Quality of life measures: Influence
of lifestyle on oral health
Ahmad Zulkhairi Bin Resali (1090046)
Aishah Binti Shahrir (1090031)
DAC 5061: COMMUNITY DENTISTRY VIII
Introduction
"...make not your own hands contribute to your destruction..." (Qur'an 2:195)
"...nor kill yourselves..." (Qur'an 4:29)
Any behavior which harm the body can be deemed as suicide attempt, and suicide attempt is a sin in Islam
Lifestyle and oral health
Oral health [state of being free from chronic mouth and facial pain, oral and throat cancer, oral sores, birth defects such as cleft lip and palate, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay and tooth loss, and other diseases and disorders that affect the oral cavity] (WHO).
Lifestyle defined as the way in which a person of group lives, which includes the social values, attitudes and activities.
Lifestyle factors that may affect oral health
① Smoking
Effect of smoking to the oral:reduction of neutrophil viabilitydecrease blood flowimpaired wound healingincrease periods of disease
progression. provide a favorable habitat for
periodontal pathogens
Smokers have higher risk of:
periodontal attachment or bone loss
deeper periodontal pocket depthmore sites with deeper pocketsmore missing molar teethgreater loss of alveolar bone
height
②Alcohol
Oral cancer dehydrating effect of alcohol
Dental erosion high sugar + acidic content
Delayed healing irritate oral tissue
③Daily diet
Sugar consumption caries
Solid diet fracture
Carbonated drink/juices dental erosion
High frequency of intake
Poor diet + poor OH periodontal disease
④Stress
Canker sores – unknown reason
Bruxism dental attrition
Dry mouth – also by drugs
⑤Other habit
1. Oral piercing midline of anterior one third of the
tongue
2. Tongue splitting a person’s tongue is split into two
pieces, creating a forked appearance
Complication: pain, swelling, infection, bleeding, scar etc
3. Use of recreational drugs
Drug → increasing euphoria, blocking unhappy memories or creating pleasure.
Eg: ecstasy, amphetamines, methamphetamines, marijuana and heroin
Complication to the oral cavity: tooth loss dry mouth increase sugar craving.
Prevention or reducing the risk of oral disease
Annual dental check up at least once every six months
Brush teeth at least twice a day and floss at least once a day
Eat a well balanced diet Avoid activities that may harm the oral tissues
such as smoking, oral piercing and use of recreational drugs
Try to manage stress so that is will not cause any significant damage to the oral health
Self check up
Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)
GOHAI
Provides information of people’s self reported oral functional problems
Related to both clinical measures of oral health + subject’s SES
Reliable in all samples regardless of age, race, ethnic, etc
Can be used to measure outcome of dental treatment
Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)
OHIP
To provide a social impact measure of oral disorders.
Concerned with impairment and three functional status dimensions (physical, psychological and social).
It excludes the perceptions of satisfaction with oral health, prognosis or self-reported diagnoses.
Issues in Faculty of Dentistry USIM
1. Smoking cessation program Importance of smoking cessation
program: Reduce the incidence of diseases; lung
cancer, oral cancer, CHD, COPD,etc
reduce the severity of the disease; reduce the risk of recurrent heart attack
No implementation of the program in FOD USIM.
2. Diet analysis
Mainly for patients with high caries risk (paediatric patients).
The importance of diet analysis: Caries risk assessment
How about the adult patient? Success of the program? How to overcome?
Conclusion
The oral health is greatly affected by the lifestyle that we lead.
The advancement in technology and knowledge of oral diseases enable people to create an attempt to at least identify thus prevent the disease formation before it even occurs.
References
Slade GD, ed. Measuring Oral Health and Quality of Life. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, Dental Ecology 1997.
El Osta et al.: Comparison of the OHIP-14 and GOHAI as measures of oral health among elderly in Lebanon. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2012 10:131.
Lifestyle [internet]. College of Dental Surgeons of Saskatchewan. 2014 [cited 2014 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.saskdentists.com/lifestyle.html
Lifestyle tips for healthy teeth. National Health Service. 2013 [updated 2013 Dec 2, cited 2014 Feb 26]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/dentalhealth/Pages/Keepteethhealthy.aspx