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read maps.
learn how to protect yourselves
against the elements of nature.
In this lesson you will
find out about natural disasters.
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Natural disasters come in
many shapes and sizes.
Hurricanes, for example,
are severe tropical
storms.
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Hurricanes form in the
southern Atlantic Ocean,
Caribbean Sea, Gulf of
Mexico, and in the eastern
Pacific Ocean. They gather
heat and energy through
contact with warm ocean
waters.
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Hurricanes rotate in a counter-
clockwise direction around an
"eye“. Hurricanes have winds of
at
least 74 miles per hour.
When they come onto land, the
heavy rain, strong winds and
heavy waves can damage
buildings, trees and cars and, of
course, take
human lives.
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We can use meteorological
instruments to predict an
oncoming hurricane.
An earthquake, however, is
another story.
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Most times, you will notice
an earthquake by the gentle
shaking of the ground. You may
notice hanging lamps swaying or
objects wobbling on shelves.
Sometimes, you may hear a low
rumbling noise or feel a sharp jolt.
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swayshaking
wobblingsound of noise
rumblingmovement
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Earthquakes are the
shaking, rolling or
sudden shocking of the
earth’s surface.
Earthquakes occur along
"fault lines" in the
earth’s crust.
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Earthquakes can be felt
over large areas, although
they usually last less
than one minute.
Earthquakes cannot be
predicted -- although
scientists are working on
it!
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The intensity of an
earthquake can be
measured on an
instrument called the
Richter scale. Earthquakes
below 4.0 on the Richter
scale do not usually cause
damage.
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Earthquakes over 5.0
on the scale can cause
damage. A magnitude
6.0 earthquake is
considered strong and a
magnitude 7.0 is a
major earthquake.
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“A new earthquake
measuring 7.2 on the
Richter scale ripped
through northwestern
India flattening
hundreds…”
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1. severe damage
2. no damage
3. minor damage
4. considerable damage
7.2 on the Richter scale tells you the earthquake caused:
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Here is a picture
of a rescue
worker in
Ahmedabad, in
Western India,
risking his life to
detach a
potentially
deadly gas
cylinder.
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1. by the falling pieces of building
(debris).
2. from disconnecting the gas balloon
3. both 1 and 2.
The rescue worker can get hurt
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toll from the powerful
quake, which devastated
western India, reached
over 50,000.
Praying in the RubbleAn Indian man prays in front of his
house in the western Indian city of
Bhuj, after a massive earthquake
destroyed it. The death
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These residents of Hyderabad, Pakistan, about 100 miles from the port city of Karachi, sit outside their collapsed home. Although the epicenter was in neighboring India, today's earthquake killed at least four in the southern Pakistani province of Sindh.
Ruined Home
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In your opinion, if your house
were destroyed,what would
you miss the most?
I think I would miss __________
___________________the most.
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In addition to
earthquakes and
hurricanes, man has to
deal with many other
kinds of natural
phenomena, such as
thunderstorms, lightning,
floods, and drought.
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Thunderstorms effect
small areas when
compared with
hurricanes. The typical
thunderstorm is 15 miles
in diameter and lasts an
average of 30 minutes.
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Nearly 1,800
thunderstorms are
happening at any moment
around the world.
That's 16 million a year!
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15 Diameter of thunderstorm
30 Length of averagethunderstorm
1,800
16,000,000 Number of thunderstorms per year
Number of thunderstormsoccurring right now
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Despite their small size, all
thunderstorms are dangerous.
Every thunderstorm produces
lightning, which kills more
people than tornadoes do, each
year. Tornadoes are __________dangerous
___________________ lightning.
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The lightning is seen
before the thunder is
heard, because light
travels faster than
sound.
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The average flash of
lightning could turn
on a 100 -watt light
bulb for more than 3
months.
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The air near a
lightning strike is
hotter than the
surface of the sun!
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Your chances of Your chances of
being struck by being struck by
lightning are lightning are
estimated to be 1 estimated to be 1
in 600,000 . in 600,000 .
Your chances of Your chances of
being struck by being struck by
lightning are lightning are
estimated to be 1 estimated to be 1
in 600,000 . in 600,000 .
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You can reduce your
chances of being
struck by lightning
by following safety
rules.
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Try to see how well
you remember the
words we mentioned
in today’s lesson.
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Unscramble each of the
clue words. Copy the
letters in the numbered
cells to other cells with the
same number.
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Homework
Think of five things that you could do to help the victims of a flood. Take into consideration what the families have lost and what they would need the most. Remember, sometimes it’s the little things that count the most.
http://www.fema.gov/kids/p_fld.htm