Download - Results questionnaire e-conveyancing Presentation by mr. Ruben Roes Deputy chief registrar
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Results questionnaire e-conveyancing
Presentation by mr. Ruben RoesDeputy chief registrar
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• Survey
Goal survey: investigate experiences, regulation and technique regarding e-conveyancing in different European countries
• Working group on e-conveyancing- Members from 9 different countries- Investigate possibilities of using e-conveyancing to make trans-border transactions more easier
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Survey
• Results of 13 countries:
Germania, Latvia, Estonia, Scotland, Belgium, Lithuania,Spain, Luxembourg, England & Wales, Ireland, Finland, France, Netherlands
Complete results available – ELRA secretariat
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Survey
5 main topics:
• Legal possibilities and use ofe- conveyancing
• Electronic signatures• Electronic transmission of data• Use (partially) of standard texts• Trans-border (European)
e-conveyancing
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Topic 1: Legal possibilities and use ofe- conveyancing
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EU guidelines for the implementation by Directive 1999 / 93 / EG
Has e-conveyancing been enacted by national law and has it been applied yet?
Directive enacted: 100%
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Percentage Use of E-conveyancing; transfer, mortgage and cancellation
0
25
50
75
100
Franc
e
Finlan
d
Irelan
d
Englan
d & W
ales
Spain
Luxe
mbo
urg
Nethe
rland
s
Lithu
ania
Belgium
Scotla
nd
Estonia
Latvi
a
German
y
Countries
Per
cen
tag
estransfer (%)
mortgage (%)
cancellation (%)
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What do you send to the registrar
According to national law: what is obligatory to send to the registrar:
• Original or duplicate?
Original 62%
Duplicate38%
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Do you use E-Conveyancing?
• What are the reasons to start with e–conveyancing and not to start with e-
conceyancing?
Reasons to start with E-Conveyancing
0%20%40%60%80%
100%
redu
ctio
n of
cost
s
impr
ovem
ent
of le
gal
certa
inty
redu
ctio
n of
erro
rs
stan
dard
izat
ion
of te
xts
othe
r rea
sons
Yes 77%No 23%
Reasons not to use with E-Conveyancing
0%10%20%30%40%50%
Incr
ease
of c
osts
wor
seni
ng
of le
gal
certa
inty
stan
dard
iza
tion
ofte
xts
othe
rre
ason
s
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Conclusions legal possibilities and use of e-conveyancing :
• Almost all participants of the survey have implemented the Directive.
• Differences in the way it has been applied yet
• Most of the participants want to use e-conveyancing because of:- Cost reduction- Improving legal certainty- Less mistakes
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Topic 2: Electronic signatures
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Electronic signature
• An advanced digital signature has the same conclusive force as a written signature, due to Directive 1999/93/EG
• Do all residents in your country have a digital signature?
Yes15%
No85%
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Need of signatures
• Are signatures of all parties that are involved in the transaction necessary, or is the signature of a sollicitor or a trusted third party such as a notary sufficient?
1 signature62%
all parties38%
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• Does the fact that only one signature is needed falicitate the use of electronic conveyancing?
• Countries with one-signature-system are marked with **.• Countries where the signatures of all parties are needed
are not marked.
Percentage Use of E-conveyancing; transfer, mortgage and cancellation
0
25
50
75
100
Franc
e
Finlan
d **
Irelan
d
Englan
d & W
ales
Spain
**
Luxe
mbo
urg
Nethe
rland
s **
Lithu
ania
**
Belgium
**
Scotla
nd **
Estonia
**
Latvi
a **
German
y
Countries
Pe
rce
nta
ge
s transfer(%)mortgage(%)cancellation (%)
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Use of PKI system
Does your country use an open or closed PKI system?
Open PKI38%
Closed PKI54%
Answer not available
8%
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Open or closed PKI
• Open PKI countries- All have 1-5 CA’s, except Spain (6-10)
- CA is allways checked by public authority
• Closed PKI countries- Results don’t give clear view of how the identity of the applicant of a certificate is checked. It appears that many different methods are used (such as face-to-face control, or validation by other organizations)
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Validation systems
• Most countries have a validation system to check if certificates have become available to people that are not competent (anymore)
• Validation systems are different
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Use of Validation system
CRL; 23%
OSCI & EGVP; 8%
Non-users; 31%
LDAP; 15%
LDAP+OCSP+CRL; 23%
LDAP
LDAP+OCSP+CRL
CRL
OSCI & EGVP
Non-users
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Topic 2 (electronic signatures) conclusions:
• In all countries an advanced digital signature is necessary
• Differences in number of signatures that are needed
• E-conveyancing more facilitated by one-signature-system: countries with use > 25% e-conveyancing for transfer / mortgage all have a one-signature-system
• Differences in having closed or open pki system.
• Survey doesn’t give a clear view of how identity of applicants are checked in closed PKI systems
• Different validation systems for control of competency applicants
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Topic 3: Electronic transmission of data
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• Reliability transmission of data
• Is your country (going to) use webservices for e-conveyancing ore-mail?
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Webservices (used for e-conveyancing)
FinlandSpainScotlandEstoniaLatvia
In the future:
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Belgium
Germany Ireland
FranceEngland & WalesNetherlands
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Topic 4: Use of standard texts
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Only a small proportion of texts in recorded documents give reason to change the registration. This proportion often contains the same standard texts. The amount of reading work can be reduced and production norms can be significantly improved by the (partial) use of standard texts.
Do you see possibilities to use (partially) standard texts for deeds of transfer or mortgage deeds in your country?
Mortgage deeds
Yes62%
No23%
No answer
15%
Transfer deeds
Yes46%
No39%
No answer
15%
Standardization
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Topic 5: Trans border (European) e-conveyancing
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Trans-border (European) e-conveyancing
In the case of cross-border transactions e-conveyancing is possibly hampered by the fact that a registrar in the country of the plot of land concerned is not allowed to accept foreign deeds.
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Is recording of foreign deeds allowed?
YesNo64%
36%
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Working group conclusions
• No complete standardization of deeds
• Must be free to edit deed, no restrictions
• Possibility that one part of the deed is standard text and the other part differs and is dependent of the legal system of registering country.
• Start with a first investigation of the use of partial standard text for cross border transactions, f.e. ELRA stylesheet
• Use only voluntary
• Starting to investigate the possibility for transferring ownership or mortgage
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Working group road map
Next year, working group will examine:
• Conditions regarding validation, signatures, software and regulation
• Possibility to create framework for a stylesheet
Focus on ownership or mortgage
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Thank you for joining the presentation