Download - respiration biology
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? PROCESS
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Prepared by: K.Y.LOH
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What are the living processes that require
energy?
movement, excretion, growth, response to stimuli,
reproduction.
Main substrate for energy production is GLUCOSE
Glucose is obtain from:
- digestion (human/animals)
- photosynthesis (plants)
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RESPIR TION
EXTERNALRESPIRATIONBreathing)
INTERNALRESPIRATIONCellular Respiration)
AEROBICRESPIRATION
ANAEROBICRESPIRATION
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Gaseous exchange
Involves 2 mechanical processes:- inhalation (O2 cells)
- exhalation (CO2
atmosphere)
BREATHING
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Takes place in most organisms
Requires the presence of oxygen
Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide
+ water + energy (2898kJ)
Catalysed by enzymes
Glucose partially broken down in
cytoplasm
Complete oxidation takes place in
mitocondria
ADP + phosphate + energy ATP
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Takes place in
e.g.
- human/animal muscles
- yeast
breaking downof glucose in the absence
of oxygen to produce
- lactic acid
- ethanol + CO2
OXIDATION incomplete, less energy per
molecules of glucose
+ energy
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Respiration Anaerobic in Human
Muscles
Vigorous exercises
O2
demand > supplyAnaerobic respiration takes place
Glucose lactic acid +energy
(150kJ)2ADP + 2P + energy 2ATP
O2DEBT in muscles (lactic acid)
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Lungs
- Deep & rapid breathing to REPAY OXYGEN
DEBT Liver (lactic acid is transported from muscle)
- 1/6 lactic acid oxidisedto produce energy
- energy convert 5/6 lactic acid back toglucose
Muscles
- Glucose returns
- excess glucose glycogen (liver)
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Oxygen consumption during exercise
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Respiration Anaerobic in Yeast
Yeast - Aerobic / Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
FERMENTATIONGlucose ethanol + CO2 + energy
zymase (210kJ)
Ethanol- alcholic drinks
- CO2 - fluffy texture of bread
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Comparison between
Aerobic Respiration & AnaerobicRespiration
Similarities
Differences
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Both are cellular respiration
Glucose as source of energy
Energy store in ATP molecules
Occur in plants and animals
Catalysed by enzymes
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Carried out by
Use of oxygen
Oxidation of glucose
Product of respiration
Amount of energy
released
Number of ATP for each
molecules of glucose
produced
Location of reaction
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Almost all living things Carried out by Some plants, animals
cells, yeast & bacteria
Oxygen is used Use of oxygen Oxygen is not used
Complete Oxidation of glucose Incomplete
Carbon dioxide, water &energy
Product of respiration Ethanol, carbon dioxide& energy (yeast) or
lactic acid & energy
(muscles)
Large amount (2898kJ) Amount of energy
released
Small amount (muscle
150 kJ, yeast
210 kJ)38 molecules of ATP Number of ATP for each
molecules of glucose
produced
2 molecules of ATP
Cytoplasm &
mitochondria
Location of reaction Cytoplasm
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GROUP WORK1& 2: Make a flow chart from what you have
learnt
3: Explain the graph of oxygen
consumption during exercise
4,5,6: Plan an experiment based on the figure
below
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Group 4: The format of the report
Group 5: Aim
Problem statement
Hypothesis
VariablesMaterials
Apparatus
Group 6: Procedure
Results
Conclusion
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