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Put the statements in order according to the following terms:
(a.) jurisdiction (b.) judicial review (c.) subpoena (d.) magistrate (e.) remand
• __ Issues court orders and hears preliminary evidence __ The authority to hear and decide a case__ Court order requiring someone to appear in court__ Returning a court case to a lower court for a new trial__ Examining court cases to determine its constitutionality
• (a) The authority to hear and decide a case(b) Examining court cases to determine its constitutionality(c) Court order requiring someone to appear in court(d) Issues court orders and hears preliminary evidence (e) Returning a court case to a lower court for a new trial
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The role of the judicial branch is to ____.
• carry out laws
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Under the Articles of Confederation and before the establishment of a national court system, ____.
• there was no nationwide standard of justice
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Do federal courts have jurisdiction in personal injury cases?
• No
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The responsibility of a magistrate is to ____.
• decide if a case should be brought to trial
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Where are disputes involving decisions of federal regulatory agencies heard?
• appeals courts
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What is a major difference between district courts and appeals courts?
• appeals courts have no juries
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In an appeals case, judges decide whether an accused person received ____.
• a fair trial
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How does Congress check the power of the Supreme Court?
• constitutional amendments
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Does the Supreme Court decide on the guilt or innocence of the accused in cases they hear?
No
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Do Supreme Court Justices write opinions while their court is in session?
• No
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The power that allows the Supreme Court to review any federal or state law is ____.
• judicial review
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Original jurisdiction gives district courts the authority to ____.
• hear cases for the first time
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If the Supreme Court finds a law to be unconstitutional, it can ____.
• cancel that law
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Marbury v. Madison involved the court's use of ____.
• judicial review
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Concurrent powers are those shared by ____.
• state courts and federal courts
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Congress can get around an unfavorable ruling from the Supreme Court by changing the law that was nullified or ____.
• amending the Constitution
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The Supreme Court is most likely to hear a case if it deals with violations of ____.
• the Bill of Rights
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To explain why the justices on the Supreme Court made a decision, the Court issues ____.
• a majority opinion
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A circuit is a particular geographic area assigned to ____.
• an appellate court
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Court cases in which juries decide whether or not people have committed crimes are _______________ cases.
• Criminal
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Court cases in which people on two sides of an issue disagree are _______________ cases.
• civil
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In a case in which both federal and state laws have been broken, federal and state courts have _______________ jurisdiction.
• concurrent
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District courts have _______________ jurisdiction, which is the authority to hear cases for the first time.
• original
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All federal judges are appointed by the President with the approval of the _______________.
• Senate
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A person who feels that a verdict of the district court was unfair may take his or her case to a (n) _______________ court.
• appellate
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Nearly all cases that are presented to the Supreme Court come on _______________ from a lower court.
• appeal
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The Supreme Court has the power to nullify laws that conflict with the _______________.
• Constitution
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There are eight associate justices on the Supreme Court and one ____________________.
• chief justice
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A justice who agrees with a majority opinion but for different reasons will write a (n) _______________ opinion.
• concurring
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Members of the armed services are tried by military officers in a (n) ____________________.
• court martial
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Through a (n) ____________________, the Supreme Court directs a lower court to send its records on a case to it for review.
• writ of certiorari
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A case in which two sides are in disagreement over certain issues is a (n) _________________.
• civil case
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A subpoena is delivered by a (n) ________________.
• marshall
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After a case has been accepted by the Supreme Court, it is placed on the Court _____________, or calendar.
• docket
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In a written _____________, an attorney argues a case.
• brief
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A (n) ____________________, in which a person is accused of committing a crime, is usually heard in a state court.
• criminal case
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Federal courts have _______________________ in controversies between states.
• exclusive jurisdiction
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The Chief Justice usually asks an associate justice who voted with the majority to write a (n) ____________________.
• majority opinion
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An appeals court may _____________ a case to the lower court for a new trial.
• remand
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List the 8 areas of jurisdiction for federal courts.
• 1. Constitution
• 2. Federal laws
• 3. Admiralty and maritime laws
• 4. Disputes with the U.S. Government
• 5. Controversies between states
• 6. Controversies between citizens of different states
• 7. Disputes involving foreign governments
• 8. U.S. ambassadors
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Name the 4 special federal courts.
• 1. Tax Court
• 2. Federal Claims Court
• 3. Military Court of Appeals
• 4. International Trade Court
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What are the 3 types of jurisdiction?
• 1. original
• 2. appellate
• 3. concurrent
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What did Marbury v. Madison establish?
• Judicial review
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What did Plessey v. Ferguson establish?
• Separate but equal
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According to Schenck v. United States, free speech can be limited if there is ________________.
• a clear and present danger
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Brown v. the Board of Education reversed _________.
• Plessey v. Ferguson
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According to Miranda v. the United States, police must ___________________.
• inform suspect of their rights at the time of their arrest
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Roe v. Wade legalized ____________.
• abortion
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New York Times v. United States dealt with the issue of _______________.
• prior restraint
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How does the President’s ability to appoint Supreme Court Justices affect his legacy?
• Judges are appointed for life
• The President appoints judges that agree with his philosophy
• The President’s ideas will continue to be heard through the decisions his judicial appointees make