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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 1
Radiation Protection
Objectives and standards Benefits and risks
Occupational (onsite) vs. Non-occupational (offsite)
Number of exposed people
ALARA principle
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 2
Radiation Protection
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)
International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 3
Radiation Protection Equivalent Dose: HT,R = wRDT,R
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 4
Radiation Protection Effective Dose: E = Σ wTHT
Risk estimates
Dose constraints
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 5
Radiation Protection
Intake limits
Transfer models
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 6
Radiation Protection
Organ and tissueactivity over time
Short term and long term doses
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 7
Radiation Protection Time, distance and shielding Buildup factor (B) used for gamma
rays: I = BIoe-μx
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 8
Radiation Protection Calculating the shielding thickness (x) Narrow beam of gamma rays (B = 1)
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 9
Radiation Protection
X ray machines
Lead lining
Controlled and uncontrolled areas
Dose/year
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 10
Radiation Protection
Experimental data
Application of Q inshielding design
WUT0.114Pd
Q2
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Radiation Protection and Safety04/21/23 11
Radiation Protection
Beta & Bremmstrahlung
Neutrons