Download - Reproduction
B E L L R I N G E R : N A M E A N D E X P L A I N 1 T H I N G T H A T M A Y I N C R E A S E T H E R I S K O F C A N C E R .
REPRODUCTION
REPRODUCTION
• All organisms, like these animals, need to reproduce
REPRODUCTION
• There are two kinds of reproduction: sexual and asexual
• Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are different from the parents
• Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parents
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• In asexual reproduction, the offspring are identical to the parent. They are known as clones
• Much like Boba Fett and Jango Fett from Star Wars
KINDS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• One way organisms reproduce asexually is actually mitosis.
• Bacteria do a similar process but we call it binary fission.
KINDS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Budding is when the parent grows a genetically identical offspring on its body, and then the offspring breaks away
KINDS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Regeneration occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of the parent.
KINDS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Vegetative reproduction is a form of asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a part of a parent plant.
KINDS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Cloning is a type of asexual reproduction performed in a laboratory that produces identical individuals from a cell or from a cluster of cells taken from a multicellular organism.
• Scientists have been able to clone many animals with the chromosomes from one parent.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Advantages
• No mate necessary• Saves time and
energy• Can produce large
numbers of offspring all at once
Disadvantages
• Can result in harmful mutations• No variation
(everything is identical) so if there are bad genes they are constantly passed on
BRAIN POP!
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/asexualreproduction/preview.weml
SEXUAL REPRODUCTIONB E L L R I N G E R: N A M E A N A DVA N TAG E O R D I S A DVA N TAG E O F
A S E X U A L R E P R O D U C T I O N
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• In sexual reproduction, a female and male sex cell come together
• The female sex cells are called eggs
• The male sex cells are called sperm
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Fertilization is the process through which the sperm and egg join.
• When the sperm joins with the egg they create something called a zygote
DIPLOID CELLS
• Organisms that reproduce sexually form body cells (muscle, bone, etc.) and sex cells (sperm and egg)
• In body cells of most organisms, similar chromosomes occur in pairs.
• Diploid cells are cells that have pairs of chromosomes.
• All cells in your body are diploid except for sperm and egg
DIPLOID CELLS
• Pairs of chromosomes that have genes for the same traits arranged in the same order are called homologous chromosomes.
• Because one chromosome is inherited from each parent, the chromosomes are not identical.
• Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes.
DIPLOID CELLS
HAPLOID CELLS
• Some cells have only half the number of chromosomes. These are haploid cells.
• In your body only the sperm and egg cells are haploid.
• When two haploid sex cells meet, they form a diploid zygote.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Advantages
• Genetic variation• Due to genetic variation,
individuals have slight differences.
• Genetic variation may enable organisms to be more disease-resistant, or stronger or have some other advantage over another member of the same species.
Disadvantages
• Organisms have to grow and develop until they are mature enough to produce sex cells.• Organisms must form
sex cells—either eggs or sperm.
REVIEW
• Which of these is not a kind of asexual reproduction?
A. BuddingB. CloningC. FertilizationD. Vegetative Reproduction
REVIEW
• What is an advantage of asexual reproduction?
A. Genetic variation occursB. No need for a mateC. Selective breeding is possibleD. Use of sperm and egg
REVIEW
• A cell with pairs of chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father is known as:
A. Diploid cellB. GametesC. Haploid cellD. Sex cell
REVIEW
• When sperm and egg come together, they form a:
A. A new egg cellB. Haploid cellC. Sex cellD. Zygote