Download - Retrospective Assessment – US Civic Tech · 2019-04-25 · Retrospective Assessment –US Civic Tech June 2018 Please Note: This is a modification of Dalberg’s report, which was

RetrospectiveAssessment– USCivicTech

June2018

PleaseNote:ThisisamodificationofDalberg’sreport,whichwascreatedandintendedforOmidyarNetwork’sGovernance&CitizenEngagementinitiative’sinternaluse.Severalsectionsandslideshavebeenremovedforbrevityandconfidentiality.Therefore,somecontentaboutparticularorganizationsandstrategiesisnotincludedinthisdeck

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Civictech– summaryoffindings

Evolutionandimpact

RoleofGCE

Lessonslearned

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Civictechhasevolvedthroughdistinctphases:earlyexuberance,rapidgrowth—andmorerecently—reevaluation

Inception(Pre-2008)

Disseminationanddemonstration(2008-2016)

Reevaluation(2017-2018)

2004 2018

CiviccausesmixwithWeb2.01 tocatalyzecivictech

ObamaelectionandleadershipcatalyzegreaterinterestincivictechincludinginSiliconValley

Electionintensifiesconcernsabouttech

Criticaldevelop

ments

2004– PersonalDemocracyForum(PDF)exploresintersectionofgovernmentandtechnology

2006– SunlightFoundationfoundedtoimprovegovaccountability

2008– FirstAppsforDemocracycontest;firstconceptofChiefInnovationOfficer(CIO);Obamaelectionwithsocialmediasuccess

2009– OpenGovernmentInitiativestarts;firstUSChiefTechnologyOfficer(CTO)named;TimO’ReillybeginsevangelizingGov2.0;CodeforAmericafounded

2010– BostonlaunchesOfficeofNewUrbanMechanics

2012– ObamalaunchesPresidentialInnovationFellows;BloombergfundsfirstinnovationteamsandMayor’sChallenge;CIOsnamedinMD,MA,Louisville,SF,NYC

2013 – Healthcare.govbotchedrollout;SunlightFoundationidentifies$1.3trillionmissingfromfederalfundingwebsite;GovtechFundlaunched

2014– Andreeseen HorowitzinvestsinOpenGov

2015– Change.orgreaches100millionusers;Nextdoorbecomesunicorn;GooglesetsupSidewalkLabs

2017–2016electiondrawsattentiontonegativepotentialforcivichacking,withsomecivictechtalentleavingfederalgovernment;SidewalkLabssecuresTorontosite

2018– CambridgeAnalyticaleakdrawsfurtherattentiontonegativepotentialofcivichacking

Notes:1.Websiteswithuser-generatedcontent,usability,andinteroperability.Sources:Dalbergcivictechsurvey,2018;Stakeholderinterviews,2018;Dalbergnewsanalysis,2018

Evolution RoleofGCE Lessons

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Psychosocial,technological,andmarket-baseddriversdefinedinitialexpectationsforthefield…

Championenthusiasm:Thebeliefintechnologyasamechanismforcivicchangegalvanizedcivictechbutalsoraisedexpectationstounrealisticlevels.

Focusoncommercialsuccess:Awaveofstartupsexperimentedwithdifferentbusinessmodels,andtheirexpectationsforreturnsshapedVCinterest.

Pushforlocalsolutions:Championsandfollowersdesiredtoaddresslocalproblemsandviewedcitiesasincubatorswherechangewaseasierthanatotherlevels.

Technologychange:Riseoflow-costcloudinfrastructure,theopensourcecommunity,andsoftwareasaservice(SaaS)reducedbarrierstoentry.

…andpoliticaldriversproducedtailwindsandlaterheadwinds

Growingcivicexpectations:Individualsexpectingmorefromgovernment,questioningprivacy&securitycosts,andexertingpressuretoimprovedemocracyandservices.

Federalpoliticalclimate:Federalleadershipchanneledpoliticalwill,energy,andpublicvisibility towardscivictechunderObama—whichdecreasedunderTrump.

Politicizationofmovement:Trump-eraanxietyhassplitthemovement betweenadvocatesofnon-partisanship,andthosefocusedonthepoliticalprocess.


Sources:Stakeholderinterviews,2018;Dalbergcivictechsurvey,2018

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Supply:200+for-profitandnon-profitcivictechsolutionprovidershavebeencreated.Thewaveofnewstartupsstartedtoplateau2013-2015.Manycompaniesfacefinancingconstraintsanddifficultiesinrealizingexits.1

Themarket grewinwaves,withsteepergrowthstartingin2008

Supplyofcivictechsolutions2#ofcompaniesandNGOslistedonCrunchbase,bystartyear,2007-2015

0

10

20

30

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

SpendingonITbydifferentgovernmentlevels4USDbillions,2011-2019

0B

50B

100B

20152011 2012 2013 2014 2018P2016 2017 2019P

FederalLocal

State

Demand:Demandexists,buthasbeendifficulttoaccess.GovernmentITspendinghasremainedstablewithhighbarrierstoentry(e.g.,procurement,staffskills).C2C3 demandhasbeendifficulttomonetize.

Nextdoorfounded

Change.orgfounded

Notes:1.BNPParibas,“CanCivicTechSaveDemocracy?”2017.2.Crunchbasesampleof178companiesselectedinEnginesofChangeresearch,accessedApril2018.Somecompanieswerefoundedbefore2007andarenotshownonthisgraph.Companiesestablishedin2016-2017arenotshownonthisgraphgivenmethodologydifferedslightlybetweenEnginesofChangeanalysisandfollow-upworkpost-2015.3.C2C:CitizentoCitizen.4.ITDashboard.gov,“ITSpendingFY2011-2019,”accessedMay2018;Govtech.com,“2018GovTech100:RaisingtheProfile,”2018.5.Garter,“MarketInsight:StateandLocalGovernmentITMarketPrimer,UnitedStates,2015.”Sources:Stakeholderinterviews,2018

“Thebusinessmodelsarereallyhard.Monetizingdataishard.Sellingtogovernmentishard.We’restillfiguringitout.”– Funder

CodeforAmericaaccelerator

Despiteoveralltrend,somedatasuggestslocalgovspendoninnovationisincreasing5


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Afundingecosystem emergedin~2010—buthasyettoreachscale

Philanthropiessupportecosystemby financingfor-profitandnon-profitsolutions,conveningactors,etc.

Profilesofkeyfunders2

Funder GCE(nowLuminate) Knight ReidHoffman

Totalinvested ~$76million $25-50million >$250million $5-10million $35+million

Mainfocus Civictech Civictech Govinnovation,cities

Civicengagement,democracy

Change.org,CfA,politicaltech

Timeline 2006-Present 2010-2017 2012-Present 2010-Present ~2014-Present

0M

200M

400M

600M

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

80B

0B

40B20B

60B

VCfundingforUScivictech(leftaxis)vsVCfunding(rightaxis)1USDmillions(left)andUSDbillions(right),2010-2015

Accela,Nextdoor

Notes:1.BNPParibas,“CanCivicTechSaveDemocracy?”2017;ONandPurpose,“EnginesofChange,”2016.WehaveincludedcivictechfundingestimatesfromBNPParibasandON/Purposetoshowdatafrom2011to2017.Thevaluesfor2013-2015differslightlybecauseBNPParibaslookedatadifferentsetofcompanies:approximately100ofthebiggeststartupsinthecivicengagementecosysteminNorthAmerica.TheEnginesofChangereportlookedatnearly200civictechcompanies.Theoverarchingtrendsaresimilar.ThisgraphshowsanaverageoftheBNPParibasandON/Purposeestimatesfor2013-2016.2.Funderwebsites.Amountsareapproximateasmanyfundersdonotcategorizespendingas“civictech.”Sources:Stakeholderinterviews,2018;Dalbergcivictechsurvey,2018

TotalVC Civictech

Civictechgets<1%ofVCfunding


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Civictechhasdemonstrateditsabilitytocreatepositiveimpactforpeopleasamarket andamovement

Notes:1.Wherepossible,wehaveusedtheword“individuals”ratherthan“citizens”tocapturemoreUSresidents.However,wehaveused“citizen”whereuseofthistermwasexplicit(e.g.,whenrecappingpreviousGCEstrategies,definitions,language).

Market Movement

Supplyofsolutionsbyproviders

Ecosystemwithconvenors,finance

“Grassroots”engagement

fromindividuals1

Demandforsolutions

fromusers/clients

Championingbythoughtleaders,practitioners

Policiesfromregulators

Impactforpeople

3.8millionissues reportedbyoveronemillionregistered

usersinQ42017

Victoriesincludepassinga BillofRightsforsexualassaultsurvivorsintofederallaw,

passingadisabilityrightsbill,andextendinghealthcareforSep11firstrespondents

“DefendDreamers”campaignledto5,825phonecallstoCongress,530Dreamers/DACARecipientsstoriesshared,and170voterregistrationsEx

amples


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Evolutionandimpact

RoleofGCE

Lessonslearned

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From2014– 2018,GCE’scivictechactivitiesevolvedinthreephases

CT withingovtransparency1(Pre-2014)

Civictech(2014-2016)

Civictech(2017-2018)

• Fairandopensocietiesempowercitizens• Moreeffectivegovernmentsdeliverbetterservicesthatimprovelives

• Civictechcanenhanceservicedeliveryandincreasepeople’sparticipationingovernment

• Civictechhelpsgovernment deliverthebestpossibleservicestothosewhoneedthem—andcitizens engageandparticipateindecision-makingtodriveresponsive,accountablegovernments

• Investincivictechplatforms(e.g.,SeeClickFix)• Fundcapacity-buildingorganizationstostrengthentheecosystem(e.g.,CfA)• Supportnetworks,nodes,andcollaborationtoincreasethesupplyofcivictechinnovations(e.g.,CivicHall)• Support researchandlearning

• Investinearly-stageinnovationstoprovesustainablecivictechsolutionmodels• Buildthecivictechecosystembysupportingkeyorganizationsandthecommunity(e.g.,CfA)• Promotefavourableregulationsthroughinfluenceactivities• Promoteuseofcivictechthroughinfluenceactivities&investees

• Supportindividualactors(e.g.,SunlightFoundation,CodeforAmerica)andpromotecollaborationbetweenthem

ApproachesGoals/Hypotheses

Ecosystembuilding

Solutiondevelopment(Govtech,Citizen-to-

Government,Citizen-to-Citizen)

Governmentuseandsupport

Citizenuseandengagement

Phases

GCEIMPACTOBJECTIVES:


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Againsttheseobjectives,GCEinvested~$76millionintheU.S.

Notes:1.DataaccurateasofDecember2017.Sources:GCEdata,2018;ConsultationswithGCEteam.Seereferencesectionforfulllistofinvesteesduringthistimeperiod.

GCEUScivictechinvestmentsUSDmillions,2006-2017(n=21)1

NON-INVESTMENT ACTIVITIESINVESTMENT ACTIVITIES

• Creatingresearch andthoughtleadership(e.g.“EnginesofChange”)

• Supportingandhostingconvenings(e.g.PDF,BuildingtheBusinessofCivicTech)andbringingtogethergranteestonetwork

• Providingcapacity buildingforGCEgranteesviagovernance,executivecoaching,andstrategicadvice

• Tryingtobringinotherfundersandtointroducegranteestootherfunders

• PlayingaleadingroleinthefieldviaBoardrepresentation

Evolution RoleofGCE

Note:investmentdatacurrentthroughDecember2017

Lessons

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

For-profittechsolutions

Non-profittechsolutions

Ecosystem

$8.5

$41.3

$26.2

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We’vecelebratedpositiveprogressandcontinuetolookforwaystoovercomeobstaclestofurtherimpact

1.GCEdataanddocuments,2018.2.Thecurrentinterpretationof“policy”inthecivictechaccountabilitymatrixcapturesproofpointsrelatedtobroadergovernmentadministration—ratherthanastrictdefinition(e.g.,legislation).3.KateKrontiris,“TheStateofImpactinCivicTech,”2015.

Dire

ctim

pact

Ecosystem

Policy

KeyResults Strengths Challenges

Evolution RoleofGCE

• SeeClickFix hasreachedoveronemillionusers1

• DoSomething.org nowhasalmost6milliontotalmembers(Dec.2017)1

• InSanDiego,UniteUsreducedtimetohouseclientsfromtwoweeksto1.5days1

• Takingrisksonneworganizationsandprovidingcriticalearly-stagefunding(e.g.UrbanInnovationFund)

• GCEfundingservesasavoteofconfidence,signalingthatacompanyiscredible/viable,whichcanencourageadditionalfunding

• Definitionsofendimpactincivictechvarybysolutionandhavebeendifficulttocapture3

• Manyfor-profitcivictechcompanieshavesustainabilitychallenges

• SeveralindividualsthinkGCEcoulddomoretobringinadditionalinvestors

• AbouthalfofCfA fellowshaveworkedingovernmentand/orcivictechcompanies afterfellowships

• CivicHallmembershiphasgrownsince2015to481individualand156organizationalmemberships(Dec.2017)1

• Aholisticapproachhashelpedbuildtheecosystemofanewfield—includingresearch,collaboration,andfieldleaders

• CodeforAmericastandsoutasparticularlycatalyticgivenitsrolesacrossmanyaspectsoftheecosystem

• Intervieweeshavenotedchallengesincrowdinginadditionalfunders—resultinginfewmajorfundersforcivictechtoday

• Resilienceoffield-buildinginvesteesvaried– e.g.,CfA vs.Sunlight

• GCEhasprimarilyhadindirectimpactonpolicylevel2

• CfA founder,JenPahlka,alsoservedastheUSDeputyCTOwhereshehelpedfoundtheUSDS

• GCEseededtalent,especiallyviaformerCfA andFUSEfellows,thatbroughtcivictechideasintoUSfederal,state,andlocalgovernments

• GCEchosenottoputmoreconcentratedsupportbehindcertainpolicyissues(e.g.,procurement),whichcontinuestobeachallenge

Lessons

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Evolutionandimpact

RoleofGCE

Lessonslearned

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Thepastdecadehasunderscoredlearningsabouthowtoframe,discuss,fund,andsupportthecivictechfield

Learnings Implications

Evolution RoleofGCE

1. Civictechismosteffectivewhenunderstoodasameanstoanend

Mobilizecivictecheffortsaroundpriorityissues

2. Civictechalmostalwaysinteractswithpoliticalagendas,eveniftechnologists’aimsareapolitical

Takeastand onmajorissuesandbuildbipartisancoalitions,wherepossible

3. BusinessmodelshavenotmetSiliconValleyexpectations;moreinnovationinfundingmodelsisrequired

Re-explorepossiblebusinessandfundingsolutionsforcivictech—andconsiderfundingmodelsfromothermission-drivensectors

4. Bigtechiscrowdingoutcivictech– bothasplacesforpoliticaldiscussionandasgovtechcontractors(e.g.,Facebook,Reddit,Oracle)

Pushbigtechtowardscivicoutcomesandsupportpolicyadvocacythatresiststechconsolidation

5. Buildingresilientorganizationsrequiresaclearexitstrategyandholisticeffortstosupportgrowth

Define“endgame”and“exitstrategy,”buildleadershipteams,andadvisegranteesonhowtostayrelevantinchangingfield

6. Crowdinginfundersisimportant—anddifficulttodo

Explorenewstrategiestocrowdinfunding,includingbringinginfundersofadjacentareas(e.g.,smartcities,democracy)

Lessons

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Civictechisapoliticalmeanstoanend

Lessonlearned

Civictechitselfisa“tool”butnotanendinitself

• Civictechhascapturedenergy,anditcancontinuetodoso.Individualexpectations—basedonprivatesectorexperience—andpressuresfacedbygovernmentswilllikelycontinueandembednormsacrossthenation.Forexample,basedononesample,34%ofcitieshavededicatedstaffforinnovationand49%havestaffdedicatedtodata.1

• Yetcivictechisameans,notanend. Unlockingcivictech’sfullpotentialrequiresdefiningaclearproblemanddeployingcivictechasonesolutionwithinamuchlargerefforttorealizeexpectationsforimprovedgovernmentandciviclife.Thisframingcanenergizechampionsandlinktoothernon-techtools/approaches(e.g.,broaderorganizingmovements).

Civictechispolitical

• Civictechissuesareinherentlypolitical.Forexample,over70positionsinPCASTandOSTPwereleftvacantin2017afterTrumphiringfreeze.2 Servicedeliveryimprovementispoliticalwhentheexistenceandnatureofservicesthemselvesispolitical(e.g.,foodstamps).

• Growingpoliticizationaffectstalentmotivation,activistenergy,andpolicysuccess.Forexample,recentbipartisanbillHR4174forevidence-basedpolicymakingstalledduetodataprivacyconcernsstirredupbypoliticalscandalsinvolvingthe2016election.3

Notes:1.BloombergAmericanCitiesInitiative,“2018AmericanMayorsSurvey,”2018.2.Science,“Trump’sWhiteHousescience officestillsmallandwaitingforleadership,”2017;CBSNews,“DonaldTrump’sscienceofficeisaghosttown,”2017;Motherboard,“TheseAretheScienceandTechnologyPolicyJobsTrumpStillHasn'tFilled,”2017;Recode,“AkeyWhiteHousesciencecouncilisstillvacant— buttheTrumpadministrationdoesn’tplantokillit,”2017.3.Congress.gov,“H.R.4174,”accessedMay3,2018.Sources:Stakeholderinterviews,2018;Acronyms:PCAST– President'sCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology;OSTP– OfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicy

“[GCEshould]expand[the]definitionofcivictech,andfocusonhowitcanbeanenablerratherthanagoalin&ofitself”– Surveyrespondent


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ManybusinessmodelshavenotmetSiliconValleyexpectations

Notes:1.Dalbergcivictechsurvey,2018.2.CBInsights,“TrendsinGovtech/SmartCities,”2018.3.GovernmentTechnology,“$23MillionGovtechFundOpensforBusiness,”2014.Sources:Dalbergcivictechsurvey,2018;CBInsights,“TrendsinGovtech/SmartCities,”2018;Stakeholderinterviews,2018

Lessonlearned

VCfundingmodelshavenotbeenagoodfitformanyinthefield(1/2)

• DespiteexpectationsofSiliconValley-likebusinessopportunities forcivictech, ten yearsofexperimentationhaveshownmanycompaniesarenotreadyforventure-capitalbasedmodels.

• Onlyoneinfivesurveyrespondentsreportedprofitabilityandnearly50%ofrespondentsagreedthatfundingisinsufficient.1

• Onlyonecivictechcompany(Nextdoor)hasreachedunicornstatus.

• However,Govtechandurbantechhaveattractedmorecommercialinterest(e.g.,GovTechFund,GeneralCatalyst,8VC),indicatingthatcompaniesfocusedongov’tservicedeliverymayhavemoreVCpotentialthancivictechcompaniesfocusedonengagingindividuals.

• Manycivictechsolutionproviders– especiallynon-profits– cancoveraportionoftheirexpenses,butnotall.

• Thetrackrecordofcivictechbusinessmodels,todate,suggestsinnovationaroundfundingmodels—includinggreateraccesstocapitalonthespectrumbetweengrantsandmarket-rateinvestment—willbecriticalgoingforward

“This[Govtech]isa$450billionglobalmarket,andthereisadecades-longinnovationcyclethatneedstohappen– notjustintheUS,butglobally.”– RonBouganim,founderofGovTech fund3


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SourcesandReferences

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• Interviews:Dalbergconducted~25 semi-structuredinterviewswithGCEgrantees,governmentofficials,funders,andothercivictechexperts.Theinterviewsfocusedonallfourofthelearningquestions.

• Quantitativeanalysis: DalberganalyzedquantitativedatafromTwitter,Crunchbase,GitHub,andGoogleTrendstounderstandtheevolutionofcivictechandprogresstodate.

• Survey: Dalbergdeployedasurveytoarangeofcivictechexperts—andsecured52responsesfromfor-profitandnon-profitcompanies,severallevelsofgovernment,funders,andotherfield-buildingorganizations.

• Literaturereview: Dalbergconsultedinternalandexternalsources—includingacademicstudies,newsarticles,andwebpages—tosynthesizeawiderangeofperspectivesandinsights.

Civictech:Methodologyandobjectives

• Thisstudyfocusedonfourlearningquestions:— Howandwhydidthecivictechfieldevolve

intheUSoverthepastdecade?Whereisthefieldtoday?

— WhatrolehasGCEplayedinthefield?HowhasGCEcontributedtoecosystem,policy,andsocialimpact?

— WhatdidGCElearnaboutitsapproachtoinvestmentandinfluence?

— Whatarekeyopportunitiesforthefieldgoingforward?WhatareinsightsforGCE’sfuturestrategiesineachfield?

• Thisstudydidnotaimto:— EvaluateallGCEcivictechgrants— Provideacomprehensivemappingofallthe

sub-sectors,cities/states,andactorsworkingoncivictechintheUS

— Compileandanalyzeallcriticaldevelopmentsinthefield

Methodology Objectives

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• AWSNewsBlog,“WhatCanISay?AnotherAmazonS3PriceReduction!,”2010• AWSNewsBlog,“AWSPriceReduction#42– EC2,S3,RDS,ElastiCache,andElasticMapReduce,”2014• BloombergAmericanCitiesInitiative,“2018AmericanMayorsSurvey,”2018• BNPParibas,“CanCivicTechSaveDemocracy?” 2017• BrookingsFoundation,“Thefutureofcivictechnology,” 2015• CBInsights,“TrendsinGovtech /SmartCities,” 2018• CBSNews,“DonaldTrump’sscienceofficeisaghosttown,” 2017• CivicInnovations,“Thefutureofcivictech,”2016• CodeforAmerica,“TheCIOProblem,Part1,” 2016• CodeforAmerica,“TheCIOProblem,Part2:Innovation,”2016• Congress.gov,“H.R.4174,” accessedMay3,2018• DoSomething.orgwebsite,2018• Gallup,“TrustinGovernment,”2017• Garter,“MarketInsight:StateandLocalGovernmentITMarketPrimer,UnitedStates,” 2015• Governing.com,“AgeDemographicsforIndustryWorkforces,” 2012• Govtech.com,“2018GovTech100:RaisingtheProfile,” 2018• ITDashboard.gov,“ITSpendingFY2011-2019,” accessedMay2018• JournalofDesignandScienceMITMediaLab, “DeathStarThinkingandGovernmentReform,”2018• KateKrontiris,“TheStateofImpactinCivicTech,” 2015• KnightFoundation,“AssessingCivicTech:CaseStudiesandResourcesforTrackingOutcomes,”2015• KnightFoundation,“ScalingCivicTech:PathstoaSustainableFuture,” 2017

Civictech– Externalreferences(1/2)

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• KnightFoundation,“TheEmergenceofCivicTech:InvestmentsinaCrowdedField,” 2013• McKinsey,“Improvingthecustomerexperiencetoachievegovernment-agencygoals,” 2017• MetroLab Networkwebsite,2018• Microsoft,“Towardsataxonomyofcivictechnology,” 2016• MITTechnologyReview,“FuturePerfect10,”2018• Motherboard,“TheseAretheScienceandTechnologyPolicyJobsTrumpStillHasn'tFilled,”2017• NewMediaVentures,“MakingMoneyforImpact,” 2016• NewCo Shift,“UncertainFutureforCivicTech,” 2016• ONandPurpose,“EnginesofChange:WhatCivicTechcanlearnfromsocialmovements,”2016• PewResearchCenter,“PoliticalPolarization,1994-2017,” 2017• Recode,“AkeyWhiteHousesciencecouncilisstillvacant— buttheTrumpadministrationdoesn’tplanto

killit,”2017• Science,“Trump’sWhiteHousescienceofficestillsmallandwaitingforleadership,”2017• SmartCitiesDive,“RiseoftheChiefDataOfficer:Citieslearntocrunchthenumbers,”2018• StanfordSocialInnovationReview,“MarginalizedReturns,” 2017• StanfordSocialInnovationReview,“SocialEnterpriseIsNotSocialChange,”2018• TechRepublic,“CivicTechin2015:$6.4billiontoconnectcitizenstoservices,andtooneanother,”2015• TechCrunch,“Impact,InvestmentAndDemand:ThreePillarsForCivicTechSuccess,” 2016• USCensuswebsite,2018• WhatWorksCities website,2018• WorldBank,“CivictechnologyintheglobalSouth:assessingtechnologyforthepublicgood,” 2017

Civictech– Externalreferences(2/2)

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Civictech:Investeeorganizations(2006– 2017)

Change.org,NationBuilder,andDoSomething.org werefirstinvestedinbytheEmergingTechinitiativeatON.Change.org andNationBuilder weremovedtoGCEbecauseofinternalre-organization;GCEdidafollow-oninvestmentinDoSomething.org topromotecivicengagement.

• BerkmanCenterforInternetandSociety• Change.org• Citymart• CivicHall• CodeforAmerica(CfA)• DoSomething.org• Elucd• EqualityLabs• FuseCorps• NationBuilder• NewAmericaFoundation(NAF)• NewMediaVenturesInnovationFund• NextRequest• Purpose• SeeClickFix• SunlightFoundation• Tumml• UniteUS• UrbanInnovationFund• VoteRunLead• Zenysis

Download - Retrospective Assessment – US Civic Tech · 2019-04-25 · Retrospective Assessment –US Civic Tech June 2018 Please Note: This is a modification of Dalberg’s report, which was

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