L.O: To know what the different types of punctuation there are and to understand what they can be used for.

PUNCTUATION

Saturday 22 April 2023

StarterTry to think of as many bits of punctuation there are, and explain what they are used for in context.

Full Stop(.)Marks the end of a sentence.

E.g.

- I will go to the zoo.

Follows most initials.

E.g.

- John F. Kennedy

Follows most abbreviations.

E.g.

- Rev.

Comma(,)Used to separate three or more single items in a list.

E.g.

- They ate pears, apples, plums, grapes and peaches.

Used to indicate a slight pause in a sentence.

E.g.

- I wore my favourite dress, the blue one.

Used to separate different parts of a sentence

E.g.

- The teacher, who was called Miss Brown, smiled proudly.

Speech Marks(“”)Placed around what is said.

E.g.

- Melissa instructed, “You sit there.”

Used to show sarcasm.

E.g.

- We’re going to the “pretty” restaurant.

Question Mark (?)Marks the end of a question.

E.g.

- Why are you late?

Exclamation Mark(!)Used after something is shouted.

E.g.

- “Help!”

Used after an order is given.

E.g.

- “Come here!”

Used after a strong feeling is expressed.

E.g.

- The boy was furious!

Used after humour is included.

E.g.

- The teacher wore her slippers to school by mistake!

Colon(:)Used to introduce a quotation.

E.g.

- The farmer ordered: “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket!”

Used before dialogue in a play script

E.g.

- Jenny: Hi Clive!

Used to introduce a list.

E.g.

- We will need: paper, pens, pencils and rulers.

Used to follow a statement before an example is given.

E.g.

- He was very cold: the temperature in the room was below zero.

Semicolon(;)Used to link clauses together, in the same way as a connective.

E.g.

- I switched off the alarm clock as it was time to get up.

- I switched off the alarm clock; it was time to get up.

Used to separate more complicated lists.

E.g.

- I took two books; four or five pencils; three pens and a ruler.

A semicolon is used to separate a pause longer than a comma, but shorter than a full stop.

Dash(–)A pair of dashes is used to enclose a comment that is not necessarily needed in the sentence.

E.g.

- I thought hard – something unusual for me – and at last managed to remember the name of the man.

A single dash is followed by an afterthought or conclusion to the sentence.

E.g.

It was a great day out – everybody enjoyed it.

Brackets ( )Used to surround a word or phrase to separate it from the rest of the sentence, whilst providing extra information.

E.g.

- The bus (that was blue) was running five minutes late.

Brackets can be used like a pair of dashes.

Apostrophe (‘)Used to show ownership of an object (possession).

E.g.

- Jane’s hat

Used to show that letters have been missed out.

E.g.

- I don’t know what happened

Hyphen(-)Used to join two separate words together to form a new expression.

E.g.

- box-office

- house-trained

- easy-going

Try to write a short paragraph about yourself or something you find interesting, (e.g. football, books…) using as much of the punctuation I’ve shown you as possible.

NOW, YOU TRY!