Religion: Religion: Judaism, Judaism,
Christianity, and Christianity, and IslamIslam
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Brief History Brief History
Judaism- The Hebrew leader Abraham founded Judaism around 2000 B.C. Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic faiths (religions with one God).
Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 30 in Jerusalem. It was after his death when his followers came to believe in him as the Christ, the Messiah.
Islam - Founded in Arabia by Muhammad between A.D. 610 and A.D. 632
Followers Called:◦Judaism – Jews◦Christianity – Christians◦Islam – Muslims
Clergy Called:◦Judaism – rabbis◦Christianity – bishop, pastor,
ministers, priest◦Islam - imams
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House of Worship◦Judaism – synagogue or temple◦Christianity – church, cathedral,
chapel◦Islam – mosque
◦Day of Worship Judaism – Saturday Christianity – Sunday Islam - Friday
Period 5 stopped here
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Original Language◦Judaism – Hebrew◦Christianity – Aramaic and Greek◦Islam – Arabic
Names of God◦Judaism – Yahweh and Elohim◦Christianity – God, the Trinity◦Islam – Allah◦ Period 2/3 stopped here
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Major Locations TODAY◦Judaism – Europe, Israel, North
America◦Christianity – Europe, North and
South America◦Islam – Africa, Middle East, and
Southeast AsiaPeriod 4 Stopped here
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Early Expansion◦Judaism – Little expansion mostly
confined to Israel◦Christianity – by the end of the 4th
century Christianity spread across the entire Roman Empire
◦Islam – Within 12 years, entire Arabian peninsula; after 100 years stretched from Spain to Southeast Asia
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Current Worldwide Followers TODAY◦Judaism – 14 million (ranks 12th)◦Christianity – 2 billion (ranks 1st)◦Islam – 1.3 billion (ranks 2nd)
◦In the USA Judaism – 5.6 million Christianity – 159 million Islam – 1.1 million
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Sacred Texts◦Judaism – Hebrew Bible◦Christianity – Old Testament and
New Testament◦Islam – Qur’an (Koran)
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All are monotheistic◦Judaism – One God◦Christianity – Trinity (God the father,
God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit)
◦Islam – One God
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Divine Revelation How do we know about God?
◦Judaism – through prophets recorded in the Hebrew Bible
◦Christianity – through prophets and Jesus as recorded in the Old and New Testament
◦Islam – through God’s final prophet Muhammad recorded in the Qur’an
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Bell RingerBell RingerGet your notebook out and write
TWO things EACH about the following about yesterday’s lesson: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Do NOT use your notes!!
Keep your notebooks out in case we need them.
This should only take 5 minutes at the most.
Do it silently as I take role.
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Means of Salvation◦Judaism – Belief in one God; good
deeds◦Christianity – correct belief, good
deeds; by faith accept Christ as Savior (Protestants)
◦Islam – Belief in one God; good deeds and follow Five Pillars of Faith
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Five Pillars of IslamFive Pillars of IslamA. A statement of faith- believing in
Allah and MohammedB. Prayer (five times a day in the
direction of Mecca)C. Charity (giving to those in need)D. Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in
your lifetime (called the Hajj)E. Fasting (during the month of
Ramadan)
Afterlife◦Judaism – eternal heaven, or no
afterlife◦Christianity – eternal heaven◦Islam – eternal paradise (heaven)
◦Judaism - eternal hell, or no afterlife◦Christianity – eternal hell◦Islam – eternal hell
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Symbols◦Judaism – Star of David◦Christianity – cross◦Islam – crescent with name of Allah
in Arabic
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View of Fellow Abrahamic Religions◦Judaism – “Islam and Christianity are
false interpretations and extensions of Judaism.”
◦Christianity – “Judaism is a true religion, but with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false religion.”
◦Islam – “Jews and Christians are respected as fellow believers, but with wrong beliefs and only partial revelation.”
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JudaismJudaism
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The Western Wall The Star of David
ChristianiChristianityty
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Cross and Ichthus
St. Peter’s Basilica- Vatican City, Rome
Advent- 4 weeks before Christmas
IslamIslam
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The Dome of the Rock
Mecca
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