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Religion
(Buddhism)
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Buddhism
• About 400 million adherents
– difficult to quantify due to syncretism
• the combination of different beliefs
• Three branches
– Mahayana (56%) (China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam)
– Theravada/Hinayana (38%) (Southeast Asia)
– Tantrayana/Vajrayana (6%) (Tibet, Mongolia)
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Origin and Diffusion of Buddhism
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Why is Buddhism not practiced in India
today?
– Syncretism
– absorbed into Hinduism
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Buddhist Places of Worship • stupas
– Mark location of relics
collected by Buddha’s
followers in South Asia
• pagodas
– Evolved from stupa
concept (i.e. repository
for relics)
– Mostly found in East
Asia (China and
Japan) • Also part of Shinto
landscape
• Asoka’s pillars
– know Asoka, most
important figure in the
diffusion of Buddhism
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Buddhism Calendar
• Universalizing, so
holidays will be based on
what?
– Life of the founder
• Birth at Lumbini
• Enlightenment at Bodh
Gaya
• 1st Sermon at Deer Park
• Death at Kushinagara
View of Buddha
• Mahayana
– Buddha elevated to divine
– Not as strict in requiring
monastic lifestyle
– Boddhisatvas
• Enlightenment guides
• Theravada
– Buddha = teacher, example
– Requires monastic sacrifice
• Tantayana
– More mystical
– Mixes in demons and other
deities
– Practice “sky burial”
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Buddhist Symbols
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