
entitlement as given in the R & R Policy of KSHIP -II. The objectives of the census verification were:
a. Provide information regarding project impacts in order to facilitate designing of various
components of the RAP, especially R&R entitlement;
b. Minimise the influx of outsiders to the affected area;
c. Identification of PAPs by effect categories;
d. Enumeration of PAPs assets and land holdings;
4.6 The project will impact the following persons:
Table 4.1: Distribution of PAFs Contract Package Titleholder Tenant Squatter Encroacher
WEP1 23 1 35 13
WEP2 688 33 50 2
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 28
Contract Package Titleholder Tenant Squatter Encroacher
WEP3 142 8 29 0
WEP4 50 3 153 6
WEP5 25 0 28 1
WAP1 305 111 256 83
WAP2 129 16 326 2
WAP3 366 103 71 0
WAP4 94 4 236 5
TOTAL 1822 279 1184 112 Source: Census Socio-Economic Survey 2007-2008.
Methodology and Data Base
4.7 Census covers 100% of the potentially affected population within the likely COI. It provides a
demographic overview of the population served by the RAP and profiles household assets and main
sources of livelihood. During census survey, legal boundaries of affected properties were verified.
The census registered all household members and individuals within the potential COI their assets and
income, and demographic and social information to determine whether project affected persons were
to be categorised as vulnerable groups with special entitlements under the project. Private land
owners, tenants, squatters and encroachers within the COI were covered. Structures, trees and other
assets were also recorded.
4.8 Data was collected at the following levels (i) Household level interviews with each affected
family were undertaken. Each of the households surveyed and the structure/agricultural land likely to
be affected by the project has been numbered, documented and photographed ;(ii) Village level public
consultations were conducted in all the upgradation links. Separate meetings were conducted for
women groups. The census survey questionnaire has been placed Annex 4.1.
4.9 A database has been created for the census information. The information has been stored and
analysed using Visual Basic and MS-Access. This program is easily convertible to Oracle platform.
The superimposition of the survey data on the final engineering designs will provide the actual
number of PAPs. Only these PAPs within the final COI will be considered eligible for support under
the project.
Sources of Data
4.10 Data was collected was collected from the following secondary sources: (i) Revenue records
at local/village level - with regard to land particulars for acquisition of properties;(ii) Census records
for demographic information; (iii) PWD for ROW/COI, estimates of the cost of infrastructure
development etc.; (iii) Development agencies to get information on various developmental programs
for specific sections of population like landless, marginal and small farmers etc. tribal, SCs etc. and
(iv)Local organisations’ including NGO’s in order to involve them and integrate their activities in the
economic development programs of the displaced population.
Update of Census information
4.11 The census information for those losing land will be updated for the Annuity roads contracts
on the completion of LAPs. All entitlement as per the Policy and RAP will be applicable to all those
identified. The Census surveys for Non titleholders have been completed for all the roads.
Cut-Off Date
4.12 The cut off date for those who have legal title is the date of Notification under Section 15 of
Karnataka Highway Act 1964. The date of census is the cut-off date for those who do not have legal
standing for eligibility of assistance under the project. People moving into the COI after this cut-off
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 29
date will not be entitled to support. It is the responsibility of the PWD to ensure that the COI is
maintained free of squatters and encroachers. This has been further elaborated in para 5.12
4.13 It is recognised that there will be a margin of error in the census, and any person who was not
enumerated but can show documentation or evidence that he/she is rightfully an entitled person will
also be included. The Project Implementation Unit is responsible for such verification. The cut off
date slip provided to the non titled people has been placed Annex 4.2. The cut off date for non- title-
holders, is the date of the start of the census survey on a particular link. The cut-off dates for the links
are:
Table 4.2: Cut off Date Package
Number Link Description of Links Cut off Date
WEP1 67A Hoskote - H Cross (Hindgnala Cross) 07.09.2007
67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass (Corridor 65F Junctn) 07.09.2007
WEP2 M7D Hangal – Tadasa 19.12.2009
T8 Haveri (NH4) – Hangal 06.12.2007
WEP3 21B Dharwad – Saundatti 6.01.2008
WEP4 13A Tinthini - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud – Devadurga 18.09.2008
13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 25.09.2008
WEP5 6C Chowdapur – Gulbarga 21.12.2007
WAP1 63A Malavalli – Maddur 06.11.2007
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 15.10.2007
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 18.10.2007
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 22.9.2207
63E Tumkur – Koratagere 19.9.2007
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 02.08.2007
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada 03.08.2007
WAP2 19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 30.10.2008
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 04.11.2008
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 14.11.2008
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani 06.12.2007
WAP3 T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-206) 23.12.2008
M7A Shimoga - Savalanga – Shikaripura 27.12.2008
M7B Shikaripur - Shiralakoppa - Togarsi 01.01.2009
M7C Anvatti - Gondi – Hangal 27.12.2009
WAP4 10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 5.10.2008
10B Talikota - Hunasagi – Devapur 14.10.2008 Census Socio-Economic Survey 2007-2009
Major and Minor Impacts
4.14 According to the Census survey 3397 families are affected by the Project. (The package wise
list of PAPs and PAFs is given in Annex 4.3) Of these, major impact is on 1472 families, and minor
impacts are on 1925 PAFs. Major impacts are where the PAF is either displaced due to the loss of
house or has lost his means of livelihood, either agricultural or commercial; this category also
includes those likely to become marginal farmers due to the impact of the project. Other than this all
other impacts have been classified as minor impacts. Minor impacts is where the families loose only a
very small part of their assets and are able to continue to lead similar living standards without any
further assistance. These losses include boundary walls, steps, partial structure etc.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 30
Table 4.3: Distribution of PAFs by Major and Minor Impacts
Sl.
No. Extent of Loss Owner Tenant Squatter Encroacher Total
Major Impact
1 Losing Total House 66 8 68 1 143
2 Losing Total Commercial Structure 58 2 1015 4 1079
3 Losing Total House and Com. Struc. 6 0 10 1 17
4 Tenants Losing Total Livelihood 0 224 6 3 233
Total Major Impact 130 234 1099 9 1472
Minor Impact
1 Losing only Part of House 396 4 19 10 429
2 Losing Part of Commercial Structure 156 0 34 12 202
3 Losing Part of House and Com. Struc. 57 0 0 2 59
4 Partial Plot 95 0 0 13 108
5 Total Boundary Wall 91 0 1 1 93
6 Partial Boundary Wall 33 0 1 3 37
7 Cattleshed 29 0 16 2 47
8 Farmers 744 0 0 0 744
9 Others 93 40 13 60 206
Total Minor Impact 1694 44 84 103 1925
Total (Major & Minor Impacts) 1824 278 1183 112 3397
Source: Census Socio-Economic Survey 2007-2008, does not include land losers information.
Note: The final figure of PAFS/PAPS will be updated on the completion of Annuity LAP. .
Key Baseline indicators for major impact categories
4.15 The key baseline indicators for major impacts categories are given below:
Table 4.4: Socio Economic information for Major Impact categories HOUSING
Loss of total house 9.71 %
ECONOMIC
Income less than Rs.26000 57.05 %
Indebtness : PAFs who have borrowed 3.93 %
Reason for borrowing 1. Business – 84.48%
2. House – 8.62%
3. Others – 6.90%
Tenants losing total livelihood 15.82%
ECONOMIC – SHOP OWNERS
Loss of total commercial structure
1. 73.30%
Type of Commercial structure getting affected:
1. Pucca – 4.83%
2. Semi pucca -10.49%
3. Kutcha- 84.68%
No. of employees 63 Persons
The average area of shops 1. 7.45 sqm
Type of shops affected
1. Pan/cigarette – 31.60%
2. Tea shop – 21.10%
3. Barber- 10.61%
Average turn over of shops
1. Pan/cigarette – Rs.5402
2. Tea Shop – Rs.2966
3. Barber- Rs. 3488
ASSET OWNERSHIP
Ownership of household assets (owners)
1. Color television – 2.92%
2. Refrigerator – 0.04%
3. Cooking Gas – 1.29%
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 31
4. Telephone – 1.49%
5. 2/4 wheeler – 0.88%
Ownership of household assets (squatters)
1. Color television – 7.6%
2. Refrigerator – 1.49%
3. Cooking Gas – 3.3%
4. Telephone – 3.73%
5. 2/4 wheeler – 3.73%
4.16 All the key socio economic indicators have been provided for reference in the Annex 4.4 to
4.15. These tables include population by literacy and education, PAFs by gender, age classification,
religion, social stratification, loss of livelihood, occupation by gender, Structure type, PAFs by annual
income, Disability amongst PAPs and comparison of ST population with others.
Standard Characteristics of displaced households
4.17 Among religious groups, Hindus dominate with 78.09 per cent followed by Muslims at 13.04
per cent Distribution of PAPs by occupation reveals that agriculture accounts for 39.7 percent;
agricultural labourers accounting for 19.32 percent. The other sector, which supports a large section
of PAFs, is service sector represented by trade/commerce accounting for 30.33 percent. The service
sector, professional and skilled labour consists 2.74 percent and the others category (barber, lawyer,
gold smith, black smith etc. account for the remaining. In spite of difficulties in getting reliable data
on household income efforts were made to persuade the respondents to report as accurate data as
possible. 16.15 percent of the population has income less than Rs.26,000. 68 per cent of the total
PAPs fall in the age group of 18-59. Since this happens to be the working age-group the mitigation
measures as given in the entitlement matrix need to be carefully implemented with reference to 18-59
age groups. Sex ratio in the project area is 930 females per 1000 males. Illiterate population accounts
for 17 percent of the total population; while just literate (who can only sign) accounts for 14 percent
of the total population. Those with education upto secondary level are the highest of all categories
accounting for 24 percent of the total population. The detailed education table with gender wise break
up is given in Annex 4.4. Graduates account for 6 percent. 84 percent of the structures are kutcha;
only 5 percent of the affected structures are pucca. 30.65 percent of the houses have electricity
connection. Piped water supply is available to about 6.56 percent of the households only, other
sources include access to bore wells and open wells. Among other household assets is farm
equipment. 20.78 percent of the households own bullock carts; while only 9.93 percent own tractors.
Other agriculture equipment owned are sprayers, harvesters etc.
Vulnerable Groups
4.18 Those falling within this category include persons such as disabled, widows, or persons above
sixty years of age. These persons are entitled to be included in government pension schemes (as per
govt eligibility criteria) and if they are not already included, will be eligible for a lump-sum amount
of Rs. 25,000 . There are some PAPs that are in more than one vulnerable category. These PAPs will
be paid only once. There are 209 disabled persons (Annex4.14); 555 widows and 880 PAPs over 60
years.
Gender Issues
4.19 There are 266 women headed households. The proposed upgradation of roads under KSHIP –
II is expected to open up new economic opportunities for women to upgrade their skills and also
better accessibility to educational and health facilities. The improved road was perceived to help
reduce travel time, as an immediate benefit. Women as a segregated class are not involved in any
economic activity, which demands attention for their special needs. However, in the village level
consultations the women said improved roads were a danger especially in the built up area. Increased
speed of traffic makes it difficult for women and children to cross the roads. It also leads to increased
accidents as children in villages areas tend to play near the roads. In some links the improved road
will lead to the movement of heavy vehicles carrying ore and goods; this was not welcome in the
village limits. The women also said that they did not have any sanitation facilities, and looked at the
possibility of the project provide community toilets. Another issue raised was the problem of
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 32
sufficient sources of drinking water. These facilities can be provided through the project, based on
detailed consultation with people regarding maintenance etc. The funding for this has been provided
in the budget under the title of group entitlements. To ensure that women are secure in receiving
payments all benefits will be provided in joint account where the woman will be the first beneficiary
accounts. Where ever title is provided it should be provided with joint title with women as the first
beneficiary.
Tribal Issues
4.20 According to the definition as given in the Operational policy of the World Bank OP 4.10 ,
the term “Indigenous Peoples” is used in a generic sense to refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and
cultural group possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees:
(a) Self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this
identity by others;
(b) Collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area
and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories
(c) Customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate from those of the
dominant society and culture; and
(d) An indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country or region.
4.21 In Karnataka, Schedule Tribes (ST) account for 6.55 percent (3.46 million) of the total State
population. Bellary district has the highest concentration of STs in Karnataka. There are 50 major
tribes with 109 sub-tribes in the State (as of March 2005), according to the notified Schedule under
Article 342 of the Constitution of India. In Karnataka there are 4 Districts which fall under the
Integrated Tribal Development Project. These are Mysore, Kodagu, Dakshin Kannada and
Chikmagalur. Integrated Tribal Development Projects (ITDPs) are contiguous large areas of the size
of one or more Development Block in which the ST population is 50% or more of the total
population. Primitive Tribal Groups are found in Chamarajnagar District. The Government of
Karnataka has identified (i) Jenu Kuruba; and (ii) Koraga tribes as primitive groups (PTGs) 3.
Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) are identified isolated communities among the STs characterized by a
low rate of population, a pre-agricultural level of technology and extremely low levels of literacy.
4.22 Jenu Kuruba tribes are originally from Mysore, Chamarajanagar and Kodagu districts and
Koraba tribes are from Udupi and Dakshin Kannada districts. In Chamarajanagar district, only
Kollegala Taluk has PTG areas. PTGs constitute the most vulnerable among the all notified tribes.
According to the surveys conducted by Department of Tribal Welfare, these tribes predominantly stay
in districts where they originally belong to, however the possibility of tribal migration to neighbouring
districts for better employment opportunities cannot be denied.
4.23 The Director of Tribal Welfare GoK, has indicated through a letter No: DSTW : TSP:OSCR
12/2010-11 dated 26.04.2010, that no village in the State of Karnataka has been designated as tribal
village; and that the project roads are not passing through any ITDP areas. Tribal are living in the
villages along the project roads along with other communities.
4.24 Based on the information provided by the Tribal Department and the Census surveys IPDP
will not be required.
4.25 Families falling within the Scheduled Tribe category, account for 5.17% of the total PAFs.
The number of people belonging to tribal groups affected by the project is 180 PAFs. These PAFs are
scattered and not concentrated in any particular area and do not maintain any distinct characteristics
which are culturally, economically or socially different from the surrounding population. Moreover,
those found in the project area no longer maintain any of the distinctive language either. The
Scheduled tribes identified through the census survey are mostly working as agricultural labourers or
as small and marginal farmers. During the consultations held there were no specific issues raised by
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 33
tribal persons/groups. The 2001 Census data reveals that around half the ST population is in the
workforce. Women constitute about 41.7 per cent of the workforce. More than 85 per cent of the
working population is in rural areas. The distribution of main workers (76.4 per cent) is concentrated
in the rural parts of the state where a high 51.5 per cent work. The tribal population as identified by
the survey has integrated with the main stream population.
4.26 The district wise distribution of Tribal population, in the project road districts of the State
according to the Census 2001and the map showing distribution of Tribal districts has been given
Annex 4.16.
Socio- Economic Status of Tribal population
4.27 About 68.51 percent of the ST families are below poverty line (Rs.26,000), compared to 16.15
percent for the general population. Almost 42.07 percent of the ST population is involved in
agricultural activities which is almost the same as 42.07 percent for general population; 31.16 percent
are employed as agricultural labourers as against 19.32 percent of general population; and 20.25
percent are also involved in commerce and trade as against 30.33 percent of general population. 29
percent of the of the ST population are illiterate as compared to 17 percent illiteracy for the general
population ;14 percent are just literate; Graduates account for only 1.68 percent as compared to 6.75
percent of those in the general category. The project aims to improve the status of project affected
persons. Thus after the delivery of entitlements the PIU can evaluate the impact of the project on the
affected STs. During the process of resettlement the NGO has to pay adequate attention to ensure that
the ST families get all the eligible entitlements according to the project policy. Thus a comparison of
the three parameters of income, occupation and literacy shows that the Scheduled Tribe population is
poorer, in terms of income levels; a larger percentage of ST PAFs also work as agricultural labourers
as against the general population to the overall general population. Comparison of ST population and
with non tribal population of the above mentioned indicators are given in the Annex 4.15.
Consultation and Community Participation
4.28 Public consultations were held in all the packages, focusing on areas of impact due to
widening, at places congestion with impacts on buildings and where major common property
resources are getting affected- such as any religious structures etc. The out come of the consultations
were used to prepare the Social Impact Assessment and for analysis of alternatives and minimising
negative impact of the project. 25 meetings have been held .
Methodology
4.29 The methodology followed for public consultations was:
1) Informing all the likely affected persons regarding the meeting through issue of notices to
individuals and at village level. Panchayat leaders, gram sabha members, officers from PWD sub
divisions and any local NGOs were also informed about the meetings. All meetings have been
recorded and video graphed.
2) Separate women’s group meetings were also held.
3) The minutes of the meetings have been recorded, list of participants for each of the meeting along
with the signature have been obtained and the photographs of consultations have also been taken.
The photographs, list of participants and outcome of the Consultations, are presented in separate
Social Impact Assessment Report Annex volume.
4.30 During the consultation the people were informed about: (i)KSHIP-II, including a
background on KSHIP -II Phase A project; (ii)The rural and urban design cross sections of the roads;
(iii) The people were informed about KSHIP-I Resettlement policy and the compensation and
assistance provided therein and asked suggestion for improvement so that their suggestions can be
incorporated by the project authority for KSHIP II; (iv) Proposed safety measures for the road; and
(v)The likely impacts of the road, both positive and negative.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 34
4.31 The Consultations elicited from the people: (i) Their views on the project especially the likely
adverse impacts; (ii) Possible mitigation measures in case of adverse impacts; (iii)Means of better
delivery of compensation and assistance;(iv)The assurance from the project authority not to
marginalize people by depriving them from their livelihood; and (v) Provision of infrastructure such
as drinking water and toilets.
4.32 As a part of the public empowerment through public consultations the stakeholders have
written to the Project authority regarding their views on the impact of the project, and the anticipated
adverse impacts. These issues have been addressed and responses have been provided.
Key Findings of the Consultations
4.33 The consultations have helped in not only achieving the social assessment objectives, but also
assisted in gathering suggestions for mitigation of adverse impacts, improvement in designs and
facilitating inputs for the resettlement plan preparation and implementation.
Table 4.5: Details of Consultation Meetings
Link Details
67A Hoskote – H Cross (Hindgnala cross)
Date: 18.01.2008; Place: Hindgnala No. of Participants: 43, covering 8 villages.
67B H Cross - Chintamani Bypass
Date: 18.01.2008; Place: Perumanchanahalli ; No. of Participants: 39, covering 15 villages.
T8 Haveri – Hanagal
Date: 20.12.2007; Place: Adur , No. of Participants: 65, covering 8 villages.
M7
C&D
Anavatti – Hanagal – Tadas
Date: 13-01-2009; Place: Hanagal ; No. of Participants: 185, covering 15 villages.
21B Dharwad – Saundatti
Date: 23.01.2008 ; Place: Aminabhavi ; No. of Participants: 121, covering 5 villages.
13A Thinthini Bridge – Devadurga
Date: 13.11.2008; Place: Jalahalli No. of Participants: 31, covering 8 villages..
13B Devadurga - Kalmal cross
Date: 14.11.2008 ; Place: Masarkal ; No. of Participants: 20, covering 8 villages.
6C Chowdapur – Gulbarga
Date: 31.12.2007 ; Place: Sharan Sirasangi ; No. of Participants: 62, , covering 4 villages.
63A Malavalli – Maddur
Date: 20.02.2008 ; Place: K M Doddi ; No. of Participants: 31, covering 6 villages.
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga
Date: 20.02.2008 ; Place: Mallankuppe ; No. of Participants: 113, covering10 villages.
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal
Date: 19.02.2008; Place: Dodda Mavathur ; No. of Participants: 57, covering 7 villages.
63D Kunigal – Tumkur
Date: 19.02.2008 ; Place: Kothagere ; No. of Participants: 91, covering 7 villages.
63E Tumkur – Koratagere
Date: 18.02.2008 ; Place: Beladara ; No. of Participants: 67, covering 6 villages.
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri
Date: 18.02.2008 ; Place: Keregalapalya No. of Participants: 83, covering 4 villages.
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada
Date: 18.02.2008; Place: Hoskere ; No. of Participants: 92, covering 12 villages.
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapur
Date: 21.11.2008 ; Place: Ranna Belagali ; No. of Participants: 53, covering 6 villages.
19B Mahalingapur –Kabbur
Date: 21.11.2008 ; Place: Kankanawadi ; No. of Participants: 58, covering 7 villages.
19C Kabbur – Chikkodi
Date: 21.11.2008 ; Place: Nagaramunnoli ; No. of Participants: 32, covering 7 villages.
19D Chikkodi – Nippani
Date: 19.12.2007 ; Place: Pattankudi ; No. of Participants: 113, , covering 6 villages.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 35
Link Details
T21 Shikaripura – Anadapuram
Date: 07-01-2009; Place: Salurl ; No. Of Participants: 35, covering 8 villages.
M7A Shimoga- Shikaripura
Date: 07.01.2009 ; Place: Shimoga ; No. of Participants: 180, covering 10 villages.
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti
Date: 12-01-2009 ; Place: Thogarsi, No. Of Participants: 80, covering 9 villages.
10A Managuli - Talikote
Date: 13.11.2008 ; Place: Huvina Hipparagi ; No. of Participants: 25, covering 6 villages..
10B Talikote – Devapur
Date: 13.11.2008 ; Place: Huvina Hipparagi; No. of Participants: 25, covering 10 villages.
Table 4.6: Key Out Comes of Public Consultations and Incorporating in Project Design
Integration Key Outcomes Integration into Project Design and Action Plan
Policy Level
Integration
The people wanted to know the details about the
project, especially compensation for the affected
land and structures. Land losers said compensation
must be paid on the current market rate.
Those losing house wanted to know what alternative
would be provided. Most asked for alternative
house/site.
Overall people were not opposed to the road, but
asked to keep to the existing alignment – people
wanted equal widening of the road.
People also asked to consider available government
land while widening, and avoid affecting structures.
In urban/built up areas, people have asked for the
reduction in COI, and wherever feasible have asked
for realignments/bypasses to avoid affecting
structures. People wanted information about the
COI and what would be the impacts outside the
COI by the project
In some links for earlier road widening the PWD
had not paid compensation. People were not willing
to give land for this project unless the previous
compensation was paid.
Overall people are of the opinion that
smoothening/straightening of the curves will affect
valuable agriculture/horticultural lands and
structures. The people asked the project authorities
to consider available open land wherever it was
available instead of impacting their house and land.
The people said that community assets and public
utilities should be replaced and shifted prior to the
start of project work. The people have asked retain
some structures such as aralikattes and temples
which are an integral part of some communities
Those losing land wanted exact information on the
extent of land to be acquired.
In case bore wells are affected people asked for
alternative borewell, to be provided by the Project
Authority.
Squatters asked for alternative livelihood option and
for commercial sites.
The villagers asked for the provision of public
toilets in the villages.
People said drinking water is insufficient and asked
for drinking water facilities in the villages.
The project background was given by the PA.
Compensation will be paid based on the Project
Policy. It will be according to the Karnataka
Highways Act, through negotiations – which
would be equivalent to the current market price.
For those losing house – alternative option will be
provided in the Project Policy, taking into
consideration the extent of loss.
For equal widening of the road, it was explained
that the road design was based on technical
considerations, so this was not possible in all
sections of the road.
Where ever government land is available it will
be considered – how ever this was dependent on
design.
The Project will consider reduction of the COI
where ever possible. The different road cross
sections were explained to the people.
It was informed that in earlier cases where
compensation has not been paid for land
acquisition, the matter will be looked into.
It was explained that design was based on
technical feasibility. In some cases it the design
will impact structures and land- and it is
unavoidable. However wherever feasible
available open land will be used.
It was informed that affected community assets
and public utilities will be replaced before the
start of the project. Structures which are
important to the community will be retained as far
as possible. In case it cannot- it will be replaced
by the project.
During the process of notification under land
acquisition, the exact extent of land to be acquired
will be notified.
It was explained that squatters will be assisted
according to the project Resettlement Policy.
The Authorities will look into providing toilets
and drinking water as a part of the project
/community development programme. (It will be
dealt with on case to case basis during
implementation.)
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 36
Integration Key Outcomes Integration into Project Design and Action Plan
The people asked for safety measures in hospital
and school zones. It was informed that the project
will take sufficient safety measures to prevent
accidents.
An affected person had just taken a loan to built his
house, which is likely to get affected. He wanted to
know how he would be compensated.
Another point raised was a person losing his
agriculture land; his land is under dispute and the
matter is pending in court; he wanted to know how
the project would compensate him.
In some cases there was no consensus on
realignments/bypasses.
People asked that grama sabhas be conducted in all
the villages. Each village wanted to have a separate
meeting to discuss specific problems.
As a part of project design adequate safety
measures will be integrated to prevent accidents.
Attention will be given school and hospital zones.
Compensation will be paid for the affected
structure based on PWD schedule of Rates
without depreciation. For land compensation will
be through negotiation.
In case of land under dispute. Compensation
amount will be deposited in the court.
The project Authorities will hold further meetings
to resolve issues where there is no consensus .
It was informed that during implementation the
NGOs will hold gram sabhas.
Design Level
Integration
Koratagere- Realignment has been proposed for
this town, based on screening process in the
feasibility studies and consultations with the
people.
Huliyurdurga – Based on the urban studies and
the social screening conducted during the
Feasibility Studies stage and consultations held
with people realignment for Huliyurdurga town
was proposed.
Dharwad town - In Dharwad town the existing
road between chainage 0+000 – 2+400 was
widened in the 1962. Land was acquired but no
compensation was paid as per information given by
local residents. Again in 2006 the road was
widened by taking additional land and no
compensation was paid. There is also a structure
which is over 100 years old that is getting affected.
Again under KSHIP-II widening has been
proposed. According to the social census survey
about 140 structures are getting impacted in the
settlement area, affecting about 150-180 families.
The people requested to avoid further widening.
Realignment proposed
Realignment proposed
Reduction of COI inside Dharwad Town.
Gulbarga – The road terminates now at Ch 29
+400. Earlier the road was upto 32+760. This was
due to technical reasons due to Railway over
bridge which is on this link. This has reduced the
impact especially in Gulbarga Town.
The road will terminate at the ROB, before
Gulbarga Town.
Perceived Positive Impact
4.34 The advantages of the project as perceived by the stakeholders were: (i) The project will
provide faster movement of people and goods which in turn would provide a boost to local as well as
State economy; (ii) The people also felt that the displaced shops would get a better opportunity
through the project to re-establish them in more organized place; (iii) The people felt that the
interconnectivity of settlements along the corridor will improve substantially; (iv) Help alleviate
development constraints in agriculture, commerce, education, health and social welfare; (v) Travel
time would be saved; and (vii)Better designs and safety measures will lead to reduction of accidents.
Perceived Negative Impact
4.35 Negative impacts perceived by the people are (i) Loss of land; (ii) Displacement of people;
(iii) Loss of livelihood; and (iv) Loss of community assets.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 37
Levels of Consultation
4.36 The consultation program is tiered and conducted at several levels that included, among
others, the following:
- Heads of households/members likely to be impacted
- Villagers and Village Panchayats
- Local voluntary organizations, CBOs/NGOs, Government agencies and Departments
- Project stakeholders, such as women, road-user groups and others.
Mitigation through realignments/bypasses and Design Alteration
4.37 There are a few built up places/villages/towns where the road improvement will have adverse
impacts on structures and livelihood of the people. In a number of places such Huliyurdurga in 63 C;
Madhugiri in 64 G, Koratagere in 63 E to mention a few realignments have been proposed. These
design changes have been taken based on the views expressed by the people and technical
considerations. In some places, the available alternative link roads have been considered such as the
National Highway connectivity near Kunigal Town. This design and planning measure has helped to
reduce the negative impact on structures and livelihood of the people.
4.38 However, sometimes the need for a bye pass/realignment as expressed by the people has to be
treated with caution. Those losing their land due to the realignment would be reluctant for the same
especially if they are losing irrigated/fertile land. In some villages for example, the people of the town
have in the public consultation have suggested a bye pass/realignment to the village. However, some
of the farmers losing their land for the realignment do not want the realignment/bye pass.
4.39 There are 2 major realignments proposed at Huliyurdurga and Koratagere. Proposals for
realignments have been fixed after detailed consultations with all the primary and secondary
stakeholders. The feed back received from the local people have also helped to minimise the impact of
COI/ proposed ROW between 14 to 16 mts. This has been arrived in consultation and in agreement
with the likely project affected people. While preparing the alignment design the same has been
considered in detail.
Design Cross- Sections
4.40 There are nine types of typical road cross sections proposed for upgradation roads. Distinct
design approaches have been followed to minimize negative impacts on the people. The Typical road
cross section for upgradation roads is given in Annex 4.18.
(i) UR 1 Rural Cross section: This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with 1.5 mts paved shoulder and
1.0 mts unpaved shoulder on either side.
(ii) UR 2 Rural Cross section (through village): This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with minimum
2.5 mts to a maximum of 4.5 mts paved shoulder and 1.0mts uncovered drains on each side.
(iii) UR 3 Urban Cross section in Built up area (with covered drain): This has a 7mts paved carriage
way, with minimum 2.5 mts to a maximum of 4.5 mts paved shoulder and 2.0 mts footpath on
either side, with the drains below the foot path.
(iv) UR 4 Urban Dual Lane Cross section in Built up area (with covered drain): This has 1.2 mts
median with a 7.5mts carriageway on either side and 2.00 mts footpath on either side, with the
drains below the foot path.
(v) UR 5 Rural Cross section in Sugarcane belt: This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with 2.5 mts
paved shoulder and 1.0mts unpaved shoulder on each side.
(vi) UR 6 Rural Cross section in Hilly Terrain: This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with 1.5 mts
paver block and 1.0mt verge and guard rail on the valley side and 0.8mts concrete drain with
0.5mts benching on the hill side.
(vii) UR 7 Rural Cross section in Cutting: This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with 1.5 mts paved
shoulder and 1.0mts paver block shoulder on each side, beyond which there is 0.8mt concrete
drain and 0.5 mts benching.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 38
(viii) UR 8 Urban Cross section with parking bays: This has a 7mts paved carriage way, with 2.5 mts
paved shoulder and 6.0mts parking bays on each side, beyond which there is a 2.0mt foot path
with drains below.
(ix) UR 9 Rigid Pavement rural cross section ( through village): This has a 7mts paved carriage
way, with minimum 2.5 mts to a maximum of 4.5 mts paved shoulder and 1.0 mt drain on either
side.
Mitigation through Design Cross Section
4.41 The changes that have been considered in the project through good designs to mitigate social
impacts include:
- Avoiding unnecessary displacement by modifying project alignments, reducing the width of the
corridor of impact, or modifying design based on rural and urban cross sections. At built up/
village sections where the road width is insufficient for expansion, design alternatives include
reduction of COI. In Dharwad town in 21 B, the public have expressed the view that if,
resettlement has to take place for a few houses, the whole colony have to be resettled. To avoid
such a situation the COI through the town has been reduced. In Package 4 for example the COI
was further reduced to minimize impact on borewells which are the only source of drinking
water in the region.
- Smoothening of curves and bends for better geometric design. In case where it affects
settlements, alignment changes were done.
- Minimal impact on residential and commercial structures thus minimising resettlement and loss
of livelihood.
- Paved shoulders to be maintained as far as possible to facilitate movement of non-motorised
traffic.
- Reducing design speed in built up areas;
- Reducing impacts on existing shrines and worship places;
- Providing suitable safety measures, such as speed reductions near schools and hospitals;
- Minimising the raising of roads in urban areas to prevent water seepage to the houses adjoining
the roads and;
- Providing access to businesses and residential units that would be otherwise impacted by
construction; and minimising losses of public and private property, such as tube wells, tree
plantations and other common property resources within the ROW, by minimising the width to
be cleared.
Road safety and Traffic Management measures
4.42 During the consultations safety of the roadside communities has been found to be a major
concern. A number of measures have been proposed to reduce the risk of traffic accidents Traffic
safety measures included: Conducting “Road safety Audits” has become a key responsibility as part
of the Highway Designs. Various road safety appurtenances, which should be adopted as a part of
improving the safety in the road design, are adopted in the project road designs:
4.43 Road Furniture details include: Road Markings; Cautionary, Mandatory and Informatory
signs; KM stones and 200m stones; Delineators and Object Markers; Guard Posts and Crash Barriers;
Road Humps & Rumble Strips; Reflective Pavement Markers (RPM) and Chevron signs and Median
& Footpath Barriers. In addition Bus bays, parking bays, truck lay byes with rest areas and detailed
improvements to major and minor intersections on the project road coupled with identification of
black spots are being dealt with.
4.44
Magnitude of Impacts Cultural properties and CPRs
4.45 There are no sites of archaeological importance or sacred groves within the COI for Stage I.
The project authorities would relocate cultural properties in alternative site such as places of worship
which are getting totally affected. The identification of alternative site will be done PIU in
consultation with the local user population of that particular cultural property. The alternative site for
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 39
construction will be provided by the GOK. In case government land is not available, the project
authorities will have to buy land to replace the cultural property. If the cultural properties are partially
affected the project authorities will compensate only the affected portion.
4.46 The project will impact 1646 community structures. There are: 3 High Schools, 12 Primary
School, 141 Temples, 44 Shrines, 109 Aralikattes, 182 Bus shelters, 220 Hand pumps, 200 MWS
tanks, 2 Anganwadi, 7 Mosques, 10 well etc. There are approximately 716 structures which are
getting partially affected including : Basement, Bore well, Compound wall, Fence, Flag pole, Govt.
Land, Public toilet, Pump house, School toilet, Water tank, Water tap, Sign board, Grave yard,
Statues, APMC check points. In major cases all the impacts are partial in nature as for example the
boundary wall of school, hospitals etc are getting affected. Package wise details are given in Annex
4.17.
4.47 All community assets getting affected need to be relocated before commencement of civil
works. The broad timetable for relocation of community assets is given in the Implementation
Schedule. The relocation of the community assets needs to be undertaken concurrently in all the
contract packages. The project authority will be responsible for the construction of the affected
community assets. The relocated community assets would be handed over to the local
community/trust for maintenance.
4.48 All hand pumps getting affected will be located depending on availability and depth of water
table. Water points, public taps and wells getting affected will also be similarly relocated. All affected
aralikattes, will be built by the project authorities, and in sites identified by the project-affected
groups. The project authorities will relocate all the bus shelters getting affected by widening of the
road. The location of the bus shelter were decided on the basis of the frequency of usage arrived
through the consultative process of the users and design requirements. The cost of relocation of
community assets to be borne by the project is provided in Chapter 8.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 40
CHAPTER V - IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
Institutional Arrangements
5.1. In KSHIP-I a dedicated unit called the Social Development and Resettlement Cell (SDRC)
was set up within the Project Implementation Unit for the implementation of the RAP. All aspects of
resettlement and rehabilitation and the delivery of entitlements are managed by Social
Development/Resettlement Cell (SDRC). One NGO was hired for implementation by the project and
concerned Zilla Parishad supporting implementation. In KSHIP –II modification have been proposed
to the existing institutional setup, based on the experiences gathered through the lessons learning on
implementation of KSHIP I and with in the changing scenario of the decision of the Government of
Karnataka where in KSHIP II the land acquisition will be done under the Karnataka Highways
Act,1964.
5.2. Based on KSHIP I experience the continuity of the Chief administrative Officer and
Additional Director Social Welfare (ADSW) is very important in over all implementation process of
R & R. Frequent transfers need to be minimized as it hampers smooth implementation. The GOK
needs to ensure the continuity of these officers for at least two years.
Social development and Resettlement Cell (SDRC) – KSHIP-II
5.3. The SDRC facilitates land acquisition and compensation, relocation and resettlement,
distribution of assistance for the PAPs. The SDRC is responsible for monitoring the implementation
of all resettlement and rehabilitation activities, including land acquisition. The responsibilities of
SDRC include:
(a) responsible for all land acquisition activities;
(b) liaison with State and District levels Departments to facilitate PAP access and take advantage of
services and programs already in place;
(c) evolve mechanisms for coordinating the delivery of the compensation and assistance to entitled
persons;
(d) review and provide social development perspectives and inputs to on-going project design and
implementation by working closely with project planners, contractors, and construction
supervision consultants;
(e) link the project with state government agencies, provide liaison with PWD field units and
impacted communities, coordinate with district-level committees regarding social development
and resettlement operations in the field, mobilize assisting NGO partners, and support the
organisation of local community representing PAPs; and
(f) engage required training services, oversee a grievance redressal process, actively monitor RAP
implementation, and cooperate with planned project evaluations.
SDRC and Staff Deployment
5.4. The RAP will be implemented by two divisions of PIU namely North Karnataka (Belgaum);
and South Karnataka (at Bangalore) division. After a series of discussions the PIU, have suggested
some modifications in the SDRC setup in the light of the Karnataka Highway Act, 1964 and proposed
KSHIPII. Staffing is complete for the proposed institutional set up. The key SDRC officials are:
5.5. Special DC Land Acquisition - Special Deputy Commissioner in the cadre of KAS will be the
in charge of the overall land acquisition (in place). He will be assisted by 2 Assistant Commissioners
for Land Acquisition who are responsible for all activities related to land acquisition. One Assistant
Commissioner will be stationed in the zonal office of North Karnataka (Belgaum) and the other one
would be stationed at PIU Office (South Zonal Office) in Bangalore.
5.6. Chief Administrative Officer –The CAO (in place) in the cadre of KAS will be responsible
for all resettlement and rehabilitation activities. The CAO will also be assisted by The Assistant
Director Social Welfare (ADSW) who will be responsible for R&R work. On the land acquisition side
CAO and the Assistant Commissioners will be responsible for fixing the negotiated price of the land
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 41
along with the affected persons according to the Karnataka Highways Act, 1964, and disbursing the
compensation. (See Chapter 5)
5.7. The Assistant Director Social Welfare (in place) is responsible for shifting of project affected
persons, co-ordination of disbursement of assistance such as shifting allowance etc., disbursement of
funds for income generating programmes, relief assistance, etc. The ADSW needs to have relevant
experience of at least 5 years in resettlement projects, with a minimum educational qualification of
Masters in Social Science. The experience of KSHIP I show that the frequent transfer of the ADSW
delayed the implementation job hence the continuity of the officer holding the post of ADSW is
important.
5.8. The Resettlement & Rehabilitation Manager (in place) will assist the ADSW and co-ordinate
all the rehabilitation work of the SDO’s. The R & R Manager has to have experience in resettlement
projects with minimum experience of 3 years, with a minimum educational qualification of Masters
Degree in Social Sciences.
5.9. The ADSW and the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Manager will be assisted by the Social
Development Officer (SDO). In addition four SDOs will be stationed in the Assistant Commissioners
Office to be located on North zone and PIU –South in Bangalore (already appointed). The
responsibility of SDO includes: support to resettlement and rehabilitation related work pertaining to
RAP implementation, like issue and the verification of ID cards, identification of local income
generation potential, monitoring rehabilitation works, providing assistance to vulnerable groups, co-
ordinating with NGOs etc. The SDO has to have a Masters degree in Social Sciences.
5.10. The SDOs will be assisted by the Social Welfare Inspectors (SWI). It is proposed to have 6
SWI each at the Assistant Commissioners Office North and at the PIU office, Bangalore. The SWI’s
are supporting staff to SDOs to carry out the functions as per the directions of SDOs.
5.11. The SDRC will have a Data Management Specialist. The responsibility of this person will be
to monitor and update the data of all the project affected persons; to highlight any discrepancy in
compensation and paid disbursed; and co-ordinate the inputs of information from the North and
South Divisions to the Central data base at PIU at Bangalore. The Data Management Specialist is to
be supported by additional staff. The PIU has already appointed the Consultants for data base
management. Information is ready to be transferred to the PIU for use in implementation. The
proposed SDRC institutional setup is given in Chart 5.1
Protection of RoW
5.12. Section 5 of the KHA mentions the Highway Authority will exercise power and discharge
duties in accordance with provisions of the KHA for restriction of ribbon development along the
highways and for prevention and removal of encroachments. The Highway Authority under Section 7
has power to fix boundary of building and control lines of highways. Section 21 mentions prevention
of unauthorized occupation of highway. Thus the onus of protecting the COI/RoW lies with the
Project Authority. Once the COI/Row has been identified and frozen, the COI/RoW has to be clearly
marked with boundary stones. Any new encroachment into the area will be monitored the Division
PWD, this has to be done through bi-monthly site inspection by the Divisional Engineer in charge.
Those Non-titleholders already identified by the project will be provided by Identity Cards issued by
the PIU. The bi-monthly site inspection will help to prevent further encroachments.
Valuation of other structures/assets
5.13. The valuation of structures and other assets, which have not been covered by the LAPs will be
carried out by Government approved valuators appointed by the PIU. Valuation will be done on the
basis of current PWD Schedule of Rates, without depreciation. Based on the valuation another 30%
will be given as top up. However, this will be approved and verified by the concerned Executive
Engineer. It will be forwarded to the PD for approval. Trees will be valued by the Horticulture/Forest
department.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 42
Roles and responsibilities of officials for RAP implementation
5.14. The Administrative roles and responsibilities and financial powers - existing and to be
delegated of the SDRC officials are given below. Delegations of financial powers have to done
through a Government Order.
Table 5.1: Administrative and Financial Responsibilities of officials and Agencies for RAP
Implementation Personnel
/Agency Administrative Roles & Responsibilities
Financial Powers
PIU Chief Project
Officer In charge of the overall project activities.
To decide on all policy matters regarding LA and
R&R.
Participate as a member secretary in the State level
Committees to facilitate land acquisition, pre-
construction activities, and implementation of R&R
activities.
Authorized to take decision in financial matters within
the provided budget.
Will be authorized to
make any additional
changes without
having to refer to the
Steering committee,
provided the amount is
within the budget
Project
Director Overall in charge of day to day activities of LA and
R&R.
Participate in State and District level meetings to
facilitate LA and R&R activities.
Responsible for contracting NGOs and M&E
consultants.
Periodic appraisal of progress and reporting to the
World Bank and the Government on monthly basis.
To approve awards
above Rs.50 lakhs to
Rs. 1 Crore.
To approve of R& R
assistance above 1
lakh.
SDRC Chief
Administrative
Officer
Responsible for all R&R activities
Co-ordinate the implementation of R&R activities with
PIU, field staff, engineering and revenue officials.
Approve of micro plans prepared by the NGOs for
implementing RAP.
Monitor the progress of R&R activities and LA
carried out by the NGO and M&E Consultants.
Hold periodic meetings on R&R implementation and
report to the PD and CPO.
Provide advisory support to PIU for monitoring of
RAP implementation.
To approve payments
for R&R assistance
upto Rs. 1 lakh per
individual.
Assistant
Director Social
Welfare
Assist CAO in the implementation of R&R activities.
Co-ordinate training for PIU and NGOs for capacity
building to implement R&R.
Facilitate development of resettlement sites and
agriculture land.
Participate in the allotment of residential and
commercial plots to the PAPs.
Liaison with district administration and line
departments for dovetailing government schemes for
income generating activities to PAPs.
Participate in the meetings of Grievance Redressal
Committee.
No financial powers
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 43
Personnel
/Agency Administrative Roles & Responsibilities
Financial Powers
Manager R&R Co-ordinate implementation of R&R activities with
PIU and field staff.
Facilitate the appointment of external agency for
impact evaluation and co-ordinate evaluation activities
to be taken up by the implementing NGO.
Assist CAO to perform R&R activities.
Review the work in finalization of resettlement site
development.
Prepare monthly progress report for the SDRC and
Land Acquisition.
Monitor the R&R report and submit to CAO and PD.
No financial powers
LAND
ACQUISITION
Special DC
Land
Acquisition
Co-ordinate Land acquisition process with Tahsildar at
field.
Prepare guidelines and procedures to be adopted for
land acquisition.
Interact with District officials and other stakeholders to
speed up the land acquisition process.
Monitor land acquisition and report progress to CPO
and PD.
To approve awards
upto Rs.50 lakhs,
Assistant
Commissioner-
LAO
Assist CAO and Sp. DC LA to perform R&R and Land
Acquisition activities.
Make budgetary provisions
No financial powers
Tahsildar Overall responsible for land acquisition as land
acquisition officer.
Co-ordinate the preparation of Land Plan Schedules
with Consultants and monitor the same.
Facilitate the preparation and submission of Section 15
notification under KHA for land acquisition.
Prpepare progress report on physical and financial
monitoring of LA and submit to DC LA.
No financial powers
FIELD UNIT Executive
Engineer Participate in District level meetings.
Oversee the process of implementation of RAP in the
field.
Ensure the preconstruction work is done before
handing over site to contractor.
Oversee the process of land acquisition, shifting of
CPRs and other assets in the field.
Scrutinise and certify the structures valuation report
submitted by the valuators.
CO-ordinate selection of resettlement site.
Conduct periodic review with staff
Submit monthly progress reports to PD on R&R
activities.
No financial powers
Assistant
Executive
Engineer
Responsible for pre construction work in his
jurisdiction.
Finalization and demarcation of COI.
Co-ordinate with NGO/M&E consultants and SDO to
carry out R&R activities.
Co-ordinate with valuers for preparations of estimates.
Support SDO/NGO for selection of resettlement site.
No financial powers
Social
Development
Officer
Overall responsible for R&R activities in the field
Liaison with District administration and line
departments for dovetailing government schemes.
No financial powers
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 44
Personnel
/Agency Administrative Roles & Responsibilities
Financial Powers
Make budget provision for R&R activities
Participate in allotment of sites to PAPs.
Co-ordinate with NGO/M&E consultants for
implementation of R&R.
Facilitate opening of Joint Accounts for PAPs for
transfer of R&R assistance through cheque.
Co-ordinate to disseminate the R&R policy in local
language.
Facilitate public consultation on R&R Policy with
NGO/ Revenue/ PWD officials.
Organize meetings with NGOs to review progress at
district level and submit to R&R Manager and CAO at
PIU.
Social Welfare
Inspectors Responsible for maintaining the R&R work at division
wise.
Assist NGO for selection of resettlement site.
Assist M&E /NGO to conduct training for PAP on
IGA
Co-ordinate with SDO/EE at filed level for
disbursement of R&R assistance.
Ensure all eligible PAPs are awarded compensation.
Attend monthly meeting at district level and submit
monthly progress report to R&R Manager and ADSW.
No financial
powers
DATA BASE Data
Management
Specialist
Responsible for maintaining the database of the PAPs.
Responsible for maintaining the database of overall
physical and financial progress.
Co-ordination of the database for SDRC.
The implementation of R&R activities by NGOs to be
maintained.
Provide necessary formats for collection of field
information.
Co-ordinate with SDRC to prepare and maintain the
progress report.
Maintain the records of grievance redressal committee.
Co-ordinate the inputs of data form North and South
Divisions.
Identify discrepancies in disbursement.
No financial
powers
EXTERNAL
AGENCIES
NGO Responsible for providing PIU support for
implementation of RAP.
Verification of PAPs.
Distribution of ID cards.
Preparation of micro plans.
Dissemination of information.
Assist to PAPs to avail R&R assistance and
compensation.
Identify resettlement /vendor market sites.
Identify training needs and provide the same.
Facilitate in opening joint accounts.
Enable PAPs to identify alternate sites for house/shop
Assist PAPs to relocate.
Provide monthly progress reports on implementation
No financial
powers
M&E
Consultants Conduct monitoring of RAP implementation activities. No financial
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 45
Personnel
/Agency Administrative Roles & Responsibilities
Financial Powers
Conduct internal, external and concurrent monitoring.
Provide early alert to PIU to redress any potential
problems.
Monitor target achievements and slippages.
Certification of readiness from LA and R&R view at
the time of issuing bid documents and award of
contract.
powers
Grievance
Redressal
Committee.
Support PAPs in resolving issues related to R&R and
LA.
Record grievance and resolve them within stipulated
time.
Inform PIU about any serious cases.
Report to the aggrieved parties about the decisions of
the PIU.
No financial
powers
Negotiation
Committee. Negotiate the consent price of land No financial
powers
Competent Authority for various Approval
5.15. The table below identifies the competent Authority for various approvals during
implementation.
Table 5.2: Competent Authority for Approvals Approvals Required Competent Authority
Approval for LA awards Special DC LA and PD, PIU; Notification by
Government
Approval for Roles & Responsibilities for SDRC officials
and staff
Steering Committee
R&R Policy/ Entitlements and amendments to Policy Government
RAP and Budget Steering Committee
Changes in R&R Policy/RAP implementation and
entitlements
Government
RIPs CPO
Consultants/NGOs output CAO
Fixing compensation rate Price Negotiation Committee – District level
Approval for issue of ID cards CAO PIU jointly by Engineers/ Revenue /NGO.
Approval of disbursement of Assistance CAO; PD
Approval for structure valuation with land Preparation By Divisional EE/ valuators and approval
by PD and Special DC LA
Approval for structure valuation without land Preparation By Divisional EE/ valuators and approval
PD
Approval for shifting and relocation of community assets Estimate preparation by Divisional EE and approval
by PD
Approval for requirement of Resettlement site , vendor
market for PAFs
CAO, PD
Approval for any grievance related to R&R Grievance Redressal Committee
Implementation support by NGOs
5.16. The work of the NGO will include consultations and counseling of PAPs, encouraging PAPs
for productive utilization of compensation and rehabilitation grants, facilitating PAP access to income
generating assets, increasing the social acceptability, ensuring effectiveness of training programs
organized for PAPs electing participation in self employment schemes etc. The performance of the
NGOs in KSHIP I was not as effective as expected. Drawn upon the experiences of KSHIP I, the
SDRC has to ensure that the NGO has sufficient experience in implementation of resettlement project,
especially in Karnataka and it has to have adequate manpower.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 46
5.17. Considering the capacity constraints of NGOs as experienced by the PIU through KSHIP and
also the spatial distribution of roads through out the state, hiring the support of two NGOs was
decided for speedy implementation of the project and a better control on implementation schedules in
coordination with civil works contract.
5.18. The NGO will work as a link between the PIU - SDR Cell and the affected community. They
will educate the PAPs on the need to implement the Project, on aspects relating to LA and R&R
measures and ensures proper utilization of various compensations extended to the PAPs under the
R&R entitlement package. The tasks of the NGO will be to facilitate the resettlement process. Its
broad objectives will be:
1. Identification, verification and updating of PAP Census, Includes verification of properties of
PAPs and estimation of their type and level of losses for the preparation micro plans and ID
Cards.
2. Develop micro plans in consultation with the PAPs and PIU staff.
3. Educate PAPs on their rights, entitlements, and obligations under the RAP; Assist the PAPs to
identify suitable alternate land for resettlement purposes;
4. Preparation and Distribution of Entitlement cum Identity Card. All eligible project affected
families will be issued Identity Cards, giving details of the type of losses and type of entitlements.
A copy of the ID card is given in Annex 5.1.
5. Ensure that PAPs receive their full entitlements; Where options are available, the NGO will
provide advice to PAPs on benefits of each option; Ensure proper utilization by the PAPs of
various compensations available under the R&R package; Assist the PAPs in getting benefits
from various government development programs;
6. Rehabilitation of Affected Families and restoration of Income and Livelihood. The NGO will help
the communities derive maximum benefits out of the project without loosing their livelihoods and
the least impact on socio-cultural aspects of their lives.
7. Assist PAPs on grievance redressal through the established system; and
8. Will relocate PAPs. Assist PIU in making arrangements for the smooth relocation of the PAPs;
No Physical relocation from agriculture land, residential units, commercial establishments or
other immovable properties will begin before alternate arrangements are made.
9. Any other responsibility that may be assigned by the PIU for the welfare of the affected
communities.
5.19. In order to carry out the above tasks, NGO staff will be stationed in the site offices. Besides
contacting the PAPs on an individual basis to regularly update the baseline information, group
meetings and village-level meetings will be conducted by the support agency on a regular basis. The
frequencies of such meetings will depend on the requirements of the PAPs but should occur at least
once a month. The support agency will have to encourage participation of individual APs in such
meeting by discussing their problems regarding LA, R&R and other aspects relating to their socio-
economic lives. Such participation will make it easier to find a solution acceptable to all involved
5.20. The services of the NGO will be maintained till the completion of RAP implementation. The
ToR for the NGO is given in the Annex 5.2.
Monitoring and Evaluation
5.21. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) are critical activities in involuntary resettlement.
Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plan.
It provides the feed back necessary for project management to keep the programmes on schedule. By
contrast, evaluation is essentially a summing up, the end of the project assessment of whether those
activities actually achieved their intended aims. Monitoring provides both working system for project
managers and a channel for the resettles to make known their needs and their reactions to resettlement
execution. Monitoring exercise will be undertaken both internally and externally. For the external
consultants the Terms of reference for M&E consultant has been placed as Annex 5.3.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 47
5.22. While SDRC/PIU on monthly basis will carry out the project’s internal monitoring and
external agency will be appointed for third party monitoring. External agency will conduct quarterly
monitoring mid term and concurrent evaluation. End Evaluation will be carried out by another agency
not associated with implementation. Indicators, which will be monitored during the project, may be
divided into two categories.
Process and output indicators or internal monitoring
Outcome/impact indicators or external monitoring
5.23. Monitoring is essentially an exercise in strategic learning that can and should be used for
enhancing the quality of RP implementation. There are two types of monitoring being undertaken
namely (a) Internal, which is normally carried out by the project authority itself and (b) external or
independent monitoring by an external agency.
Internal monitoring
5.24. The internal monitoring is a conventional monitoring of government related to physical
factors such as, number of families affected, resettled, assistance extended infrastructure facilities
provided, etc. and other financial aspects, such as compensation paid, grant extended, etc. the internal
M&E must be simultaneous with the implementation of the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP).
5.25. The objectives of the internal monitoring are: (i) Daily Operations Planning; (ii) Management
and Implementation and (iii) Operational Trouble shooting and Feedback. The periodicity of internal
monitoring could be daily or weekly depending on the issues and level.
External monitoring
5.26. An external monitoring and Concurrent evaluation agency will be appointed to monitor and
evaluate R&R programmes on periodical basis. The role of such an agency will facilitate process of
R&R and thus provide support in the proper implementation of rehabilitation programmes. It should
also bring the difficulties faced by the PAPs to the notice of PIU so as to help in formulating
corrective measures. As a feedback to the PIU and other concerned, the external agency should submit
quarterly report on progress made relating to different aspect of R&R. The agency will also certify the
completion of LA and R&R activities for issuing bid documents and award from LA and R&R point
of view.
5.27. The tasks of the external monitoring are:
To track resettled and host population over time in order to document the restoration of incomes
and standard of living.
Determine remedial action if required.
If income and standard of living of the PAPs has at least been restored and has not declined.
In case of host population, whether income and standard of living of host population have not
declined due to influence of resettlers.
Whether resettlers and host population has re-integrated with each other.
Certification of satisfactory completion of pre identified actions prior to issue of bids and award
of contract.
Concurrent Evaluation
5.28. This evaluation will be carried out simultaneously with the monitoring. For concurrent Impact
Evaluation the M& E Consultant shall:
i. Verify whether the objectives of resettlements have been realized, particularly the changes in the in
the living standards;
ii. Impact assessment is to be compared with the baseline values for key socioeconomic as given in
the RAP. If such information is not available information based on the same time of survey, has to
be collected on recall basis;
iii. to assess whether the compensation is adequate to replace the lost assets;
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 48
iv. to assess how the compensation has been utilized;
v. assess the perceived benefits and losses of resettlement
vi. Assess the level of satisfaction of the various assets provided as part of R&R implementation;
vii. Based on the impact assessment, suitable remedial measure are to be proposed for any
shortcomings and;
viii. Remedial measure if PAPs are not able to improve their living standards.
Table 5.3: Monitoring Indicators for Physical Progress
Sl.
No.
Monitoring Indicators for
Physical Progress
Implemen
tation
Target
(Nos)
Revised
Implementation
Target
Progress
This
Month
Cumulative
Progress
% against
Revised
Implementation
Target
1 Land Acquired- private 215.93 ha
2 Land transferred – Government 9.36 ha
3
Compensation for loss of
Residential and Commercial
structure to title holder.
609
4 Shifting assistance to Title holder
for Residential and commercial 130
5
Subsistence allowance for
residential and commercial
structures for titleholder.
130
6 Alternative shop/or IGA for
commercial structure (owner) 65
7 Residential tenants to be paid
rental allowance 8
8 Commercial tenants to be paid
rental allowance 229
9 Shifting assistance for tenants 237
10 Income generating Assets for
Commercial tenants. 229
11 Residential Structure for squatters 78
12 Shifting allowance for Residential
and commercial squatters 1098
13 Commercial squatter for shop or
IGA 1024
14
Subsistence allowance for
Residential and commercial
squatters
1098
15 Vulnerable groups 1644
16 Cattle Shed 47
17 Community Assets 1648
Table 5.4: Financial Indicators for Progress
Sl. No. Category Estimated Cost (Rs. In
Crores)
Progress this
month
1 Land Acquisition 38.47
2 R&R Works 46.18
3 R&R Assistance 48.52
4 NGO Services & M & E Services 1.05
5 R&R Goods 0.91
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 49
Table 5.5 - Monitoring Of GRC
Sl.
No. Particulars
1st
Quarter
2nd
Quarter
3rd
Quarter
4th
Quarter
1 No. of cases referred to GRC
2 No. of cases settled by GRC
3 No. of cases pending with GRC
4 Average time taken for settlement of cases
5 No. of GRC meetings
6 Number of PAPs moved to court
7 No. of pending cases with the court
8 No. of cases settled by the court
9 No. of GRC meetings
End Impact Evaluation
5.29. The impact evaluation will be carried out after the implementation of RAP is over. This is
never and easy matters to determine. Financial considerations often require an impact evaluation
shortly before or after the project concludes. However, project continuous to evolve overtime.
Therefore it is suggested, that if required, second impact evaluation be carried out after three to five
years of project conclusion as retrofit survey.
Table 5.6: Impact Indicators
Impact Indicators Pre project baseline Mid Term
Evaluation
End Project
Evaluation
ECONOMIC
Annual Income< Rs.26000 57.05%
Average annual income of Rs. 36,145
Occupation ( Major impact)
1.Agriculture
2.Agriculture labour
3.Trade & Commerce
4. Professionals
39.7%
19.32%
30.33%
0.81%
1.No. of Farmers 744
2.Total loss of land 2
Average land holding size
1.2 ha for dry land
0.43 ha for wet land
2. Indebtness- Total No of
PAFs who borrowed
3.93 %
3. Average amount borrowed Rs.62,663.79
HOUSING ( N= 160)
Housing
1.Pucca
2. Semi Pucca
3. Kutcha
35.77%
15.33%
48.91%
1. Average area of house 34.85 sqm
1. Electrified houses
2. Water supply piped
30.65%
6.56%
ASSET OWNERSHIP
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 50
Impact Indicators Pre project baseline Mid Term
Evaluation
End Project
Evaluation
ECONOMIC
OWNERS
1.Television
2.Refrigerators
3.Cooking gas
4. Telephone
5. 2/4 wheeler
SQUATTERS
Television
2.Refrigerators
3.Cooking gas
4. Telephone
5. 2/4 wheeler
2.92%
0.04%
1.29%
1.49%
0.88%
7.6%
1.49%
3.3%
3.73%
3.73%
5.30. Impact evaluation will look at all the affected populations; self-relocate; assisted resettled
population; host population. Further this larger population will be further broken down into vulnerable
segments of each population. Impact evaluation will be carried out on randomly selected segment of
population.
Grievance Redressal Committee
5.31. The project will establish a Grievance Redressal process, with district-level committees. Each
District Grievance Redressal Committee will have representation from the local affected population
and the NGOs involved in RAP implementation. These committees will hear complaints and facilitate
solutions; and the process, as a whole, will promote dispute settlement through mediation to reduce
unnecessary litigation. In KSHIP I Grievance Redressal Committees (GRC) were set up in each
district headed by the Deputy Commissioner (DC) of the respective districts. The GRC of each
District had representation from the local affected population and the NGOs involved in RAP
implementation. Other members of the committee are Zilla Panchayat Chief Executive Officer (ZP,
CEO) and the Executive Engineer of the Project Division who function as the Member Secretary.
5.32. In KSHIP-II, the following persons will constitute the District Level Grievance Redressal Cell :
1. Deputy Commissioner Chairman
2. Representative form social sector / Academia /
Retired Government officer (To be selected by DC) Member
3. Representative of PAP (To be selected by DC) Member
4. Executive Engineer of Concerned Division Convener
5.33. The main functions of the GRC will be:
a. to provide support to PAPs on problems arising out of eligibility for RAP-provided entitlements
and assistance provided;
b. to record the grievances of the PAPs, and categorize, prioritize and solve them within one month;
c. to inform PIU of serious cases within one week; and
d. to report to the aggrieved parties about the developments regarding their grievance and decisions
of the PIU, within one month.
5.34. The Grievance Committees will meet regularly during implementation of the RAP, at least
once a month. The committees will suggest corrective measures at the field level itself and fix
responsibilities for implementation of its decisions. However the NGOs will form the first level of
intervention in resolving PAP related grievances and attempt to motivate the PAP to facilitate
implementation of the R&R program. The option of contacting the project authorities is available to
PAPs at any time. The Deputy Commissioner will be the Appellate Authority. The steps in the GRC
are:
1. At the first level intervention the NGO will attempt to resolve the grievance;
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 51
2. Next the CAO will attempt to address land related grievance and the ADSW will address the non-
land related grievances;
3. The third step will be to approach the Grievance Redressal Committee;
4. Next they can Approach the concerned Regional Commissioner who is the Appellate Authority;
5. If all the above fails, the PAPs can approach the court.
5.35. It is the responsibility of the SDRC/NGO to inform the affected persons of the GRC, to make
it effective.
Capacity Building and Training
5.36. The capacity building and training of the PIU/SDRC is important for successful and timely
implementation of RAP. To enhance capabilities, the SDRC staff will be given in house training
periodically (once in six months at least). All SDRC officers and staff have to attend training
programmes. It is recommended that officers in charge of R&R and LA be provided R&R training at
an International platform or at the World Bank Head Quarters at Washington. Training will cover
techniques in conducting participatory rural appraisal for micro-planning, conducting census socio-
economic surveys, dissemination of information, community consultation and progress monitoring
and evaluation. In house training will be carried out by professional identified by the PIU. Local
institutes such as the Indian Institute of Management, Institute for Social and Economic Change and
private consultants can be identified for training.
Table 5.7: In house Training programme
Staff Training Module
PIU CAO ; DC LA; ADSW ;
R&R Manager; SDO ;
SWI
R&R Policy, National State, World Banks; Socio Economic
and Census Survey ; Checklist for R&R; Implementation
Schedule ; Training Needs Assessment ;Monitoring indicators;
Dissemination of information ; Preparation of RAP, LAP,
Disbursement method, disclosure of documents; Best practices
of other R&R projects
FIELD EE ; AEE ; Revenue
Measurement of structures; Valuation procedures;
Resettlement site selection; Minimizing resettlement;
preparation of LAPs, Disbursement method.; Shifting of CPRs
EXTERNAL NGOs ; M&E Government schemes; Disbursement methods; public
consultation; income generating activities.
Administering the payment of R&R Assistance
1. All Entitlements to be provided will be verified by the NGO against losses incurred;
2. Information will be updated in the data base,
3. Bank accounts are to be opened for all beneficiaries;
4. The CAO will authorize payment of R&R assistance.
5. All payments will be made through Cheque, directly to the beneficiary.
6. PAPs who are in more than one vulnerable category will be paid only once.
Development of Vendor markets
5.37. Shopping units with 100-150 sq.ft will be constructed if more than 20 shops are affected in a
continuous stretch of 2kms and opt for shop.
Development of Resettlement Centers
1. Resettlement Centers will be developed if more than 20 families are displaced in a continuous
stretch of 2 kms and wish to relocate to the resettlement center.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 52
2. SDO and SWI along with NGO staff will identify the site and inform to the R&R Manager. R&R
Manger will examine the site and make a proposal and submit to the Executive Engineer at the
Division level. After the approval of EE it will be sent to the PD for financial approval.
3. Alternative houses will be provided in resettlement colony if the beneficiary opts for the same or
developed plot and construction cost of Rs. 40,000 linked to construction progress.
4. Plot size will be equivalent to size lost subject to a maximum of 369 sqmt/1200sqft in rural area
and 184 sqmts /600 sqft in urban areas.
5. House of up 832 sqmt/ 300sqft in rural areas and 75 sqm/250 sqft in urban area.
5.38. Resettlement site selection involve the following steps :
1. Site selection - Site selection is to be done based on available land, maps and data available for
evaluating potential sites. Site selection should be discussed with the PAPs, their representatives
and local officials prior to being finalised.
2. Feasibility studies - Detailed studies to determine the technical and economic feasibility of the
proposed activities is to be carried out and should include land development and cost estimates.
Sites not found economically viable or environmentally unsuitable should be rejected.
3. Detailed designs and land purchase - The PAPs final agreement on site development needs to be
obtained along with the host community’s acceptance of resettlement arrangements. Care should
be taken to purchase contiguous plots of land to reduce costs of infrastructure development.
4. Final Design and Constructions - Housing for PAFs and provision of basic infrastructure
activities are pre-requisites to the movement of PAFs
5. Movement of PAFs - Moving should take place only when the sites are ready with the minimal
basic amenities. Food distribution is necessary during the transport period and few days
following the arrival at new site.
6. Organization of community life and support services – Initial training of resettlement staff,
extension workers and PAP representatives should start prior to the actual movement of the
people.
Tenurial Rights
5.39. The plot in the Resettlement Colony and the shops in the vendor markets will be in the name
of the beneficiary. Allotment of shops and sites will be done by SDRC after getting it from the
Revenue Department and legal deeds will be issued by the Tahsildar.
Environmental Aspects
5.40. Some of the criteria to be considered are: (i) Lands notified, as water body should be avoided;
(ii) Irrigated agriculture lands should be avoided; (iii) Lands notified, as forest should be avoided
including forests coming under Panchayat; (iv) Resettlement sites nearer to the water bodies
(including ponds and canals) are to be avoided to prevent water borne diseases;(v) Lands under
plantation are to be avoided; and (vi) the resettlement sites should be at least 10 km away from
ecologically sensitive areas.
Social Aspects
(i) Lands owned by the vulnerable communities should be avoided for resettlement sites. This
includes SC/ST, women headed households and households below poverty line, lands owned by small
and marginal farmers should not be acquired for resettlement sites; (ii) PAPs and host community
should be consulted for mutual acceptance of the presence of each other.
Basic amenities and facilities
a. Proposed site should be close to the existing site and should not be more than 500m away from
the end of the settlement.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 53
b. Electricity and drinking water sources should be available with in 500 m distance from the
proposed site.
c. Propose d resettlement site should have an access road at least earthen road/car track
d. Primary school should be close to the existing site.
e. Nearest bus stop should be with in 500m from the meeting point of main road with access road.
f. Proposed resettlement site should be with in 1km from main road.
g. Only 50% of the total area is for residential and commercial use. The remaining area is for other
use.
h. Approach road to be 60’ wide, with internal roads at widths of 40’ and 30’.
i. Surface drains and masonry culverts are provided to all roads.
j. Roadsides, parks and open areas for future use to be planted with trees.
k. Commercial and industrial areas to be earmarked appropriately
l. Sites to be demarcated and numbered
m. Provisions to be made for : Primary School / High School ; Shopping Complex; Samaja Mandira /
Anganawadi; Temple / Masjid / Church; Water supply / open wells / borewells / cisterns; Ration
Shops; Burial/cremation ground; Primary Health Unit (depending on the size of the unit );Street
light; Bus shelter; Public toilets
5.41. As far as possible RC’s are to be located close to grazing lands and main roads. 25%
additional sites earmarked for future development. The construction of all public buildings, internal
roads, and demarcation of sites will be undertaken by the Project. The project will undertake all water
supply works, distribution of lines construction of storage tanks etc., and will also execute all
electrification works. The SDRC will be responsible for the overall co-ordination of the work.
Income restoration measures
5.42. The basic objective of income restoration activities is that no project-affected person shall be
worse off than before the project. Restoration of pre-project levels of income is an important part of
rehabilitating individuals, households, and socio-economic and cultural systems in affected
communities. Income restoration schemes will be designed in consultation with affected persons so as
to benefit them. Based on the information collected on IR activities from the census socio-economic
surveys, the implementing NGO will identify suitable IR programme for the affected persons.
Impact Categories and IR Schemes
5.43. Project-induced displacement may lead to loss or diminished income for Project Affected
Person (PAPs). The main categories of impacts expected as a result of project land and property
acquisition include: (a) Loss of agriculture land in part or full; (b) Loss of commercial establishments
and(c) Loss of livelihood as employees.
5.44. The economic rehabilitation assistance money will be deposited in bank accounts to be
released only for the purchase of income generating assets. Women-headed households will be
assisted in identifying alternative space in adjacent areas for continuing their trade or vocations. These
households will have to be given preference in disbursement of assistance. The SDRC will use its
good offices with local authorities to facilitate early rehabilitation of these women headed households.
PAPs losing their livelihood as employees will be provided subsistence assistance and option for
training for self employment.
IR Activities
There are two types of IR activities, i.e. short term and long term.
5.45. Short Term IR activities: Short-term IR activities mean restoring APs’ income during
periods immediately before and after relocation. For this, the support NGO shall ensure that:
compensation and R&R assistance as provided in the entitlement matrix is provided. Other works
include work in the project construction activities and other allied activities such as work on
resettlement sites etc.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 54
5.46. Long Term IR Activities: This includes provision of shops for those losing their total
livelihood, to re-establish their commercial activities. Shopping units with 100-150 sq.ft will be
constructed if more than 20 shops are affected in a continuous stretch of 2 kms and opt for shop. It
also includes purchase of income generating assets upto Rs. 60,000. In case the amount used is less
than this, the beneficiary will get the remaining amount after one year of successful completion of the
activity, which will be monitored by the NGO.
5.47. The steps to be followed for income restoration include:
5.48. Step 1: Identification of Target Groups – NGOs need to identify the affected persons;
5.49. Step 2: Identification of IR Activities - Prepare a list of possible and feasible income
restoration options. While identifying IR options, the following factors shall also be considered: (i)
Education level of APs; (ii) Skill possession;(iii)Likely economic activities in the post displacement
period; (iii) Extent of land left; (iii) Suitability of economic activity to supplement the income;
(iv)Market potential and marketing facilities. Based on socio-economic characteristics and options
preferred by APs, the NGO may have to re-assign trades to PAPs. Options include (i) petty trade (iii)
skill related schemes and loans for pumps, bore wells, bullock carts etc to increase productivity. The
NGO will assist PAPs in identifying appropriate alternative economic rehabilitation schemes through
counselling and consultation.
5.50. Step 3: Training: Option for training for skill enhancement for those losing their livelihood
has been provided in the Entitlement Matrix for owners losing commercial structure and employees
losing their livelihood.
5.51. Step 4: Identification of Trainers / Training Institutes: Based on trades selected, NGO shall
have to identify master trainer and/or training institute for different trades / activities who can provide
on the job training.
5.52. Step 5: Training Arrangement: NGO shall make different groups of PAPs as per trades
selected and make all the arrangements such as fixing the venue etc.
5.53. Step 6: Monitoring of APs: After training the NGO shall monitor the PAPs in order to take
mid-term correction measures, if required.
Reconstruction of affected community structures
5.54. The project authorities will replace and reconstruct all community assets before demolition.
For shifting of community assets the NGO will (i) consult with the community along with the SDO
and identify alternative land- the land identified has to be government land wherever possible, or
given as donation in some cases; (iii) owner consent letter has to be signed by the donor /owner in the
prescribed format prepared by the NGO (name, place, survey nos., site measurement) (iv) the
reconstruction will be carried out by the local contractors; (iv) the KSHIP Assistant Executive
Engineer of the division will be responsible for monitoring the work; and(v) the cost for the
relocation and reconstruction will be paid by the project.
Data Base Management
5.55. A census Database has been created by the consultants. This database will be transferred to
the SDRC, for upgradation and further use. The main purpose of the data base and use will be to (i)
track progress of R&R implementation (ii) for determining the entitlements to be paid; (iii) track
pending entitlements and amounts; (iv)organizing outputs for periodical reports and other project
requirements; and (v) establishing input formats . The SDRC will hire data base management
consultants for the management, monitoring and updating of the data. The Database consultants will
be responsible for (i) modifying the input/ output formats to the project requirements;(ii)Training of
SDRC staffs and other field level staffs ;(iii) aid the NGO in finalizing the entitlements of each PAPs
and PAHs ; (vi) provide for decision making at the PIU;(vii) Monitor and regulate the land
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 55
acquisition, distribution of compensation and assistance, grievance redressal and financial progress.
The database consultants will need to depute data entry operators in the offices of the Assistant
Commissioner North and South. The data in the HQ will be updated based on the information sent by
the division office. The data base will be developed to suit the requirements of implementation and
monitoring payments. The data base Information will be made web enabled (based on consultation
with SDRC).
Public Consultation and Disclosure
5.56. In order to make the RAP implementation process transparent, a series of public disclosure
meetings were held. The aim of the meeting was to disclose the draft RAP and the entitlement Policy
to the stakeholders for dissemination of information regarding rehabilitation process and entitlement
framework. The objective of the consultations are (i) understand the view of the PAFs on
rehabilitation and resettlement issues; (ii) facilitate development of appropriate and acceptable
entitlement option (iii) make the resettlement and process transparent and (iv) reduce problem of
institutional co-ordination.
5.57. Six public consultations were held. The consultation process involved (i) publication about
the meeting in local newspapers (ii) information to PAPs through individual notices and (iii)
interaction with the SDRC officials and other line departments during the meetings. The meetings
were conducted by the SDRC Cell included the officers of PIU SDCRC, the engineers from the
Division offices, local body members, revenue department officers , the affected persons and NGOS.
The main issues that were discussed and the feedback received from the PAPS during the
consultations and the response of the PIU has been summarized below.
Table 5.8: Disclosure and Consultations Highlights
Issues raised PIU response
1. All land losers wanted Rs.20,000 as
additional compensation.
It was explained that this was only for those losing a
narrow stretch of land upto 5 guntas of land and it was in
lieu of all other benefits. However all land losers will be
getting compensation based on negotiations.
2. People wanted equal water yielding
borewell.
Based on this the entitlement policy has been further
improved and the following has been added” location of
the borewell will be identified by the affected person in
the remaining land holding. In case water is not available
replacement cost of the borewell at current PWD SR
rates + 30% solatium will be given”
3. People wanted new names to be
added to list of Project affected
persons.
It was explained that only those present during the date
of census survey will be considered in the list of Non
titleholders; and for titleholders the date of 15(1)
Notification will be considered. Those not listed will
have to show sufficient proof that they were left out from
the survey if they want to be included in the list.
4. People asked for compensation for
trees planted by them in the RoW.
It was explained that since the tress were on Government
land, the project will not pay any compensation for the
trees.
5. People asked for market price of
land.
It was explained that the land losers will be getting
market prices as the prices will be fixed by the
negotiation committee after consulting the farmers.
6. Land losers asked for training
facilities and job opportunities in the
construction work.
Based on this requirement, the PIU has added a
component of training for marginal and landless farmers
in the entitlement matrix. It has also been added that job
opportunities may be provided by the contractors
depending on the requirement and the skills of the PAPs.
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 56
The details of the meetings and are given below. Photographs have been provided in the
Annexure 5.5.
Table 5.9: Details of Consultations held
Sl.
No. Location
No. of Project Affected
Participants Date
Titleholders Non-Titleholders
1 67A & 67B at H Cross, Bangalore Rural Dist. 15 95 11.02.2010
2 T8 at Sangur, Haveri 110 95 17.02.2010
3 21B at Harobelavadi, Dharwad 40 110 18.02.2010
4 M7D at Lakkikoppa, Haveri 150 100 20.02.2010
5 13A & 13B at Jalahalli, Raichur 20 155 23.02.2010
6 6C at Gabbur (B), Gulbarga 10 80 24.02.2010
5.58. The salient features of RAP and the R&R policy has been translated in Kannada and has been
disclosed through the PWD, Government of Karnataka Website. In addition brochure of the Land
Acquisition and the R&R Policy will also be provided during implementation. The documents to be
available in public domain will include (i) RAP and entitlements; (ii) RIP and (iii) list of beneficiary.
All copies will be kept in: (i) State Government Library at Bangalore; (ii) - District libraries of the 14
districts of the project; and (iii) in the Panchayat offices along the project roads. The RAP document
will also be available at the World Bank Info Shop at Washington DC and New Delhi as per the
Disclosure Requirements of BP 17.50 of the WB.
Co-ordination with civil works and certification
5.59. The resettlement program will be co-coordinated with the timing of civil works. The required
co-ordination has contractual implications, and will be considered in procurement and bidding
schedules, award of contracts, and release of cleared COI sections to project contractors. The project
will provide adequate notification, counseling and assistance to affected people so that they are able to
move or give up their assets without undue hardship before commencement of civil works and after
receiving the compensation. The RAP implementation schedule is provided in Chart 7.2. This
provides the key benchmarks of implementing the RAP. All other activities related to implementation
and land acquisition will be undertaken simultaneously.
5.60. Actions to be completed before prior to bid and award of contract include: (i) Resettlement
Implementation Plan should have been approved by the GoK and Bank for respective contract
packages; (ii) the RIP should have been disclosed in the web site and other public places accessible to
the local people ;(iii) the first notification for private land acquisition should have been issued; (iv) the
issue of identity cards to eligible project affected families should have been completed. The actions to
be completed prior to handing over of the first milestone stretches to the contractor includes: (i) The
private land acquisition should have been completed and compensation offered to the land owners for
Section 1; (ii) The Government land should have been transferred or no objection should have been
obtained from the land owning agency for Section I; (iii) The community assets should have been
extended to all project affected families in Section 1 and (v) the remaining land acquisition, R&R
assistance and relocation of community assets for second milestone in WEP 1 should be completed
within 6 months of award of contract and prior to handing of the site to the contractor.
5.61. It is the responsibility of the PIU to ensure that the RAP is successfully implemented in a
timely manner. The implementation schedule needs to be updated periodically and monitored
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 57
judiciously. The completion of R&R activities will be certified by the M&E consultants. Resettlement
and Rehabilitation is complete only when the following criteria are met:
a. All legal compensation both for land and structure must be paid;
b. At least 80% must have received compensation;
c. All eligible PAPs must have alternative house and economic rehabilitation must be complete;
d. At least 80% of all eligible PAPs must have started their new economic activity;
e. All project affected common property resources must be replaced and re-established.
f. Implementation of the remedial measures arising out of impact evaluations must be complete.
Implementation Schedule and Timing of Resettlement
5.62. During project implementation, the resettlement program will be co-coordinated with the
timing of civil works. The required co-ordination has contractual implications, and will be considered
in procurement and bidding schedules, award of contracts, and release of cleared COI sections to
project contractors. The project will provide adequate notification, counseling and assistance to
affected people so that they are able to move or give up their assets without undue hardship before
commencement of civil works and after receiving the compensation. This provides the key
benchmarks of implementing the RAP. All other activities related to implementation and land
acquisition will be undertaken simultaneously. Civil Works will be done for the first section for the
EPC contracts, followed by Annuity contracts. The encumbrance free stretches for the EPC contracts
are given below. After signing of contract the contractor will start his works in Section I, followed by
Section II.
Table 5.10: Link wise schedule for handing over stretches to Contractors
Package
Number Link
Length
(KM)
Type of
Contract Stretches for handing over
No. of Sections
WEP1 67A 23.5 EPC 7+500 to 17+500 I- 10 kms
II -11kms 67B 29.0 EPC 0+500 to 11+500
WEP2 M7D 43.5 EPC 1+800 to 6+800;9+400 to 14+400; 33+000 to 39+600 I – 16.60 kms
II – 18.00 kms T8 31.8 EPC 2+00 to 10+00; 22+00 to 30+00
WEP3
21B 38.5 EPC
0+00 to 6+00; 21+560 to 31+560 I – 20 kms
II -18.5 kms
WEP4 13A 32.45 EPC 2+800 to 8+660; 8+960 to 25+000 I – 21.90 kms
II – 10.00 kms 13B 41.4 EPC 0+000 to 10+000
WEP5 6C 28.63 EPC 4+900 to 9+500; 10+500 to 18+500 I – 12.60 kms
WAP1 63A 22.8 ANNUITY 13+00 to 23+00
63B 27.5 ANNUITY 0+00 to 10+00
63C 21.1 ANNUITY 0+00 to 10+00
63D 35.2 ANNUITY 28+00 to 28+00
63E 27.9 ANNUITY 15+00 to 25+00
64F 20.0 ANNUITY 0+00 to 10+00
64G 35.8 ANNUITY 43+00 to 53+00
WAP2 19A 19.2 ANNUITY 0+600 to 7+500
19B 42.4 ANNUITY To be done
19C 18.4 ANNUITY To be done
19D 23.9 ANNUITY 15+00 to 25+00
WAP3 T21 32.2 ANNUITY 0+700 to 5+500; 15+200 to 23+900
M7A 49.8 ANNUITY 22+400 to 27+100;27+600 to 36+300; 38+200 to
46+900
M7B 45.3 ANNUITY 10+00 to 15+00;48+00 to 53+500; 54+200 to 63+700
M7C 26.2 ANNUITY 10+00 to 15+00; 48+00 to 53+500;54+200to 63+700
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 58
Package
Number Link
Length
(KM)
Type of
Contract Stretches for handing over
No. of Sections
WAP4 10A 61.0 ANNUITY To be done
10B 48.6 ANNUITY To be done
Total 826.6
5.63. The above stretches will be provided by the PIU on the date of commencement of works, and
the remaining within 6 months of commencement date.
5.64. The proposed consideration of time to be taken for Land Acquisition under the KHA, after the
issue of Section 15 notification is 6 months.
5.65. The R & R activities implementation tasks already initiated starting 1st April 2008 include:
1. Appointment of the District Level Grievance Redressal Committee.
2. Appointment of Committee for fixation of Land Value.
3. Issue of EOI and RFP for hiring NGO and M&E for RAP implementation.
4. Issue of Notification for land acquisition for WEP 1,2,3 4 and 5 are complete.
5.66. Other important R&R implementation activities include:
1. Appointment of all staff of SDRC– completed
2. Hiring of Database Management Consultants – completed
3. Selection and appointment of NGO & M& E Agency - completed
4. Disclosure of RAP and entitlements – completed
5. Completion of joint verification of assets for EPC– to be completed May 2010
6. Consultations with PAPs – continuous process
5.67. The time taken for the implementation for the RAP will be 3 years, from the date of approval.
Resettlement planning and updating of studies will be a continuous process throughout the project.
The PIU will co-ordinate these efforts to assure that RAP implementation and phasing is appropriately
sequenced with designs and civil works.
5.68. The resettlement process must be completed before the start of civil works. PIU has clear the
COI and resettle PAPs located within the COI, before the civil work starts on any section of the
project road. PAPs will be given at least three months notice to vacate their property before civil
works starts. The civil works schedule needs to be dovetailed into the land acquisition and
resettlement implementation schedule. The LA and R &R Implementation schedule is given below:
Table 5.11: Implementation Schedule
Sl.
No. Tasks Start Date End Date
1 LA for EPC Dec 2008 March 2010
2 LA for Annuity January 2010 August 2010
3 Joint Verification for EPC October 2009 May 2010
4 Joint verification for Annuity May 2009 August 2010
5 R&R Assistance for EPC May 2010 September 2010
6 R&R Assistance for Annuity September 2010 January 2010
7 All key Staff in Position September 2009
8 GRC in place September2009
9 Database in operation September 2009
10 NGO & M&E Agency in place September 2009
11 Disclosure of documents February 2010
12 Mid Term Evaluation September 2010
13 End Term Evaluation September 2011
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 59
Consultations during implementation
5.69. Several additional PAP consultations will be conducted during RAP implementation. As a
follow-up of the local-level PAP consultations held during project preparation, further consultations
will be conducted by the NGO during implementation. In the first round of consultations information
on RAP and Entitlement policy and options will be disseminated. This will involve explaining the
Entitlement Framework and resettlement options to the PAPs and soliciting their support and co-
operation. This will help finalize agreement on the various entitlements provided in the entitlement
framework. Next round of consultation involves agreements on compensation and assistance options
and entitlements with PAPs and completion of a PAP identity card indicating the accepted entitlement
package. The next round of PAP consultations will occur when compensation and assistance are
provided and actual resettlement begins and the NGO has to facilitate relocation.
Resettlement Implementation Plan
5.70. Package wise Implementation plan is prepared for WEP 1, WEP 2, WEP3, WEP4 and WEP
5. For the remaining packages it will be completed by end August 2010. This provides all the details
of land to be acquired and people affected. RIP includes (i) Introduction with project and contract
package details and time schedule; matrix on LA and R&R impacts (ii) land acquisition and
resettlement impacts with LA details, loss of structures/other assets, loss of community structures,
chainage wise impact etc. (iii) baseline census surveys and consultations with matrix of PAPs, details
list of PAPs, major and minor, list of vulnerable groups and other categories of people, consultations
and its outcome (iv)Implementation mechanism include LA status, extending R&R assistance to
PAPs, institutional arrangements, grievance mechanism, NGO tasks, issue of I cards, R&R colonies
and shopping complex construction as needed, co-ordination between R&R and civil works based on
milestones, time line for LA and R&R activities, monitoring of R&R activities in the specific package
and budget specific to the package
Implementation Guidelines
5.71. An implementation guideline for land acquisition and resettlement will be prepared as a stand
alone document which will help all those involved in implementation as an operational manual for
interpretation of various provisions and entitlements as well as various actions to be taken at various
stages during the implementation. This document is under preparation.
Budget and Costs
5.72. The costs used for the budget estimates are based on information collected during the census
socio-economic surveys of PAPs. The estimated total budget for the implementation of RAP is Rs.
148.77 Crore of which Rs. 38.47 Crore is for land acquisition. For the Annuity package for land losers
estimates have been used and the actual will be updated on completion of surveys for the land losers.
The GoK share will include the cost of land including lands for building alternate houses/shops or any
other land they need to acquire during the course of implementation and R&R assistance. All
consultancy costs will be through the World Bank. The unit costs for the calculation of budget have
been provided. The detailed budget is given in Annex 5.4. The unit costs and detailed budget are
given below:
Table 5.12: Budget
Sl. No. Category Estimated Cost (Rs. In
Crores)
1 Land Acquisition 38.47
2 R&R Works 46.18
3 R&R Assistance 48.52
4 NGO Services & M & E Services 1.05
5 R&R Goods 0.91
Total 135.25
10% contingency 13.52
GRAND TOTAL 148.77
Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Final Resettlement Action Plan
RAP. WB approval final - 29.07.2010 60
Table 5.13: Unit Costs for R&R Sl.
No. Category Estimates (in Rs)
1 Agricultural Land per ha Rs24,70,000 for Annuity contract for
EPC as per guidance value average.
2 Non Agricultural L and 3705000
3 Pucca house 800 per sq. ft
4 Semi pucca house 600 per sq. ft
5 Kutcha house 350 per sq ft.
6 Construction cost for house in Resettlement site 40,000 per structure
7 EWS Housing 40,000 per unit
8 Training for PAP for income generation schemes &
vocational training
15,000 (Rs.5000 per month for 3 months)
9 NGO assistance for implementation 85,00,000
10 Evaluation Consultants 30,00,000
11 SDRC & associated staff training 15,00,000 lump sum
12 Group entitlements 15,000 per km
13 Office equipment (including Rs. 5,00,000 each for setting
up office of LAO in North & South Karnataka
20,00,000 lump sum
14 Vehicle cost ( Rs.8,00,000 per vehicle) 8 vehicles 56,00,000
5.73. In accordance with the policy provisions, all grants and benefits shall be indexed annually at
10% on the first of April. These include subsistence allowance, shifting allowance, relief assistance,
amounts for income generating asset, cost for the provision of sites to squatters and rental allowance.
Table 5.14: R&R Unit Costs Sl. No. Category Proposed Amount
1 Purchase Commercial site for squatters Rs.30,000 (10’x10’) Urban Rs 15000 Rural area
2 Purchase Commercial site for
Titleholders
Rs.50,000 (10’x15’) Urban Rs 25000 Rural area
3 Purchase Residential site for squatter Rs. 30000 Urban Rs 20000 Rural area
4 Purchase Residential site for
Titleholders
Rs. 70000 Urban Rs 30000 Rural area
5 Shifting allowance for Titleholders Rs.10,000 as one time payment
6 Subsistence allowance for Titleholders Rs. 30000
7 Subsistence allowance for squatters Rs.15000 as one time payment
8 Shifting assistance for squatters Rs.5000 as one time payment
9 construction cost for Residential
squatters
Rs.40000
10 IGA assistance to commercial squatter Rs.30,000 for income generating asset
11 Shifting allowance for Bagar Hukum
House holders
Rs.5000 as one time Payment
12 Subsistence allowance for those who are
losing Bagar Hukum Lands
Rs.15000 as one time payment
13 Additional assistance for those losing
land
Rs.20,000 as one time payment.
14 Income generating Grant for Title
holder who loose entire land /Business
Rs.75,000 as one time payment
15 Rental allowance for commercial Tenant Rs. 1500 for urban and Rs. 1000 for rural per month for
6 months.
16 Rental allowance for residential Tenant Rs.1000 for urban and Rs. 500 for rural per month for
6 months
17 Relief assistance for loss of employment
of agriculture and Non agriculture.
Rs.15000 lump sum payment
18 Assistance to Vulnerable groups Rs. 25,000 lump sum payment