QuestionsforCodeofPracticeShortCourse:TheAnswers
June13‐14,2018•AddisAbaba,Ethiopia
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1. Whataresomeofthecriticallegal,institutionalframeworkcomponentsthatneedtobe
inplacebeforeprivatesectordeveloperswillmoveforwardwithprojectdevelopment?‐ Page#xviii‐ ‐ Designationofresponsibleministry,theapplicationprocessandrequirements
thereof,‐ Applicationfees,Bondingrequirements,EnforcementoftheprovisionsoftheCode,
PenaltiesfornoncompliancewithprovisionsoftheCode
‐ 2. IstheCodeofPracticeprimarilyaregulatorysystemoraguidancedocumentdesigned
topromotebestpractices?‐Page#xviiIsaguidancedocument,promotesbestpracticesingeothermaldrilling,someshouldbegivenseriousconsiderationandothersthatshallbecompliedwith.
3. DoestheCodeofPracticeprovidefor:(Markallthatapply)Page#xv
[X]Healthandsafety[X]Environmentalprotection[X]Wellcontrol[X]Dataacquisitionandmanagement[X]Riskmitigation
4. Canthedrillingplanbeusedformultiplewells?[]Yes[X]No.Whataretheprimary
Whataretheprimarywelldesignconsiderations?Explain.Page11Abasicwelldesigncanusedformultiplewellscanbeusedforaparticularfield,buteverywellshouldhaveitsowndrillingplanandcasingsettingdepthstobemodifiedperwellasneeded.Intendedpurpose,designlifetimeandongoingoperationandmaintenance.Alltheassumptionsusedlikecorrosionrates,thermalcyclesetcshallberecordedapartofthedocumentation.
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5. Explainthedifferencesbetweenthedrillingplan,thewellsiteplanandthewelldesign.
DrillingplanPage11
Drillingplan–descriedtheworks,demonstrateadequateprecautionsasperprovisionsofthecodeandwellcontrolmethodstobeused.
WellSitePlanPage51WellSitePlan–sitedesignandconstruction,managingrunoffduringthedrillingoperation,Geotechnicalassessmentandcompliancewithexistingenvironmentalconsentsandpermitapplicationsrequirements.WellDesignPage14WellDesign‐basedonthewelldepth,wellheadlocationandwelltarget.Expectedsubsurfaceconditions,casingsettingdepthsandfactors.
6. WhatarethetopicstobediscussedduringtheDrillWellonPaper(drillingplanningstage)andwhoshouldbeinvolved?
DWOPisanimportantstepinwellplanning.Theprocessanalyseseachprocessofdrillingthewell,improvingdrillingefficiency,maintainingoperationalsafetystandards,focusingontimeandcostofthewelldrilling,andreducingthenonproductivetime.
Attendees–DrillingorProjectmanager,DrillingSuperintendent,DrillingEngineer,
DrillingSupervisor,LogisticsManager,Geologist,Geophysicist,Geochemist,Reservoir
Engineer,ProductionManager,HSEManager,Rigmanager,Toolpusher,Driller,Rig
Crew,RigMechanic,RigElectrician,MudEngineer,SolidControlMechanic,Cementing
Engineer,AirDrillingEngineer,MudLoggingEngineer,WirelineEngineer,Casing
RunningCrewChief,DrillingBitEngineer,WellTestingEngineer,DirectionalDrilling
Engineer,OtherKeyStakeholderslikeStateorCountyRepresentative,CampServices
Head.
Page3of12–QuestionsforCodeofPracticeShortCourse7. Whatfactorsshouldbeconsideredinwellsiteselection?Page50
Surfacethermalactivityandgeologyintheimmediatevicinityofthelocation.Sufficientopensurroundingsfordispersionofdangerousgasesthatmaycomefromthewell,requirementforlightingspillmanagementandfornoiseabatementduringthedrillingandwelltestingoperation.
8. Whatinformationshouldbeincludedinthewellsiterecords?Page57Asbuiltdiagramtoinclude–welllocation,cellarconstruction,anyundergroundpipeworksorservices,areasofcutandfillandanygrouting,locationsofdrillcuttingsandsump(existingorremoved,ifdrillingcuttingsonsite,locationandanychemicalanalysis
9. Whenwouldgroutingofthepadberequired?Howshoulditbecarriedout?Page127Necessarytoimproveshallowconditionsatwellsiteincludingincreasingloadbearingcapacity,reducethefrequencyandseverityoffluidlossesinthetopholesection,strengthentheformationtohelpindivertinggeothermalfluidflowincaseoffashallowblowout
10. Whendesigningthedrainageandwastedisposal(sump)whatarethedesignconsiderations?Page53Tocontaincuttings,liquidandcementingwastematerials,isolationofpartofthevolumeforprimarysettlement,maximumfluidlevelshouldbebelowcellarfloorlevel,noerosionorcollapseofsumpwalls,havethevolumenecessarytocontainalldrilledsolids,wastemudandcement,holdingcapacitytobefivetimesthevolumeofsolidmaterialexpectedtobedrilled,shouldbeperiodicallymonitoredincompliancewithenvironmentalpermitsandconsents.
11. WhataboutCellardesignconsiderations?Page52Cellardepthtobeminimizedandwellventilated,withstandalldirectandindirectloadsimposedbydrillingequipmentandothersubsequentinstallations,permanentlevellingdatumshouldbeestablishedoncellarasreferencepoint,shouldbedrainedatfloorlevelwith250mmormorediameterand1in40grade.
12. Whatarethecriteriaforcasingsettingdepths?Page20MinimumcasingshoedepthofeachcementedcasingstringshallbecalculatedtobetheverticaldepthwheretheformationhassufficientEffectiveContainmentPressuretoequaltheMaximumDesignPressureexpectedtobeencounteredinthenextopenholesection.Incompetentformation,caseoutlosszones,providereservoirisolation,andavoidpossibilityofinterconnectionwithadjacentwell.
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13. Whatistheroleofthedrillingsupervisor?
DrillingSupervisorOrCompanyMan‐Directsandcontrolsalldailyoperationalactivitiestodrilling,workover,wellcompletionoperationscarriedoutbythesubcontractorsandservicecompaniesontherig.Directingtheexecutionofthedrillingprogramsincludingcasing,cementing,directionaldrillingandairdrilling,anychangestotheplan,inasafemannerforpersonnelandequipment.Conformancetoalllocal,state,andfederal,andinternationalrulesandregulations.Monitoringlogisticsandavailabilityofequipmentandmaterialsontime,Preparesthedailydrillingreportincludingandisresponsibleforthewellcontroloperations.
14. Whatistheroleofthesafetyofficer?Assuranceofsaferworkplaceenvironmentwithregardtothehealthofworkers.Developingandcommunicatingmeasurestoassurepersonnelsafety,correctunsafeactsincludingSTOPwork.Participateinmorningmeetingsandprejobsafetymeetingstoidentifyanyhealthandsafetyconcerns.ReviewtheIncidentActionPlanforsafetyimplications.Investigateaccidentsthathaveoccurredwithinincidentareas,includingspillsandhazardouswastemanagement.EnsurepreparationandimplementationofSiteSafetyandHealthPlan(SSHP).Inspectsthesitetoensureitisahazard‐freeenvironmentandmaintenanceofallsafetyequipmentlikefireextinguishers,firealarms.Reviewandapproveallsubcontractorssafetyplans.Conductsinvestigationsofallaccidentsandnear‐misses,riskassessmentandjobhazardanalysis.Preparestheaccidentreportandreportstotheconcernedauthorities.Promotessafepracticesatthejobsite.Enforcessafetyguidelinesandconductsemergencydrills.EnforcethePermitToWorksystem,monitoringandreview.
15. Isawatersupplyrequiredfordrillingoperationsadequateforwellcontrol?
[]Yes[X]NoIfnot,howmuchwateristheminimumrequirement??
Theon‐sitewaterreservoirshouldhaveavolume.Page55Tosupportalldrillingoperations,supplyrateadequateforallquenching,drilling(withoutreturnsortotallosses)andcementingoperations.Haveacapacitythatallowscontinuousquenchingofthewellforaperiodofnotlessthan12hours,normally800‐1000litresperminutewouldberequiredforquenching
16. TheSiteSignagethatisrequiredshallincludeatleast–Page56Hazards,constraintsonentry,andrequirementsofpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE),Wastesumpsthatconstitutehazardsandareaswherehazardousgasescanaccumulate.
17. Inconsideringgeneratorcapacity,whatfactorsand/orpiecesofequipmentshouldbeconsidered?Page62ItshalladequatetosupplyentireelectricalloadrequiredbytherigandassociatedequipmentusedindrillingincludingPrimemovers,electricallydrivenaircompressors,BOPaccumulatorpump,Lighting,mudagitatorsanddeckwinches,heating,fluidcoolingfacility,fueltransferandofficesandaccommodation.Page5of12–QuestionsforCodeofPracticeShortCourse
18. Whereshouldthecontrolpanel(s)fortheblowoutpreventerbelocatedrelativetothedrillingrigandwhatotherdesignfactorsneedtobeconsidered?Page69HowoftenandwhenshouldtheBOPbetested?Page85OperationoftheBOPsystemshouldbepossiblefromatleasttwoindependentlocations.Oneoftheseshallbeadjacenttothedriller’sconsoleandotherbeasafedistanceawayfromrigfloor(accumulatorposition)whichissheltered.Drillingwellheadsshallbepressuretestedafterassemblyandpriortodrillingoutthecementfromthecasing.TheBOPshallbefunctiontestedatleastonceaweekasperAPISTD53
19. WhatarethepropertiesofDrillingFluidsthatshouldmonitored?(Markallthatapply.)Page80[X]Density, [X]FunnelViscosity[X]GelStrength [X]Waterloss[X]Solidcontent [X]MudtemperatureINandOUT.Themudcoolers(fluidcoolingsystem)shouldbedesignedtomaintainmudtemperaturebelow__60__degreesCentigrade?Page66
20. Precautionswhencementingageothermalwell?(Markallthatapply.)Page92[X]Pressuretestingcementinglines,
[X]Cementdensitymonitoringwhilepumping,
[X]Avoidtrappingwaterbetweencasings,
[X]Backfillannuluscementtogetcementbacktosurface.
21. Backuppumpsand/orgeneratorsshouldbeprovidedforwhatpiecesofequipment?Page62Backupgeneratorcapacityshallbeavailableandadequatetosupplyataminimum,theelectricalloadforitems(a)to(d)–Primemovers,electricallydrivenaircompressors,lightingandBOPaccumulatorpump
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22.Whatgasesarecriticaltomonitoratalltimesduringdrillingoperationsevenwhennotmakinghole?Indesigningthegasdetectionsystemwhatarethedesignconsiderationsandminimumrequirements?Page71H2S(hydrogensulphide)andCO2(carbondioxide)Gasdetectionsystemshallbefunctioningatalltimeswhiletherigisoperating,withbothaudibleandvisualalarms,Agashazardabatementplanshouldbepreparedandalltherigcrewshallbefamiliarwithitsapplication.
23. Whataretheparametersanditemstoberecordedinthedailydrillingreport?Instructorwillshowacopyofadailyreport
24.Whatisthepurposeofhavingwindsocksatthedrillingsite?Whatisthemusterpointandwhereshoulditbelocatedandwhy?Thewindsockonadrillingrigsitehelpstoshowthewinddirection,andtoescapetotheupwinddirectionincaseofreleaseofhazardousgasesfromthewell.Amusterpointisadesignatedplacewhereallpersonnelonthedrillsiteassembleincaseofanemergencyonthedrillrigsite.Thetwomusterpointsarelocatedupwindanddownwindoftheprevailingwindcondition.Thiswillallowthepersonneltogototheupwindmusterpointifthewinddirectionchanges.
25. Whatparametersshouldbecontinuallymonitored(RigInstrumentationMinimumRequirements)?Page71Minimumrequirementsforriginstrumentationshallbe:
(a)Totalweightindicator;(b)Tankvolumeandgain‐lossindicators;(c)Standpipepressuregauge;(d)Wellheadpressuregauge;and(e)Indicatorsfortemperaturesofrigpumpsuctionfluidsandreturningfluids.
26. Doexplosiveson‐siteneedspecialconsideration?[X]Yes[]NoIfyes,explain–Page74
Whereexplosivesaretobeuseddownhole(forexamplestring‐shots,junkcharges,perforatingcharges),theexplosives,detonators,detonatingcord,detonatingsystem,andthewirelineshallallbeselectedforthetemperatureandpressureconditionslikelytobeencountered.Explosivesandassociateditemsshallbestoredaccordingtolocalornationalrequirementsandsecuredagainstentrybyunauthorizedpersonal
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27. Whyiscompletedataacquisitionandmanagementacriticalaspectofanydrilling
operation?Page106Drillingrecordsareabaselineforsubsequentwellconditionmonitoring,andanyworkoverorinterventioninfuture.Tobeusedasoffsetdataforcorrelation,helpindirectionaldrillingplanning,tolocatedownholeformationconditions,andbetterunderthegeologyandreservoirconditions.
28. Howoftenshouldtheconceptualmodelofthefieldbeupdatedandwhy?Page106Conceptualmodelofthefieldshouldbeupdatedaftereverywellisdrilled,usingthedrillingparameterlogs,welllogsandwelltestinginformation.Thisishelpfulinreservoirengineeringpurposes(permeablezonesandformationpressureandtemperatureconditions),welldesigningforfuturewellsandbetterunderstandthegeologyofthefield.
29. WhatarethetopicstobediscussedduringtheLessonLearnt(endofthewellmeeting)andwhoshouldbeinvolved?Thewelldrillingprogramandtheactualwelldrilleddetails,bits,mud,casingandcement,directionaldrilling,airdrilling,nonproductivetimeandHSEincidents.Thetime,costandincidentsgraphicalandfigures.Thesolutionsfortheproblemsorimprovementsforthenextwellprogram.Attendees–DrillingorProjectmanager,DrillingSuperintendent,DrillingEngineer,DrillingSupervisor,LogisticsManager,Geologist,Geophysicist,Geochemist,ReservoirEngineer,ProductionManager,HSEManager,Rigmanager,Toolpusher,Driller,RigMechanic,RigElectrician,MudEngineer,SolidControlMechanic,CementingEngineer,AirDrillingEngineer,MudLoggingEngineer,WirelineEngineer,CasingRunningCrewChief,DrillingBitEngineer,WellTestingEngineer,DirectionalDrillingEngineer,OtherKeyStakeholders
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ExtraPointQuestions
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Describewhatiswronginthesephotos:Photo1:Casings
Casings are not stored properly
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Photo 2: Forklift
Worn out forklift tyres
Photo 3: Sensors
Hydrogen sulphide sensor installed but not connected.
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Photo 4: BOP
Missing bolts
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Photo 5: Drill Rig
Wind sock is missing
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Photo6:BlowOutPreventerActivator
IncorrectlocationofBOPkoomeyaccumulator.It'stooclosetothewellandnotprotected.