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Totals Golden Rules
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The Golden Rules and Laggan TormoreProject
The 12 rules
The basics to follow to be in compliance with each rule
Some questions to ask yourself to check you know the rule
More detailed information can be found about each rule on the CorporateSHE & I website at :-http://securite.corp.local/publish/templates/index.asp?rub_ident=622
By clicking on each icon you will be taken to the rule and many tools tohelp learn about the rule
Laggan Tormore Project has many sites and many operations
ongoing everyday. We need to be ensure we are all aware of the
Golden Rules and follow them at all times. This presentationcovers the following:-
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What is a high-risk situation?
Start-ups, commissioning and shutdowns
Any transition phases in a continuous and stable process
Any critical operation carried out infrequently
Any long and complex operation requiring particular knowledge andmanagement of several interfaces
Any temporary operation using temporary equipment
Any temporary operation with provisionally disabled, automated safetysystem(s)
Any operation involving equipment that is found to be faulty
Do you know of any more?
Downgraded situations, complex operations and operations
performed infrequently temporarily increase risk.
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And in yourunit (1/2)
What are the high-risk situations you see most often on your site?
What are the main reasons for this, based on your own analysis?
What are the downgraded situations you see most often on your site?
Have you witnessed (an) accident(s) on your site resulting from a
situation where the risk was not properly assessed?
What should have been done to avoid this/these accident(s)?
What do you generally consider to be a downgraded situation?
Do you feel that your operating procedures are:
definitely useful in your daily work
useful documents for providing newcomers with good training
obsolete documents of little use
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And in yourunit (2/2)
What needs to be improved?
What do you suggest?
In your opinion, which practices are good practices?
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Golden Rule No. 2:
Traffic
Machinery/Vehicles/Cyclists/Pedestrians
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Road traffic: cars & trucksPreparing for a journey
Make sure the journey is necessary.
Determine the most suitable means of transport.
Identify the itinerary: required distance and time.
Take the necessary precautions as regards hazardous conditions
during the journey (roads in poor condition, flooding, risk ofinterference with site operations, weather on the day, etc.).
Choose the right vehicle for the journey.
Check that the drivers license is suitable for the vehicle.
Identify places for rest stops if traveling long distances.
What about you ? In you r work o r for your ow n travel, how doyou prepare for your journ eys?
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Golden Rule No. 3:
Body Mechanics and Tools
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Workplace ergonomics:Seven action points
Access and traffic: give operators safe access to, and ease of movement in and around their workplaces,
while minimizing the effort this requires.
Communications: ensure efficient coordination of the tasks so that work proceeds smoothly.
Time constraints: anticipate the risk of accidents, stress and musculoskeletal disorders.
Physical and chemical effects: Reduce discomfort at the workplace to render it compatible with operators health,
whileenabling them to work without constraints.
Information: clearly present the visual and oral information needed for the work to be performed
efficiently and safely.
Handling and physical effort: limit manual handling and physical exertion to avoid accidents and prevent
musculoskeletal disorders.
Sizing and body mechanics: Design the workplaces such that personnel can work in suitable postures that are
comfortable and non-dangerous to health.
Click here to
watch the film
For fur ther inform at ion please vis i t www. inrs. f r
http://www.inrs.fr/http://www.inrs.fr/http://c/Eudora/Attach/N8-03-radical_ergonomics.wmv -
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Golden rule No. 4:
Protective Equipment
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Protective Equipment
Protective equipment is divided into two main categories:
Collective protective equipment (CPE)
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Protection is provided when the risks have been analyzed and it proves
impossible to eliminate the risk at its source.
Protective equipment is put in place to protect personnel from risks that might
endanger their health or physical integrity.
Risk assessment Risk elimination
Collective protection Personal protection
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Personal protective equipment
Personal protective equipment is intended for use only when all othermeasures for eliminating or reducing risks prove insufficient or
impossible to implement.
To make PPE easier to wear and accept, the characteristics of the userand his/her workplace must be factored in.
The personal protective equipment used must protect the whole body
(including the head and limbs).
PPE must be worn without fail in the context of professional activity,and only in that context
The choice of PPE is always the result of the best possible compromisebetween the highest attainable level of safety and the need to work inconditions of maximum comfort without being hampered.
In an in dus tr ia l con text , danger is o ften omnipresent du e to co-act iv i t ies,the presence of hazardous produ cts (owing to thei r composi t ion,
pressu re or temperature) and the equipment used.This is why PPE is usu ally mandatory and requi red to be worn from the
moment of entry into the u ni ts .
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Golden rule No. 5:
Work permits
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Work permits
What is it used for? To ensure that the operators involved are aware of the information contained in the
document, by having them sign it
To specify the validity period of the authorization
To proceed to acceptance on completion of the work andhandover.
What are the categories of documents authorizing work?
The work permitAdditional permit(s); the work permit stipulates when and why these are required
What types of add it ional permit are you aware of or h aveyou seen before on your s i te?
This list sums up why the work permit is so important in order for work
in our units to proceed safely. The work permit document is not onlynecessary and useful it is mandatory.
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Work permits
In short: each permit is intended to assure:
The safety of the operators involved
The safety of personnel nearby
The safety of the installation
And to avoid...
Accidental generation of pollution
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Work permits
What, in your view and on your unit(s), are the stumbling blocks tocorrect completion of the work permits?
What action would you recommend to improve the work permit process,
its efficiency and the way it is complied with?
Ask yourself these questions from the standpoint of a contractor
worker if you yourself are an operator worker, and vice versa.
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Golden rule No. 6:
Lifting
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Accident risks
The load comes unhooked
A sling or shackle breaks
The load overturns
Someones hand or arm is trapped
A piece of a multi-part load falls
The slinger or an operator falls from height
The slinger or another worker is crushed in the lifting area
The load strikes a piece of equipment / a structure
The lifting machinery overturns
A component of the lifting machinery falls
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25- References, date, location
Lifting areaCompliant sling
Compulsory temporary
barriers suited to the
environment
The signaler* equipped
with a whistle
High-visibility jacket
Portable gas monitor in
ATEX areas
Safety
Inspection sticker
Crane operator*
Outrigger pads
Slinger*
Tag line to
guide the load
Factor in plant in the
vicinity and weather
conditions
Nobody under
the load
*Qual i f ied and comp etent p ersonnel
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Golden rule No. 7:
Work on powered systems
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Why do we work on systems with power orproducts circulating in them? 1/2
Handover process unsuitable or not respected
Procedures obsolete, non-existent, incomplete or incorrect.
Wiring diagrams incompletely or un- known
Poor change management:
insufficient information
documents not kept up to date
Persons performing the work not fully trained on the system:
inadequately detailed operational knowledge of:
the mechanisms and how the equipment works
the safety devices actually in place on the equipment
Lack of organization:
nobody present on the locationand possibly the sitehas the requisite competencies.
poor management of priorities (fast completion taking priority over safe completion
/accomplishment of the task).
Below is a list of possible causes of accidents that can have
extremely serious consequences. Try and imagine one or moresituations that illustrate each of the causes mentioned.
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Thermal energy
Heat:Many sources of heat are used in our activities:
steam
flames
hot products process equipment (compressor discharge, heat exchangers, reactors and so on.)
etc.
Cold:Freeze burns are every bit as dangerous as burns caused by heat. The chief
sources of cold are: liquefied gases (nitrogen, propylene, etc.)
refrigeration units
expansion of pressurized gas.
What are the different types of energy?
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The preliminary risk assessment:some strong recommendations
It is vital to ensure that the hazard identification and risk evaluation cover all
eventualities.
Bear in mind that the accumulation or combination of different kinds of danger
can exacerbate the effects and increase the risk.
Do not underestimate the risks (slow rotation, steam at low pressure,
temperatures that can result in burns after several seconds of contact).
Do not overlook potential energy (risk of falling objects, elastic energy stored in
loadedsprings or gases).
Anticipate failure of supposedly reliable barriers (ineffective seal; corrosion,
erosion, etc.).
Understand the operating logic of automated systems.
Do not forget to consider the electricity stored in capacitors / batteries, and in
overhead or underground cables.
Consider the risks that may be generated by operations going on near the
equipment (see REXfrom April 2011 on the next page).
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Golden rule No. 8:
Confined spaces
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Because of these r isks, ser ious or fata l acc idents som etimes oc curwhen work takes place in con f ined spaces.
Confined spaces
A confined space is a hollow volume, completely or partially enclosed
(a place, structure, piece of equipment or machinery) and usually not
designed to be permanently manned. In some cases, a building can also
be considered a confined space.
However, it may be necessary to move through such spaces or work
inside them for maintenance or cleaning operations, occasionally orregularly.
The defining characteristic of a confined space is the particularly
limited natural exchange between the air inside and outside it, which
can lead to risks of suffocation, poisoning, fire and explosion.
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The risks of carrying out work in confined spaces
There are three types of risk associated with working in confinedspaces:
1. Asphyxia (suffocation), anoxia, hypoxia
2. Poisoning
3. Explosion and fire
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To sum up
Jib crane or
equivalent
Means of
ventilation
Winch with fall-
arrest system
Atmosphere-testing
deviceSelf-rescue
respirator
Harness to hold
the wearer in
position for the
work and to
protect against
falls
Physical or
visual
contact
Protective
barrier
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Golden rule No. 9:
Excavation works
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Excavation works
The many risks we regularly face in our activities include those related
to excavation works.
Its wrong to think that only people working on construction or laying
pipelines encounter these risks. In fact, excavation often takes place on
our sites, e.g. in the following instances:
Lower levels of construction (of a building for example) Installation of equipment (such as a pit for a buried tank)
A buried or semi-buried structure:
settling pit
storm water or wastewater basin
Laying an underground pipe or electrical cable
Work on a buried pipe or cable.
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Excavation works
Which operators encounter the risks directly?
Personnel who work at the bottom of excavations are potentially themost exposed:
Welders / pipefitters
Radiography operators
Electricians
Inspection technicians
Civil engineering technicians
Site supervisors
Drivers of motorized machinery
However, if a trench or excavation is not properly marked, anyone could
be involved in an accident. And lastly, in the most serious accidents,the people who are killed or injured are those who happen to be in the
immediate environment.
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Golden rule No. 10:
Work at height
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Risks and consequences
The two risks involved in working at height are:
The operator falling
Tools or equipment falling
The consequences closely depend on the work height and environment.
Fall of personnel
It is impossible to define from what height the consequences of a fall would be
serious.
There are too many variables to take into account, such as: The nature of the ground
The density of occupation of the area
The size and weight of the person
The type of landing
Etc.
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Working at height involves many risks, but canbe performed safely by respecting the basicguidelines.
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Golden rule No. 11:
Change management
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Ch
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Change management
In our disciplines, change management concerns changes:
To equipment
To processes
To safety systems or devices
To planned operating conditions or work methods
To the safety parameters
To procedures To the materials or substances used
In personnel (competencies, number, etc.)
In organization
Of supplier, raw materials and/or equipment
In the nature of the materials
etc.
Change is a source of danger and many accidents originate from
changes that are inadequately studied, incorrectly effected, improperly
signaled or poorly communicated.
So... wh y then do we make changes?
Ch t
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Change management
All changes, regardless of their intended advantages, must conform to
the same rigorous change management process. In principle and prior
to any analysis, every change, even one assumed to be minor, must
effectively be considered a source of risk.
Once the simple risk assessment has been doneand validated by the
appropriate line managementwe can select the change management
process in accordance with the nature of the risks flagged up in the
assessment.
Always be careful not to underestimate the potential impact a change
might have on the safety of personnel or on the integrity of
installations.
Make sure the necessary mitigation measures identified by the risk
assessment are properly applied.
Ch t
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Change management
Golden rule no. 11 states a number of essential points that must be
complied with before a change can be made.
Imagine a hypothetical flowchart, made up of the puzzle pieces below,
showing the sequence of key stages of a modification process
from identification of the change
to its implementation and follow-up.
Review with
management
Suitable risk
assessment
Approval /
authorization
Implementing the
change
Training Updating the
documentation
Information
communication
Are the four key points of the Golden rule included in this chart?
Identification of themitigation
measures, if
necessary
Preliminaryrisk
assessment
Low risk
Uncertainty or major risk
Identification of the
change
Follow-up of the
change
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Golden rule No. 12:Simultaneous operations
or co-activities
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This presentation resumes in
part the document that won
an award at the 2011 World
Day for Safety at work,
written by:
Nicole Mast
Toby Stevens
Nate Williams
Crystal Bryson
Si lt ti D fi iti
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Simultaneous operationsDefinition
Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) or co-activities are situations where
two or more jobs are being performed simultaneously in the same work
area.
Several Golden rules may apply at the same time (e.g. lifting, work at
height) when SIMOPS are performed. Workers tend to focus only on the
risks directly involved in the individual operations, without paying
enough attention to how these might interact. Yet it is precisely these
interactions that need to be taken into consideration.
Many accidents are caused by unforeseen events or failure to anticipate
risks.
When preparing works, it is vital to situate the operation in the overall
picture and not address each activity by itself. This is the only way to be
sure that all risks the workers are exposed to have been taken into
consideration.
E l f SIMOP
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Example of SIMOPs
Numerous machines and vehicles using the site traffic routes.
Two people (or four, or eight) working in a laboratory.
Equipment maintenance work in a production unit.
Loading / unloading of several trucks at the same loading / unloading
bay.
Several teams from different professions operating in the same area at
the same time.
A cleaning team or a group of visitors moving through an area while a
routine activity is in progress.
A habitual task becomes a simultaneous operation when combined with
other people or tasks.
Can you think of any more examp les?
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PLANNING
Inspections
HAZOP/ Riskassessment
Documentation
Definition ofroles
Supervision
Coordination /Communication
What to do now
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What to do now
Look at the strip cartoon,
Follow the full presentation for that rule
Any critical operation carried out infrequently
Bring the rule to life
Thank you !
This has been an overview of each rule. Every month Laggan
Tormore is focusing on one rule. Please visit the Corporate HSE
website and follow up the rule of the month shown on the HJSEplan posters and:-
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Total Golden Rules Safety Monthly Themes 2012
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
JAN FEB APR JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Work at Height
Traffic
Protective Equipment
World Safety Day Theme
SIMOPS
Risk Situations
Permit to Work
Lifting
Work on Powered Systems
Confined Spaces
Gestures, Postures, Tools
Change Management