Note-Taking Guide
Rescue Technician—Confined Space Rescue
Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute University of Maryland
Steven T. Edwards
Spring 2010
Copyright© 2010 by the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may by copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission of the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute.
The Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute of the University of Maryland is the State’s compre-hensive training and education system for all emergency services. The Institute plans, researches, develops, and delivers quality programs to enhance the abil-ity of emergency services providers to protect life, the environment, and property.
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 1Lesson 1--11
Introduction and PaperworkIntroduction and Paperwork
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe the structure and requirements of this the structure and requirements of this course.course.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--22
OverviewOverview
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and IntroductionsCourse RequirementsCourse Requirements
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--33
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and Introductions
Fill out paperworkFill out paperworkStructure of classStructure of class
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--44
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and Introductions
Class StructureClass Structure–– 11--11 Introduction and PaperworkIntroduction and Paperwork–– 11--22 Confined Spaces and Their HazardsConfined Spaces and Their Hazards–– 22--11 Confined Space Entry RequirementsConfined Space Entry Requirements–– 33--11 Air MonitoringAir Monitoring–– 33--22 Ventilation and InertingVentilation and Inerting–– 44--11 Lock Out/Tag OutLock Out/Tag Out–– 44--22 Strategic Rescue FactorsStrategic Rescue Factors–– 55--11 Incident CommandIncident Command
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--55
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and Introductions
Class StructureClass Structure–– 55--22 SOPsSOPs–– 55--33 Team EvaluationTeam Evaluation–– 66--11 SafetySafety–– 77--11 RescueRescue–– 77--22 Rescue EquipmentRescue Equipment–– 88--11 Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises–– 99--11 Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises–– 1010--11 Comprehensive Practical ExerciseComprehensive Practical Exercise–– 1111--11 Final Written ExamFinal Written Exam
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--66
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and Introductions
Attendance requirementAttendance requirementSafety firstSafety firstTermsTermsIntroductionsIntroductions
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--77
Course RequirementsCourse Requirements
Skill Sheets Skill Sheets –– Must be completed Must be completed priorprior to to taking the finaltaking the finalFinal Written Exam Final Written Exam –– Student must Student must receive a grade of 70% higherreceive a grade of 70% higher
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--88
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe the structure and requirements of this the structure and requirements of this course.course.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--11--99
ReviewReview
Course Structure and IntroductionsCourse Structure and IntroductionsCourse RequirementsCourse Requirements
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 1Lesson 1--22
Confined Spaces and Their HazardsConfined Spaces and Their Hazards
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, define handouts, and reading materials, define what constitutes a confined space and what constitutes a confined space and describe the hazards associated with describe the hazards associated with confined space rescue.confined space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--22
OverviewOverview
IntroductionIntroductionDefining Confined SpaceDefining Confined SpaceHazard RecognitionHazard RecognitionNonNon--Permit Spaces versus PermitPermit Spaces versus Permit--Required SpacesRequired Spaces
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--33
Introduction toIntroduction toConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lessons LearnedLessons LearnedOSHA HistoryOSHA History
Rule 1 - Don’t become a victim
Introduction toIntroduction toConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
NFPA 1006 Level I vs. Level IINFPA 1006 Level I vs. Level II–– Level ILevel I
Prepare to enter a confined spacePrepare to enter a confined spaceEnter a confined spaceEnter a confined spacePackage a victimPackage a victimRemove all entrantsRemove all entrants
–– Level IILevel IIPreplan a confined spacePreplan a confined spaceAssess a confined space incidentAssess a confined space incidentControl hazards at a confined space incidentControl hazards at a confined space incident
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--44
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--55
Defining Confined SpaceDefining Confined Space
Large enough to enterLarge enough to enterLimited openingsLimited openingsNot meant for human occupancyNot meant for human occupancy
Defining Confined SpaceDefining Confined Space
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--66
Interior of a confined space. This space is large enough for a person to enter and work in.
View of a limited opening on a confined space—opening is on top of the vault.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--77
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
Atmospheric hazardsAtmospheric hazardsFlammable gas, vapor or mistFlammable gas, vapor or mistAirborne combustible dustAirborne combustible dustHigh or low atmospheric oxygenHigh or low atmospheric oxygenAtmospheric concentration in excess of Atmospheric concentration in excess of permissible exposure limitpermissible exposure limitOther IDLH atmospheric conditionsOther IDLH atmospheric conditions
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--88
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
Flammable/Explosive RangeFlammable/Explosive Range–– Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)–– Upper Flammable Limit (UFL)Upper Flammable Limit (UFL)–– Flash PointFlash PointDust ConditionsDust ConditionsHazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--99
Illustration showing flammable range. The fuel mixture to the left of the LFL is too lean (not enough fuel), and the fuel mixture to the right of the UFL is too rich (too much fuel, not enough oxygen).
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1010
Flammable ranges of various materials. Some materials have a narrow flammable range, whereas others have a broad range.
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1111
Different materials have different flash points. Knowing the identity of the material, the flash point, and the temperature of the material will give you an idea of the fire hazard.
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1212
Effects of varying levels of oxygen on people.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1313
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
Physical HazardsPhysical Hazards–– ElectricalElectrical–– MechanicalMechanical–– FireFire–– Physical FeaturesPhysical Features–– EngulfmentEngulfment
Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1414
A variety of physical hazards can be present in a confined space. Note the sludge thickener (screw) running up the center of the picture.
A final clarifier tank in a sewage treatment plant. Hazards include the water, sloped sides near the top of the tank, and weirs.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1515
NonNon--Permit Spaces versusPermit Spaces versusPermitPermit--Required SpacesRequired Spaces
Permit SpacesPermit Spaces–– Hazardous AtmosphereHazardous Atmosphere–– Engulfment PotentialEngulfment Potential–– Internal ConfigurationInternal Configuration–– Other Health and Safety HazardsOther Health and Safety Hazards
NonNon--Permit SpacesPermit Spaces
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1616
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, define handouts, and reading materials, define what constitutes a confined space and what constitutes a confined space and describe the hazards associated with describe the hazards associated with confined space rescue.confined space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--11--22--1717
ReviewReview
Introduction to Confined Space RescueIntroduction to Confined Space RescueDefining Confined SpaceDefining Confined SpaceHazard RecognitionHazard RecognitionNonNon--Permit Spaces versus PermitPermit Spaces versus Permit--Required SpacesRequired Spaces
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 2Lesson 2--11
Confined Space Entry RequirementsConfined Space Entry Requirements
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the requirements to make describe the requirements to make entry into a permitentry into a permit--required confined required confined space.space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--22
OverviewOverview
Requirements for Confined Space EntryRequirements for Confined Space EntryConfined Space ProgramsConfined Space ProgramsConfined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry PermitEntry Permit PreparationEntry Permit PreparationRopes and Rigging ReviewRopes and Rigging Review
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--33
Chapter 1 Review QuestionsChapter 1 Review Questions
Discuss the review questions found on Discuss the review questions found on page 11 of the textpage 11 of the text
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--44
Requirements forRequirements forConfined Space EntryConfined Space Entry
LessonsLessons--learned reviewlearned reviewRescue Standard Operating ProceduresRescue Standard Operating ProceduresEntry PermitEntry Permit–– Determine if an entry permit existsDetermine if an entry permit exists–– Use the entry permit during sizeUse the entry permit during size--upup
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--55
Confined Space ProgramsConfined Space Programs
AttendantAttendantAuthorized EntrantAuthorized EntrantConfined Space SupervisorConfined Space Supervisor
Confined Space ProgramsConfined Space Programs
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--66
Attendant communicating with the entrants working inside the confined space.
Any person who makes entry into a confined space is an entrant and must be trained as an entrant. This entrant training requirement includes rescuers.
The confined space supervisor is responsible for making sure that the entry permit is properly filled out.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--77
Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit
Permit SpacesPermit Spaces–– Hazardous Hazardous
atmosphereatmosphere–– Engulfment Engulfment
potentialpotential–– Internal Internal
configurationconfiguration–– Other health and Other health and
safety hazardssafety hazardsNonNon--Permit SpacesPermit Spaces
Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--88
Not all spaces are permit-required confined spaces. This space does not require a confined space entry permit because it does not meet the definition of a permit-required confined space. But if an emergency occurred, how would you handle this space?
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--99
Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit
Elements of an Entry PermitElements of an Entry Permit–– Issue and expiration dateIssue and expiration date–– Identification of job site/space and supervisorIdentification of job site/space and supervisor–– Equipment to be worked on and work to be Equipment to be worked on and work to be
donedone–– Identification of attendant and entrantsIdentification of attendant and entrants–– Atmospheric checks before and during entryAtmospheric checks before and during entry
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1010
Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit
Elements of an Entry Permit Elements of an Entry Permit (continued)(continued)
–– Lockout/tagout in placeLockout/tagout in place
–– Ventilation requirementsVentilation requirements
–– Atmospheric monitoringAtmospheric monitoring
–– Communication proceduresCommunication procedures
–– Rescue proceduresRescue procedures
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1111
Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit
Elements of an Entry Permit Elements of an Entry Permit (continued)(continued)
–– Identification of all persons associated with Identification of all persons associated with the permit, including standthe permit, including stand--by personnelby personnel
–– Equipment requiredEquipment required
–– Review and approval signatureReview and approval signature
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1212
Entry PermitEntry Permit
Entry Permit PreparationEntry Permit Preparation
InIn--class Exerciseclass Exercise–– Groups fill out permitGroups fill out permit–– Review with whole classReview with whole class
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1313
Rope and Rigging ReviewRope and Rigging Review
Review rope and rigging skills required to Review rope and rigging skills required to perform practical exercises in Sessions 7, perform practical exercises in Sessions 7, 9 and 10.9 and 10.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1414
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1515
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the requirements to make describe the requirements to make entry into a permitentry into a permit--required confined required confined space.space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--22--11--1616
ReviewReview
Requirements for Confined Space EntryRequirements for Confined Space EntryConfined Space ProgramsConfined Space ProgramsConfined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry PermitEntry Permit PreparationEntry Permit PreparationRopes and Rigging ReviewRopes and Rigging Review
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 3Lesson 3--11Air MonitoringAir Monitoring
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe why and how to monitor the describe why and how to monitor the air in a confined space.air in a confined space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--22
OverviewOverview
Combustible GasesCombustible GasesOxygen Monitoring EquipmentOxygen Monitoring EquipmentSpecific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas MonitoringpH DevicespH DevicesUnderstanding Monitoring Equipment Understanding Monitoring Equipment ReadingsReadings
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--33
Chapter 2 Review QuestionsChapter 2 Review Questions
Discuss the 10 review questions found Discuss the 10 review questions found on page 28 of the texton page 28 of the text
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--44
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
LessonsLessons--learned reviewlearned reviewDirect Reading InstrumentsDirect Reading InstrumentsCombustible Gas Indicator (CGI)Combustible Gas Indicator (CGI)–– Wheatstone BridgeWheatstone Bridge–– LFL %LFL %–– Gas used to calibrateGas used to calibrate–– Action limitAction limit–– Effects of vapor densityEffects of vapor density
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--55
A combustible gas detector combined with a multiple gas detector and calibration equipment.
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--66
Combustible gas detectors indicate how close the gas concentration is to the lower flammable limit of the gas with which the meter is calibrated.
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--77
For a CGI calibrated on methane, a meter reading of 50 percent would indicate a gas concentration equal to 2.5 percent methane in air.
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--88
Depending on the vapor density of the gas you are attempting to monitor, the gas concentration may vary within the space. A gas that is heavier than air will tend to be more concentrated at the bottom of the space. The reverse would be true for a gas that is lighter than air.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--99
Combustible GasesCombustible Gases
DemonstrationDemonstrationStudent PracticeStudent PracticeSkill SignSkill Sign--OffOff
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1010
Oxygen Monitoring EquipmentOxygen Monitoring Equipment
Upper and lower limitsUpper and lower limits
Impact of oxygen content on rescue Impact of oxygen content on rescue efforts and safetyefforts and safety
Evaluation of the space and monitoring Evaluation of the space and monitoring different levels of the spacedifferent levels of the space
Oxygen Monitoring EquipmentOxygen Monitoring Equipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1111
Oxygen levels that are above or below the normal range of 19.5 percent to 23.5 percent lead to problems that must be addressed.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1212
Oxygen Monitoring EquipmentOxygen Monitoring Equipment
DemonstrationDemonstrationPracticePracticeSign OffSign Off
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1313
Specific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas Monitoring
Identification of potential gasesIdentification of potential gasesUse of gas specific monitorsUse of gas specific monitorsInterpreting readingsInterpreting readingsPresence of an IDLHPresence of an IDLHUse of colorimetric tubesUse of colorimetric tubesLimitation of indirect monitoring devicesLimitation of indirect monitoring devices
Specific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas Monitoring
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1414
This is a meter that is designed to monitor carbon monoxide levels. It is not intended to detect or measure any other gas.
Specific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas Monitoring
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1515
This meter is designed to measure combustible gases, oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide.
Specific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas Monitoring
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1616
Colorimetric tubes are designed to be used to detect specific chemicals. These tubes are used by drawing a sample of air through the tube and then noting any color change.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1717
Specific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas Monitoring
DemonstrateDemonstratePracticePracticeSign OffSign Off
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1818
pH DevicespH Devices
Nature of corrosive materialsNature of corrosive materialspH of specific substancespH of specific substancesMethods of determining pHMethods of determining pHUse of pH toolsUse of pH tools
pH DevicespH Devices
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--1919
A pH meter. pH paper.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2020
pH DevicespH Devices
DemonstrateDemonstratePracticePracticeSign OffSign Off
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2121
Understanding Monitoring Understanding Monitoring Equipment ReadingsEquipment Readings
Order of equipment useOrder of equipment useMonitoring outside environmentMonitoring outside environmentUse of preUse of pre--plansplansConfined space sizeConfined space size--up and the role of up and the role of monitoringmonitoringContinuous monitoringContinuous monitoringUse of manufacturer documentationUse of manufacturer documentationInterference with monitoring equipmentInterference with monitoring equipment
Understanding Monitoring Understanding Monitoring Equipment ReadingsEquipment Readings
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2222
1. Monitor the atmosphere outside of the confined space as you approach the opening. Then begin monitoring the space, beginning at the top of the space, moving to the middle, and finally moving near the bottom of the space.
2. Depending on the length of any hose or tubing attached to the monitoring equipment, the response time of the equipment will vary. The longer the hose, the longer it takes for the sample to reach the sensors.
Understanding Monitoring Understanding Monitoring Equipment ReadingsEquipment Readings
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2323
3. If the space is deep, you might want to consider taking readings at inter-mediate levels between the top, middle, and bottom levels.
4. Do not allow the sampling tube to touch or rest on the bottom of the con-fined space. Debris can enter sampling hose and plug or damage the meter.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2424
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe why and how to monitor the describe why and how to monitor the air in a confined space.air in a confined space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--11--2525
ReviewReview
Combustible GasesCombustible GasesOxygen Monitoring EquipmentOxygen Monitoring EquipmentSpecific Gas MonitoringSpecific Gas MonitoringpH DevicespH DevicesUnderstanding Monitoring Equipment Understanding Monitoring Equipment ReadingsReadings
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 3Lesson 3--22Ventilation and InertingVentilation and Inerting
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe and demonstrate how to ventilate a and demonstrate how to ventilate a confined space and identify the impact of confined space and identify the impact of inerting a confined space.inerting a confined space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--22
OverviewOverview
VentilationVentilationInertingInertingPractical ExercisesPractical Exercises
VentilationVentilation
Ventilation eliminates or reduces hazardsVentilation eliminates or reduces hazards
Atmospheric hazards can originate from Atmospheric hazards can originate from outside the spaceoutside the space–– Accidental (such as vehicle exhaust)Accidental (such as vehicle exhaust)–– Intentional (such as inerting)Intentional (such as inerting)
Ventilation reduces contaminants by dilution Ventilation reduces contaminants by dilution or removalor removalVentilation can provide victims with Ventilation can provide victims with increased oxygenincreased oxygen
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--33
VentilationVentilation
Mechanical ventilation can protect victimsMechanical ventilation can protect victims–– Entry is not requiredEntry is not required–– SetSet--up is quickup is quick
Prior to ventilation:Prior to ventilation:–– Know what hazards are in the spaceKnow what hazards are in the space–– Initiate constant monitoringInitiate constant monitoring–– Estimate space size and ventilation Estimate space size and ventilation
requirementsrequirements
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--44
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--55
You know that this space contains a hazardous atmosphere. Now you must determine what the hazard is.
This confined space has a single, small (21-inch) opening for ventila-tion and access.
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--66
A mechanical blower that moves 2,500 cubic feet A mechanical blower that moves 2,500 cubic feet per minute (cfm) will change the air 2.5 times per per minute (cfm) will change the air 2.5 times per minute in a 1,000 cubic foot spaceminute in a 1,000 cubic foot space
By blowing air into a space and placing the air hose near the victim, you can provide fresh air to the victim.
This large, bulk storage tank will be difficult to ventilate due to the large volume of the space.
VentilationVentilation
Inlet and exhaust openings must be Inlet and exhaust openings must be plannedplanned–– Must consider hazard to people outside the Must consider hazard to people outside the
spacespace
–– Location of ventilation openings can assist Location of ventilation openings can assist depending on vapor densitydepending on vapor density
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--77
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--88
You must know where your exhaust gases are going as you vent a con-fined space. If these exhaust gases are heavier than air, or the intake opening was downwind of the ex-haust opening, what effect would that have on your operation?
Churning occurs when air is blown through the fan or blower, enters and immediately exits the space, and is drawn right back through the fan. When you are venting a space, you must be aware of how effective the air move-ment is. Air that is churning does not contribute to ventilating the space.
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--99
Prevent churning by using a hose attached to the Prevent churning by using a hose attached to the fanfan——creates a remote discharge point for air being creates a remote discharge point for air being moved by fanmoved by fan
When you have a space with a single opening, it must be used for intake and exhaust. By using a hose to push air into the lower areas, air will cir-culate more effectively.
VentilationVentilation
Other factors to consider:Other factors to consider:–– Where exhaust gases will goWhere exhaust gases will go
–– Victim locationVictim location
–– Gas locationGas location
–– FansFans’’ placementplacementVolumeVolumeStacking and tandem useStacking and tandem useHose length and diameterHose length and diameter
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1010
VentilationVentilation
Saddle VentSaddle Vent™™–– Air is received from an 8Air is received from an 8--inch blower hose, inch blower hose,
passed through Saddle Ventpassed through Saddle Vent™™ and passed and passed into an 8into an 8--inch hose for deliveryinch hose for delivery
Heaters Heaters –– Used in cold confined spacesUsed in cold confined spaces
FiltersFilters–– Placed in the line to remove dustPlaced in the line to remove dust
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1111
VentilationVentilation
Power sources for ventilation equipmentPower sources for ventilation equipment–– GasolineGasoline–– Internal combustion engineInternal combustion engine–– Electric motorElectric motor–– Air compressorAir compressor
Some equipment can be an ignition Some equipment can be an ignition source for flammable vaporssource for flammable vapors
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1212
VentilationVentilation
Potential equipment failures can be simple Potential equipment failures can be simple problems (accidentally unplugged) or problems (accidentally unplugged) or complex problems (loss of electrical power)complex problems (loss of electrical power)
–– Determine if you can safely work around the Determine if you can safely work around the problem or if rescuers need to be pulled outproblem or if rescuers need to be pulled out
–– If impact is minor, make sure it remains minorIf impact is minor, make sure it remains minor
–– Minimize impact of failures by maintaining Minimize impact of failures by maintaining equipmentequipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1313
VentilationVentilation
PositivePositive--pressure ventilationpressure ventilation–– Takes air from outside and forces it insideTakes air from outside and forces it inside
Use a hose to direct air to victimUse a hose to direct air to victim
–– Avoids flammable vapors coming into contact Avoids flammable vapors coming into contact with the fan blades or motorwith the fan blades or motor
Static electricity still may occurStatic electricity still may occur
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1414
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1515
It is possible to use a single opening for positive-pressure ventilation. You must allow for a space at the top of the intake opening for exhaust gases to pass to the outside.
VentilationVentilation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1616
It is possible to use fans in combination for both positive-pressure and negative-pressure ventilation.
VentilationVentilation
NegativeNegative--pressure pressure ventilationventilation–– Drawing air outDrawing air out–– Directing air to a Directing air to a
location remote from location remote from inlet openinginlet opening
A combination of A combination of negative and positive negative and positive pressure may also be pressure may also be usedused
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1717
A gasoline powered blower and two electrically powered fans. Note the size and length of the ventilation hoses as well as the different sizes of the fans.
InertingInerting
Removes oxygen from a confined spaceRemoves oxygen from a confined spaceUses inerting gases such as:Uses inerting gases such as:–– Nitrogen Nitrogen –– Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide–– CombinationCombinationRemoves oxygen to:Removes oxygen to:–– Eliminate one leg of fire triangle (oxygen) to Eliminate one leg of fire triangle (oxygen) to
reduce fire potentialreduce fire potential–– Stop oxidation of productStop oxidation of product
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1818
InertingInerting
A significant amount of inerting gas A significant amount of inerting gas replaces the volume of air in the spacereplaces the volume of air in the space
If a space has been inerted, find out whyIf a space has been inerted, find out why
Adding air to inerted confined space Adding air to inerted confined space containing flammable liquid and vapors containing flammable liquid and vapors may bring vapors into flammable rangemay bring vapors into flammable range
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--1919
InertingInerting
Gaseous fire extinguishing agents used Gaseous fire extinguishing agents used in a confined space may create low in a confined space may create low oxygen atmosphere (inert) or a toxic oxygen atmosphere (inert) or a toxic atmosphereatmosphere
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--2020
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--2121
InertingInertingThe white tank, next to the two silos shown in this picture, is a liquid nitrogen tank for inerting the atmosphere within the silos. Without preplanning, you may not realize that this hazard is present.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--2222
Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises
DemonstrationDemonstrationStudent practiceStudent practiceSkill signSkill sign--offoff
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--2323
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe and demonstrate how to describe and demonstrate how to ventilate a confined space and identify ventilate a confined space and identify the impact of inerting a confined space.the impact of inerting a confined space.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--33--22--2424
ReviewReview
VentilationVentilationInertingInertingPractical ExercisesPractical Exercises
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 4Lesson 4--11Lockout/TagoutLockout/Tagout
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe lockout/tagout procedures and how they lockout/tagout procedures and how they apply to confined space rescue.apply to confined space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--22
OverviewOverview
Lockout/Tagout RequirementsLockout/Tagout RequirementsPreplanningPreplanningHazard and Risk AssessmentHazard and Risk AssessmentLockout/Tagout DevicesLockout/Tagout DevicesLockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsLockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsDemonstration and Student PracticeDemonstration and Student Practice
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--33
Chapters 3 & 7Chapters 3 & 7Review QuestionsReview Questions
Discuss the review questions found on Discuss the review questions found on pages 44 and 105 of the textpages 44 and 105 of the text
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--44
Lockout/Tagout RequirementsLockout/Tagout Requirements
PurposePurpose——to identify and control energy to identify and control energy sourcessourcesInclusion in entry permitInclusion in entry permitIdentification in preIdentification in pre--planplan
Lockout/Tagout RequirementsLockout/Tagout Requirements
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--55
A lockout control center showing some of the equipment required for controlling energy sources.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--66
PreplanningPreplanning
Identify hazardsIdentify hazardsIdentify how to control hazardsIdentify how to control hazardsUnderstand that preplans help with Understand that preplans help with sizesize--up but do not replace sizeup but do not replace size--upupExpect changes when using a preplanExpect changes when using a preplanCarry a basic lockout/tagout kit as part Carry a basic lockout/tagout kit as part of rescue equipmentof rescue equipment
PreplanningPreplanning
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--77
Product stored in this hopper is intended to be released through the chute at the bottom. The source of the energy moving this product is gravity, and it must be thought of as stored energy.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--88
Hazard and Risk AssessmentHazard and Risk Assessment
Conduct AssessmentConduct Assessment–– What energy sources exist?What energy sources exist?
–– How are sources controlled?How are sources controlled?
–– Is this a recovery or a rescue effort?Is this a recovery or a rescue effort?
–– What is likely to happen as rescue proceeds?What is likely to happen as rescue proceeds?
–– What must be done to protect the victim and the What must be done to protect the victim and the rescuers?rescuers?
Document the assessment and incorporate into Document the assessment and incorporate into the IAPthe IAP
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--99
Lockout/Tagout DevicesLockout/Tagout Devices
Electrical Circuit BreakersElectrical Circuit BreakersDisconnect SwitchesDisconnect SwitchesLine ValvesLine ValvesLatches, Chains and ChocksLatches, Chains and Chocks
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1010
Lockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout Equipment
RescuersRescuers’’ basic equipmentbasic equipmentOnOn--site and/or specialized equipmentsite and/or specialized equipmentImprovised devices (with caution)Improvised devices (with caution)
Lockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout Equipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1111
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1212
Lockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsLockout/Tagout Strategic Factors
Energy sources can kill or maim and Energy sources can kill or maim and must be understood and controlledmust be understood and controlled
First answer basic sizeFirst answer basic size--up questions, up questions, then ask:then ask:–– Can energy be controlled?Can energy be controlled?–– Is additional assistance needed?Is additional assistance needed?–– Where will assistance come from?Where will assistance come from?
Lockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsLockout/Tagout Strategic Factors
For energy sources found must consider:For energy sources found must consider:–– Is energy source part of the cause of the Is energy source part of the cause of the
incident?incident?–– Is it controlled and if so, how?Is it controlled and if so, how?–– Is there equipment that starts automatically?Is there equipment that starts automatically?–– Is there a preplan that discusses energy Is there a preplan that discusses energy
sources?sources?–– What is the current situation and what has to What is the current situation and what has to
happen next?happen next?
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1313
Lockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsLockout/Tagout Strategic Factors
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1414
Warning sign indicating the presence of automatic starting equipment. Automatic starting equipment can start without warning.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1515
Practical ExercisePractical Exercise
DemonstrateDemonstratePracticePracticeSign offSign off
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1616
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe lockout/tagout procedures and how they lockout/tagout procedures and how they apply to confined space rescue.apply to confined space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--11--1717
ReviewReview
Lockout/Tagout RequirementsLockout/Tagout RequirementsPreplanningPreplanningHazard and Risk AssessmentHazard and Risk AssessmentLockout/Tagout DevicesLockout/Tagout DevicesLockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout EquipmentLockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsLockout/Tagout Strategic FactorsDemonstration and Student PracticeDemonstration and Student Practice
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 4Lesson 4--22Strategic Rescue FactorsStrategic Rescue Factors
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe the strategic factors that have to be the strategic factors that have to be considered when sizing up a confined considered when sizing up a confined space rescue.space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--22
OverviewOverview
Basic Rescue SizeBasic Rescue Size--UpUpBasic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Basic Rescue SizeBasic Rescue Size--UpUp
Conduct Size UpConduct Size Up–– Analyze extent of problem Analyze extent of problem
–– Identify readily available information and Identify readily available information and determine its impactdetermine its impact
–– Identify critical factors and analyze their Identify critical factors and analyze their impactimpact
–– Determine what additional information is Determine what additional information is requiredrequired
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--33
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--44
Basic Rescue SizeBasic Rescue Size--UpUp
Prepare preplansPrepare preplans–– Identify spaces and their hazardsIdentify spaces and their hazards–– Define limits of the organizationDefine limits of the organization–– Plan for common types of facilitiesPlan for common types of facilities–– Identify training needsIdentify training needs–– Examine SOPs/SOGs for adequacyExamine SOPs/SOGs for adequacy
Gain Access for Preplanning and TrainingGain Access for Preplanning and Training–– Should be a written agreementShould be a written agreement–– Should include both preplanning and trainingShould include both preplanning and training
Basic Rescue SizeBasic Rescue Size--UpUp
Standardize confined space SOPsStandardize confined space SOPs–– Look for similaritiesLook for similarities–– Incorporate into the SOPIncorporate into the SOP
Identify variations in SOP requirementsIdentify variations in SOP requirements–– Categorize as high or low impactCategorize as high or low impact
–– Prepare expanded procedures for high Prepare expanded procedures for high impact variationsimpact variations
–– Minimize efforts on low impact variationsMinimize efforts on low impact variations
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--55
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Impact varies according to incidentImpact varies according to incident–– Confined space permit should indicate:Confined space permit should indicate:
Type of work being performedType of work being performedExpected hazardsExpected hazardsNumber of people in the confined spaceNumber of people in the confined spaceWho to contact for additional informationWho to contact for additional information
–– If no permit is present: If no permit is present: Gather informationGather informationAnalyze Analyze Use what you know to develop an action planUse what you know to develop an action plan
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--66
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--77
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Atmospheric hazardsAtmospheric hazards–– What work was being done?What work was being done?
–– Were toxic substances being used?Were toxic substances being used?
–– Was sludge disturbed?Was sludge disturbed?
–– Where will exhaust venting gases go?Where will exhaust venting gases go?
–– Will an atmospheric hazard be spread?Will an atmospheric hazard be spread?
–– Will rescue equipment generate hazardous Will rescue equipment generate hazardous gases?gases?
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--88
This trench has a variety of physical hazard items surrounding it that can easily be knocked or dropped into the space and injure people.
Depending upon the type of work being performed within the confined space, hazards may be introduced that you might not expect.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--99
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Physical HazardsPhysical Hazards–– Go beyond lockout/tagoutGo beyond lockout/tagout–– Identify all hazardsIdentify all hazards
ExposuresExposures–– Will hazards be spread?Will hazards be spread?
ConstructionConstruction–– Is the space structurally stable?Is the space structurally stable?–– Has the structure been damaged?Has the structure been damaged?
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1010
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
ContentsContents–– What is normally in the space?What is normally in the space?–– What other products have been brought in?What other products have been brought in?
ResourcesResources–– Is the response adequate?Is the response adequate?–– Are more resources needed?Are more resources needed?
TimeTime–– How long will the rescue take and what will How long will the rescue take and what will
be the effect on the victim(s) and the be the effect on the victim(s) and the rescuers?rescuers?
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1111
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
CommunicationsCommunications–– Both within and outside the spaceBoth within and outside the space
Risk to LifeRisk to Life–– What are the hazards?What are the hazards?
Weather ConditionsWeather Conditions–– TemperatureTemperature–– WindWind
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1212
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Special ProblemsSpecial Problems–– Everything else (what are examples?)Everything else (what are examples?)
Life SafetyLife Safety–– Safety of victims, rescuers and onlookersSafety of victims, rescuers and onlookers
Incident StabilizationIncident Stabilization–– Control hazards, focus on safetyControl hazards, focus on safety
Property ConservationProperty Conservation–– Necessary vs. unnecessary damageNecessary vs. unnecessary damage
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Basic actions at a confined space rescue:Basic actions at a confined space rescue:–– Manage the risk to operating personnelManage the risk to operating personnel–– Locate the victim(s)Locate the victim(s)–– Identify how you will communicate with the Identify how you will communicate with the
entry team while they are in the spaceentry team while they are in the space–– Determine how you will rescue the entry Determine how you will rescue the entry
team, if neededteam, if needed–– Identify how you will remove the victimIdentify how you will remove the victim–– Enter only with proper PPE for rescue entry Enter only with proper PPE for rescue entry
teamteamRES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1313
Basic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Incident priorities:Incident priorities:–– Life safetyLife safety
Eliminate or decrease hazards to victims Eliminate or decrease hazards to victims Rescue once rescuers are protectedRescue once rescuers are protected
–– Incident stabilizationIncident stabilization–– Property conservationProperty conservation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1414
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1515
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe handouts, and reading materials, describe the strategic factors that have to be the strategic factors that have to be considered when sizing up a confined considered when sizing up a confined space rescue.space rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--44--22--1616
ReviewReview
Basic Rescue SizeBasic Rescue Size--UpUpBasic Strategic FactorsBasic Strategic Factors
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 5Lesson 5--11Using the Incident Command SystemUsing the Incident Command System
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the necessity of using the describe the necessity of using the incident command system in incident command system in management of a confined space management of a confined space rescue. rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--22
OverviewOverview(1 of 2)(1 of 2)
SafetySafetyUnity of CommandUnity of CommandSpan of ControlSpan of ControlCommon TerminologyCommon TerminologySingle Command and Unified CommandSingle Command and Unified CommandThe Incident Action PlanThe Incident Action Plan
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--33
OverviewOverview(2 of 2)(2 of 2)
The Command PostThe Command PostResource ManagementResource ManagementIncident PrioritiesIncident PrioritiesCommandCommandOther Command Support StaffOther Command Support StaffApplying the Incident Command System Applying the Incident Command System to Confined Space Rescueto Confined Space Rescue
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--44
Chapter 4 & 6Chapter 4 & 6Review QuestionsReview Questions
Discuss the review questions found on Discuss the review questions found on pages 55 and 93 of the textpages 55 and 93 of the text
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--55
The Incident Command SystemThe Incident Command System
SafetySafety–– Safety firstSafety first–– Nature of hazards and risksNature of hazards and risks
Unity of CommandUnity of Command–– Confined space incident command much the same Confined space incident command much the same
as that of other incidentsas that of other incidents–– One IC, each person has one supervisorOne IC, each person has one supervisor
Span of controlSpan of control–– Span of control cannot exceed 7 peopleSpan of control cannot exceed 7 people–– Staff needs to increase as resources increaseStaff needs to increase as resources increase
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--66
The Incident Command SystemThe Incident Command System
Common TerminologyCommon Terminology–– Unit numbering, radio terms, etc.Unit numbering, radio terms, etc.
Single command and unified commandSingle command and unified command–– Single commandSingle command——single incident commander is in single incident commander is in
chargecharge–– Unified commandUnified command——multiple agencies involvedmultiple agencies involved
The Incident Action PlanThe Incident Action Plan–– Goals and objectivesGoals and objectives–– Strategy and tactics incorporating SOPsStrategy and tactics incorporating SOPs
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--77
The Incident Command SystemThe Incident Command System
The Command PostThe Command Post–– Location must be known to all personnelLocation must be known to all personnel–– Size will increase with complexity of the incidentSize will increase with complexity of the incident
Resource ManagementResource Management–– Task assignmentsTask assignments–– AccountabilityAccountability–– Additional resourcesAdditional resources
Incident PrioritiesIncident Priorities–– Life safetyLife safety–– Incident stabilizationIncident stabilization–– Property conservationProperty conservation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--88
CommandCommand
Command must exist on every incidentCommand must exist on every incidentStaff other positions only as neededStaff other positions only as needed–– Incident Safety Officer (ISO)Incident Safety Officer (ISO)
Must have knowledge of confined space rescueMust have knowledge of confined space rescueMust recognize hazards present/possibleMust recognize hazards present/possibleMust have authority to actMust have authority to act
–– Public Information Officer (PIO)Public Information Officer (PIO)Allows IC to focus on incidentAllows IC to focus on incidentMust be given factual information by the ICMust be given factual information by the IC
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--99
Other Command PositionsOther Command Positions
PlanningPlanningOperationsOperationsLogisticsLogisticsFinance/AdministrationFinance/Administration
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--1010
Applying Incident CommandApplying Incident Commandto Confined Space Rescueto Confined Space Rescue
Incident command structure needs to Incident command structure needs to meet the size and complexity of the meet the size and complexity of the incident incident
Structure must consider span of controlStructure must consider span of control
Command requires good, timely Command requires good, timely information to be effectiveinformation to be effective
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--1111
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the necessity of using the describe the necessity of using the incident command system in incident command system in management of a confined space management of a confined space rescue. rescue.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--1212
ReviewReview(1 of 2)(1 of 2)
SafetySafetyUnity of CommandUnity of CommandSpan of ControlSpan of ControlCommon TerminologyCommon TerminologySingle Command and Unified CommandSingle Command and Unified CommandThe Incident Action PlanThe Incident Action Plan
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--11--1313
ReviewReview(2 of 2)(2 of 2)
The Command PostThe Command PostResource ManagementResource ManagementIncident PrioritiesIncident PrioritiesCommandCommandOther Command Support StaffOther Command Support StaffApplying the Incident Command System Applying the Incident Command System to Confined Space Rescueto Confined Space Rescue
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 5Lesson 5--22Standard Operating ProceduresStandard Operating Procedures
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of standard operating describe the role of standard operating procedures in conducting effective and procedures in conducting effective and efficient confined space rescues.efficient confined space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--22
OverviewOverview
Development of Standard Operating Development of Standard Operating ProceduresProceduresWritten SOPsWritten SOPsUse of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--33
Development of Development of Standard Operating ProceduresStandard Operating ProceduresWhy do we need SOPs in confined space Why do we need SOPs in confined space rescue?rescue?
SOPs must beSOPs must be–– AccurateAccurate–– CurrentCurrent–– TaughtTaught
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--44
Written SOPsWritten SOPs
Why do SOPs need to be written?Why do SOPs need to be written?
SOPs should beSOPs should be–– In standard formatIn standard format–– DetailedDetailed–– SimpleSimple–– ExercisedExercised
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--55
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
How do checklists support SOPs?How do checklists support SOPs?How can a checklist serve as an How can a checklist serve as an evaluation tool?evaluation tool?
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--66
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--77
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--88
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--99
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--1010
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--1111
Use of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--1212
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--1313
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of standard operating describe the role of standard operating procedures in conducting effective and procedures in conducting effective and efficient confined space rescues.efficient confined space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--22--1414
ReviewReview
Development of Standard Operating Development of Standard Operating ProceduresProceduresWritten SOPsWritten SOPsUse of ChecklistsUse of Checklists
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 5Lesson 5--33Team EvaluationTeam Evaluation
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe components of selecting and describe components of selecting and evaluating confined space rescue teams. evaluating confined space rescue teams.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--22
OverviewOverview
OSHAOSHA’’s Response Time Evaluations Response Time EvaluationOSHAOSHA’’s Potential Rescue Team Evaluation: s Potential Rescue Team Evaluation: QualificationsQualificationsNFPA StandardsNFPA StandardsOther Considerations for Evaluating Other Considerations for Evaluating Confined SpacesConfined SpacesManaging Confined Spaces and the Need Managing Confined Spaces and the Need for Rescuefor Rescue
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--33
OSHAOSHA’’s Response Time Evaluations Response Time Evaluation
Characterizing the hazards of a confined Characterizing the hazards of a confined spacespace–– Higher threat needs faster action?Higher threat needs faster action?–– How are hazards controlled?How are hazards controlled?
Time considerationTime consideration–– How long will it take for rescuers to arrive on How long will it take for rescuers to arrive on
scene after notification?scene after notification?–– How much time will be needed to set up?How much time will be needed to set up?
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--44
OSHAOSHA’’s Potential Rescue Teams Potential Rescue TeamEvaluation: QualificationsEvaluation: Qualifications
Initial EvaluationInitial Evaluation–– Confined space trainingConfined space training–– EMS trainingEMS training–– PPE and rescue equipmentPPE and rescue equipment
Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation–– Measurable objectivesMeasurable objectives–– Identified shortcomingsIdentified shortcomings–– Periodic trainingPeriodic training
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--55
NFPA StandardsNFPA Standards
NFPA 1006, Chapter 7NFPA 1006, Chapter 7NFPA 1670NFPA 1670
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--66
Other Considerations for Other Considerations for Evaluating Confined SpacesEvaluating Confined Spaces
NFPA Standard 1006, Chapter 7NFPA Standard 1006, Chapter 7Other considerations for evaluationOther considerations for evaluation–– Configuration of the spaceConfiguration of the space–– Elevation of the openingsElevation of the openings–– Portal sizePortal size–– Access and retrieval linesAccess and retrieval lines
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--77
Managing Confined SpacesManaging Confined Spacesand the Need for Rescueand the Need for Rescue
NonNon--entry rescueentry rescueRescue classificationsRescue classifications–– Class AClass A–– Class BClass B–– Class CClass C–– Class DClass D
Managing Confined SpacesManaging Confined Spacesand the Need for Rescueand the Need for Rescue
Class A Confined Space: Class A Confined Space: –– PermitPermit--requiredrequired
–– Hazards require immediate rescue of victims Hazards require immediate rescue of victims and a rescue team to effect the rescueand a rescue team to effect the rescue
–– An approved rescue team must be on An approved rescue team must be on location at entry pointlocation at entry point
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--88
Managing Confined SpacesManaging Confined Spacesand the Need for Rescueand the Need for Rescue
Class B Confined Space: Class B Confined Space: –– PermitPermit--requiredrequired
–– Hazards require immediate rescue of victimsHazards require immediate rescue of victims
–– Attendant can perform rescue from outside Attendant can perform rescue from outside the spacethe space
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--99
Managing Confined SpacesManaging Confined Spacesand the Need for Rescueand the Need for Rescue
Class C Confined Space: Class C Confined Space: –– PermitPermit--required or nonrequired or non--permit required permit required
–– No hazards or hazards are fully controlledNo hazards or hazards are fully controlled
–– Rescue requires use of a rescue teamRescue requires use of a rescue teamApproved rescue team must be available and Approved rescue team must be available and able to respond in a timely mannerable to respond in a timely manner
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--1010
Managing Confined SpacesManaging Confined Spacesand the Need for Rescueand the Need for Rescue
Class D Confined Space: Class D Confined Space: –– PermitPermit--required or nonrequired or non––permit required permit required
spacespace
–– No hazards or hazards are fully controlled No hazards or hazards are fully controlled
–– Attendant can perform rescue from outside Attendant can perform rescue from outside the spacethe space
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--1111
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--1212
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe components of selecting and describe components of selecting and evaluating confined space rescue evaluating confined space rescue teams. teams.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--55--33--1313
ReviewReview
OSHAOSHA’’s Response Time Evaluations Response Time EvaluationOSHAOSHA’’s Potential Rescue Team s Potential Rescue Team Evaluation: QualificationsEvaluation: QualificationsNFPA StandardsNFPA StandardsOther Considerations for Evaluating Other Considerations for Evaluating Confined SpacesConfined SpacesManaging Confined Spaces and the Need Managing Confined Spaces and the Need for Rescuefor Rescue
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 6Lesson 6--11SafetySafety
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe how to manage risk and describe how to manage risk and protect personnel during confined protect personnel during confined space rescues. space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--22
OverviewOverview
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for PersonnelPersonal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective EquipmentNoiseNoisePractical ExercisesPractical Exercises
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--33
Chapters 5, 10 and 12Chapters 5, 10 and 12Review QuestionsReview Questions
Discuss the review questions found on Discuss the review questions found on pages 76, 162 and 202 of the textpages 76, 162 and 202 of the text
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Inherent risk associated with confined Inherent risk associated with confined space rescuespace rescue–– By definition of a confined spaceBy definition of a confined space–– Hazardous atmosphereHazardous atmosphere–– Engulfment potentialEngulfment potential–– Physical configuration that can cause Physical configuration that can cause
entrapmententrapment–– Other hazardsOther hazards
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--44
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Actions therefore requiredActions therefore required–– Identify hazardsIdentify hazards
–– Analyze hazardsAnalyze hazards
–– Control or eliminate hazardsControl or eliminate hazards
–– Determine appropriate PPE and other safety Determine appropriate PPE and other safety equipment and use itequipment and use it
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--55
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--66
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Temperature stressTemperature stress–– Hydration of rescuerHydration of rescuer
–– Dress of rescuerDress of rescuer
–– Pace of workPace of work
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Prevention of heat stressPrevention of heat stress–– Change conditionsChange conditions
–– Limit exposureLimit exposure
–– VentilateVentilate
–– HydrateHydrate
–– Manage time of PPE useManage time of PPE use
–– Plan pace of workPlan pace of work
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--77
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Prevention of coldPrevention of cold--related injuriesrelated injuries–– Avoid getting wetAvoid getting wet
–– Consider wind chillConsider wind chill
–– Heat the confined spaceHeat the confined space
–– Minimize exposure to coldMinimize exposure to cold
–– Pace the workPace the work
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--88
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--99
Minimize the number of people who are needed to perform the rescue safely.
Protective clothing can increase the potential for heat stress injuries to rescuers.
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for Personnel
Medical monitoringMedical monitoring–– HeatHeat--related injuriesrelated injuries
Consider temperatureConsider temperature——ambient space temperatures ambient space temperatures above 78 degrees can cause heat injuriesabove 78 degrees can cause heat injuriesConsider age, physical condition, type of PPE wornConsider age, physical condition, type of PPE wornMonitor vitals before and after entryMonitor vitals before and after entry
–– ColdCold--related injuriesrelated injuriesConsider temperatureConsider temperature——temperatures as high as 50 temperatures as high as 50 degrees can cause cold injuriesdegrees can cause cold injuriesConsider age, physical condition, type of PPEConsider age, physical condition, type of PPEMonitor vitals before and after entryMonitor vitals before and after entry
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1010
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1111
Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
Respiratory protectionRespiratory protection–– SCBASCBA–– SARSAR
Retrieval equipmentRetrieval equipment–– HarnessHarness–– GlovesGloves–– Foot protectionFoot protection–– Skin protectionSkin protection
Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1212
A supplied air respirator showing the air supply, air hose, escape bottle, and facepiece.
Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1313
This is a Class III harness with “D” rings at the shoulders and center of the back.
Chemical-resistant gloves, firefighter’s gloves, leather utility gloves, and rescue gloves. Each type of glove has a purpose and limitations.
Sharp edges such as those on the weirs shown here require responders to protect themselves from cuts and puncture wounds.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1414
Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
Damage to chemical protective clothingDamage to chemical protective clothing–– PermeationPermeation
–– PenetrationPenetration
–– DegradationDegradation
Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1515
Illustration of permeation.Illustration of penetration.
Illustration of degradation.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1616
NoiseNoise
Effect of noise in a confined spaceEffect of noise in a confined spaceNeed for hearing protectionNeed for hearing protectionImportance of hand signalsImportance of hand signals
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1717
Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises
DemonstrateDemonstratePracticePracticeSign offSign off
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1818
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe how to manage risk and describe how to manage risk and protect personnel during confined protect personnel during confined space rescues. space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--66--11--1919
ReviewReview
Safety Considerations for PersonnelSafety Considerations for PersonnelPersonal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective EquipmentNoiseNoisePractical ExercisesPractical Exercises
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 7Lesson 7--11RescueRescue
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--11
Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the ninedescribe the nine--step process for step process for confined space rescues. confined space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--22
OverviewOverview
Rescue ConsiderationsRescue ConsiderationsEquipmentEquipmentInitial Scene OperationsInitial Scene OperationsAssessing the VictimAssessing the VictimVictim StabilizationVictim StabilizationVictim RemovalVictim Removal
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--33
Chapter 8 Review QuestionsChapter 8 Review Questions
Discuss the review questions found on Discuss the review questions found on pages 125 and 126 of the text.pages 125 and 126 of the text.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--44
Rescue ConsiderationsRescue Considerations
The NineThe Nine--Step ProcessStep Process–– Establish command and take control of Establish command and take control of
scenescene
–– Identify the type of rescue problemIdentify the type of rescue problem
–– Perform a hazard and risk assessmentPerform a hazard and risk assessment
–– Identify rescue objectivesIdentify rescue objectives
–– Identify resources neededIdentify resources needed
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--55
Rescue ConsiderationsRescue Considerations
The NineThe Nine--Step Process Step Process (continued)(continued)
–– Develop an action planDevelop an action plan
–– Implement the action planImplement the action plan
–– Evaluate the effectiveness of the planEvaluate the effectiveness of the plan
–– Terminate the incidentTerminate the incident
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EquipmentEquipment
TripodsTripodsImprovised lifting devicesImprovised lifting devicesRope and hardwareRope and hardwareElectrical equipmentElectrical equipmentCommunications equipmentCommunications equipmentTraining of personnel (use of equipment)Training of personnel (use of equipment)Termination (evaluation of operation)Termination (evaluation of operation)
EquipmentEquipment
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Tripods are among the various pieces of equipment that can be used for confined space rescue.
EquipmentEquipment
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Skills/Procedures 9-2. Managing three retrieval/safety lines for two rescuers and a victim.
1. You have one tripod that accepts three attachments for retrieval/safety lines.
2. One rescuer enters wearing retrieval line 1 and one safety line.
EquipmentEquipment
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Skills/Procedures 9-2. Managing three retrieval/safety lines for two rescuers and a victim (cont’d.).
3. The first rescuer detaches the safety line, which is brought out of the space and attached to the second rescuer along with retrieval line 2. Rescuer 2 then enters the space.
EquipmentEquipment
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--1010Skills/Procedures 9-2. Managing three retrieval/safety lines for two rescuers and a victim (cont’d.).
4. When the victim has been packaged by the rescuers, rescuer 2 is brought out of the space, and retrieval line 2 and the safety line are detached from rescuer 2 and sent back into the space to be attached the victim. Rescuer 1 attaches retrieval line 2 and the safety line to the victim, and the victim is removed from the space. Retrieval line 1 remains attached to rescuer 1 at all times.
EquipmentEquipment
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Using this rope and harness, could you retrieve this rescuer if he became injured or entangled?
A carabiner used to connect a figure 8 descender to a sling.
A Sked™ stretcher placed in a stokes basket.
EquipmentEquipment
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A harness, SAR, PPE, ropes, and other rope equipment being used during confined space rescue training.
A pulley being used to change the direction of pull on the rope by 90 degrees.
EquipmentEquipment
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Equipment for confined space rescue laid out in a staging area to organize and account for the equipment.
A rescuer wearing a supplied air respirator with a radio adapted for use during confined space entry.
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Initial Scene OperationsInitial Scene Operations
Use of nine stepsUse of nine stepsDefensive operationsDefensive operationsOffensive operationsOffensive operations
Initial Scene OperationsInitial Scene Operations
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Victim ConsiderationsVictim Considerations
Assessing the victimAssessing the victimVictim stabilizationVictim stabilizationVictim removalVictim removal
Victim ConsiderationsVictim Considerations
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How rapidly your victim must be removed should be one of the primary considerations in packaging.
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Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe the ninedescribe the nine--step process for step process for confined space rescues.confined space rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--11--1919
ReviewReview
Rescue ConsiderationsRescue ConsiderationsEquipmentEquipmentInitial Scene OperationsInitial Scene OperationsAssessing the VictimAssessing the VictimVictim StabilizationVictim StabilizationVictim RemovalVictim Removal
Rescue TechnicianRescue TechnicianConfined Space RescueConfined Space Rescue
Lesson 7Lesson 7--22Rescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
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Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe and operate equipment describe and operate equipment designed to support confined space designed to support confined space rescues.rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--22--22
OverviewOverview
Types of LoadsTypes of LoadsEquipment StandardsEquipment StandardsHarnessesHarnessesTripods and Other Legged Rescue Tripods and Other Legged Rescue EquipmentEquipmentHoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionHoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionPeople and EquipmentPeople and EquipmentPractical ExercisesPractical Exercises
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Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
Types of LoadsTypes of Loads–– Static loadStatic load–– Impact loadImpact load–– Working loadWorking load–– Axial loadAxial load–– Eccentric loadEccentric load
Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
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Static loads are applied and remain in the Static loads are applied and remain in the same position and locationsame position and location–– Example: forces applied to a harness or life Example: forces applied to a harness or life
safety rope during testingsafety rope during testing
A static load is applied in only one direction and the whole system is at rest.
Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
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An impact load is created when a load that is in motion is applied to the support.
Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
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During impact loading, the load is in motion, and the acceleration increases the effect of the load.
The result of an impact load can be great enough to cause the support to fail.
Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
Working load is the expected load applied Working load is the expected load applied to equipment during useto equipment during use–– Maximum working load is maximum weight Maximum working load is maximum weight
expected to be supported by equipmentexpected to be supported by equipment
Axial load refers to the direction the load Axial load refers to the direction the load is carriedis carriedEccentric loads are off centerEccentric loads are off center
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Types of LoadsTypes of Loads
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An axial load is applied in the same plane as the axis of the support.
Even though a tripod has three legs to carry the load to the ground, there is still an axis for the entire tripod. Each leg also has an axis.
An eccentric load is one that is applied off center. The eccentric load can cause a failure of the support.
Equipment StandardsEquipment Standards
Different standards Different standards carry different legal carry different legal weightweight
–– OSHA and CALOSHA OSHA and CALOSHA are legally adopted are legally adopted standardsstandards
–– NFPA and ANSI are NFPA and ANSI are consensus standardsconsensus standards
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There are a variety of standards that affect how different types of equipment are designed,manufactured, and used.
Equipment StandardsEquipment Standards
OSHA, ANSI, and NFPA OSHA, ANSI, and NFPA –– Do not certify equipment Do not certify equipment –– Typically do not test for complianceTypically do not test for compliance
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This label, on a harness, shows the standards that the harness is designed to meet, the manufacturer, lot number, and model number.
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HarnessesHarnesses
HarnessesHarnesses–– Classes of harnessesClasses of harnesses–– WristletsWristlets–– InspectionInspection
HarnessesHarnesses
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A Class I harness is designed to support a single person. All harnesses should be clearly marked as to their class.
The ladder belt should not be used to support a person while raising or lowering on a rope, cable, or other support.
Class II harnesses are designed to support a two-person load, and they look similar to Class I harnesses.
HarnessesHarnesses
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A Class III harness. This harness not only supports a two-person load, it also protects a wearer from falling out if inverted.
The stitching pattern and number of stitches per inch in a harness are important considerations because they can affect the strength of the harness.
HarnessesHarnesses
Wristlets may be Wristlets may be used when a harness used when a harness cannot cannot –– Safety factor is 3:1 Safety factor is 3:1
To lift a 300 pound To lift a 300 pound load, wristlets must load, wristlets must have a 900 pound have a 900 pound minimum breaking minimum breaking strengthstrength
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Wristlets that can be used to raise or lower a person.
HarnessesHarnesses
Inspection program:Inspection program:–– Must document harness and equipment Must document harness and equipment
historyhistory
–– Should be based on manufacturerShould be based on manufacturer’’s s recommendations for inspection, testing, recommendations for inspection, testing, and maintenanceand maintenance
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Tripods and Other LeggedTripods and Other LeggedRescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
Tripods and Other Legged Rescue Tripods and Other Legged Rescue EquipmentEquipment–– Lifting capacityLifting capacity–– SurfacesSurfaces
Tripods and Other LeggedTripods and Other LeggedRescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
TripodsTripods–– Provide a fixed anchor point for lifting equipmentProvide a fixed anchor point for lifting equipment–– Must use axial loads to keep from tipping or Must use axial loads to keep from tipping or
collapsing the equipmentcollapsing the equipment
Specialized tripodsSpecialized tripods–– Have features such as four leg configurations, Have features such as four leg configurations,
davit arms, bolts, attachment devices, anchorsdavit arms, bolts, attachment devices, anchors
Tripod selectionTripod selection–– Should be based on the situation Should be based on the situation
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Tripods and Other LeggedTripods and Other LeggedRescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
Lifting capacityLifting capacity–– Varies so rescuers must know the capacity of Varies so rescuers must know the capacity of
the tripod being usedthe tripod being used
SurfacesSurfaces–– Sloped surface presents hazardsSloped surface presents hazards–– Anchors and locks for the legs should be Anchors and locks for the legs should be
usedused
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Tripods and Other LeggedTripods and Other LeggedRescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
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The locking device at the head of this tripod keeps the legs rigidly in place.
Chains between the tripod feet keep the legs from spreading as a load is applied.
This transformer retrieval support is specifically designed and built to be bolted to the manway opening. (Photo courtesy of DBI/SALA.)
Tripods and Other LeggedTripods and Other LeggedRescue EquipmentRescue Equipment
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Tripods with adjustable legs may havereduced load carrying capacities because the legs are extended.
The number of retrieval devices that can be attached to a tripod will have an impact on your rescue operations.
Just as a tripod must be loaded axially, so must other devices.
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Hoisting Devices andHoisting Devices andFall ProtectionFall Protection
Hoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionHoisting Devices and Fall Protection–– Retrieval winchesRetrieval winches–– Equipment integrityEquipment integrity–– Ropes and rope equipmentRopes and rope equipment
Hoisting Devices andHoisting Devices andFall ProtectionFall Protection
Retrieval winches:Retrieval winches:–– Are designed for Are designed for
hoistinghoisting
–– May have stainless May have stainless steel or galvanized steel or galvanized steel cables attached steel cables attached to allow use as lifting to allow use as lifting devicesdevices
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This retrieval device has a variety of features that make it valuable for confined space rescue.
Hoisting Devices andHoisting Devices andFall ProtectionFall Protection
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A snap hook for connecting O-rings, D-rings, and other equipment to retrieval equipment.
Match the snap hook to the size of the device to which it is to be connected.
Hoisting Devices and Hoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Rope and rope equipment Rope and rope equipment use is commonuse is common–– Rescuers must have Rescuers must have
capability to perform rope capability to perform rope rescue tasksrescue tasks
–– Rescuers must follow NFPA Rescuers must follow NFPA Standard 1983 for inspection Standard 1983 for inspection maintenance and testingmaintenance and testing
Fire Service Life Safety Rope Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Componentsand System Components
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Maintaining your equipment in a safe manner is essential to the reliability of the equipment. The duct tape shown here is not an acceptable repair.
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People and EquipmentPeople and Equipment
People and EquipmentPeople and Equipment–– Training for equipment useTraining for equipment use
–– Proper use of equipmentProper use of equipment
–– Maintenance of equipmentMaintenance of equipment
–– Damage to equipmentDamage to equipment
–– Skill refreshmentSkill refreshment
People and EquipmentPeople and Equipment
Equipment is useful only if people who Equipment is useful only if people who use it know how to correctlyuse it know how to correctly–– Understand equipment purposeUnderstand equipment purpose
–– Understand design featuresUnderstand design features
–– Understand how to maintain itUnderstand how to maintain it
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Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises
DemonstrateDemonstratePracticePracticeSign offSign off
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Student Performance ObjectiveStudent Performance Objective
Given information from discussion, Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, handouts, and reading materials, describe and operate equipment describe and operate equipment designed to support confined space designed to support confined space rescues.rescues.
RES 202RES 202--PPTPPT--77--22--2929
ReviewReview
Types of LoadsTypes of LoadsEquipment StandardsEquipment StandardsHarnessesHarnessesTripods and Other Legged Rescue Tripods and Other Legged Rescue EquipmentEquipmentHoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionHoisting Devices and Fall ProtectionPeople and EquipmentPeople and EquipmentPractical ExercisesPractical Exercises