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Reconstruction & Industrialization
Quick Look at What Happened
Reconstruction under Johnson Policies were based on Lincoln’s goals
He insisted on the banning of slavery
His focus was to get the Southern states back into the Union
He did not focus on helping former enslaved people
Radical Republicans Congressman who favored using Federal power to rebuild the South and promote African-American rights
Pushed for full citizenship for freed African-Americans
Black Codes Laws that limited the freedom of formerly enslaved people
Southern states passed these laws that were similar to slave laws
A Federal Agency set up to assist former enslaved people.
Set up Schools & Hospitals for African-Americans & gave out clothes, food & fuel
Freedmen’s Bureau
13th Amendment
The amendment to the constitution that banned slavery
{ { Stated that all people
born or naturalized in the United States were citizens, had the same rights
Granted “equal protection of the laws”
This meant Southern states would have less power if they did not grant black men the vote.
14th Amendment
15th Amendment Citizens could not be
stopped from voting “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
This did not apply to women or Native Americans
Gave African-American men the right to vote
Sharecropping Farmers would rent land on credit
Landowner provided tools & seed
At harvest time, farmer gave a share of the crop to the landowner as payment
Caused African-Americans to stay in poverty
CarpetbaggersWhite Northerners who rushed to the South after the war
Some accused them of seeking wealth or political power
Scalawags Definition is Scoundrels
Democrats called delegates who were Republican poor white farmers scoundrels for going along with Radical Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson Impeachment Johnson had many
disagreements with the Radical Republicans in Congress
In 1867, Congress passed a law that said the President can’t fire officials without Senate approval.
In 1868, Johnson fired his Secretary of War over disagreements over Reconstruction
So the House impeached him for breaking the law
Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Racist Terror group They were poor farmers
to former Confederate officers
Goal was to restore Democratic control of South & keep former slaves powerless
They wore robes & hoods (hid their faces)
Beat & Tortured people, burned schools, churches, and homes, lynched people
Compromise of 1877 Deal made to end Reconstruction
Republican Rutherford Hayes became President
Removal of Federal troops from South
Government would provide loans for railroad linking South and West
Democrats promised to respect African-American’s rights
Plessy vs. Ferguson In 1892, Homer Plessy (African-American) sued a railroad company arguing that segregated seating violated his 14th Amendment right to “equal protection of the laws”
Rules that “separate but equal” is legal!