Root Cause Analysis
MTN BOCES
Copy of this presentation is at http://dpsspedscreeners.wikispaces.com/
Murder Myster
y!
A sailor goes into a restaurant. His hands are tanned except for
where a watch and wedding ring once
belonged. He orders albatross, eats one bite which reminds him of something. He goes
outside and kills himself.
Murder Myster
y!
Bob and Carol and Ted and Alice all live in the same house. Bob and
Carol go out to a movie, and when they return,
Alice is lying dead on the floor in a puddle of water
and glass. She has multiple lacerations all
over her body. It is obvious that Ted killed her but Ted is not prosecuted
or severely punished.
Objectives Participants will be able to orally interpret a
body of evidence to determine the root cause of academic deficit in the area of reading using academic vocabulary and
create a treatment plan for intervention.
SLD Definition Definition: Specific Learning Disability means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell or do mathematical calculations, including conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia.
What is a psychologicalProcessor?
● Background Knowledge● Vocabulary Knowledge● Language Structures● Verbal Reasoning● Literacy Knowledge
● Phonological Awareness● Decoding (and Spelling)● Sight Recognition
SKILLED READING: fluent execution and coordination of word recognition and text comprehension.
LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
WORD RECOGNITION
increasingly
automatic
increasingly
strategic
Reading is a multifaceted skill, gradually acquired over years of instruction and practice.
Reading: Scarborough's Rope
Analysis of the Data
Root Cause
Fluency/naming speed and language comprehension
Phonology and fluency/naming speed
Phonology and language comprehension
All three issues
Subtypes of Reading Concerns
Fishbone diagram is used when….
… a team needs to study a problem/issue to determine the root cause.
… a team wants to study all the possible reasons why a process is beginning to have difficulties, problems, or breakdowns.
… a team needs to identify areas for data collection.
… a team wants to study why a process is not performing properly or producing the designed results.
1) Draw the fishbone diagram
2) List the problem in the head of the fish
3) Label each bone with categories to be studied
4) Identify the factors within each category that maybe affecting the problem
5) Continue until you no longer get useful information
6) Analyze the results
Deep Look at Root Cause
Examples of Assessment Tools to hypothesize processing disorder
Case Study Angie
Case Study
6th Grade at a K-8 School Developed a reading problem
SRI- 498 or 2nd grade levelCSAP Reading of Unsatisfactory
SIT Read Naturally for 2 days a weekGuided Reading Plus for 3 days a week
Progress Monitoring Oral Reading Fluency – no progress after 6
weeks.
SPED GORT- showed she is at the 21%ile
Program Manager Called the program manager and not sure
what to doReview indicated a very poor BOEA BOE was developed
Phonological Awareness (Blevins, Rosner and Words their Way)
Alphabetic Principle (Core Phonics, Words their Way, LETRS Morphological Awareness)
Vocabulary and Comprehension (DRA/SRI and Critchlaw) Fluency (ORF, Fry and RAN)
Rhyme:Oddity Task:Oral Blending:Oral Segmentation:PhonemicManipulation:
Short vowels:Consonant Blends with short vowels:Short vowels, digraphs, and trigraph:R-Controlled vowels:Long vowels spellings: Variant Vowels:Low frequency vowel and consonant spellings Multisyllabic words:
Morphology:
# of Orthographic errors on spelling:
Site Words: Sight Words are spelled correctly
ORF Rate:
ORF Accuracy:
# of phoneme errors on spelling test:
Color naming RAN:
Reading Level: SRI 498 GORT: 21%ile CSAP: Unsatisfactory DPS Benchmark (spring 2011) PP
DRA Level 40 MAZE Passage: 38%ile
Oral Language Vocabulary:
Rosner Auditory Analysis:
Reading Vocabulary:
Clues
Clues
Clues
Clues
Clues
Clues
Clues
Total number of seconds
Grade level
>111 < K
111-95 K
94-76 1st grade
75-67 2nd grade
66-64 3rd grade
63-59 4th grade
58-52 5th grade
51-49 6th grade
48-45 7th grade
45-40 8th grade
<40 9th grade +
Phonological Awareness (Blevins, Rosner and Words their Way)
Alphabetic Principle (Core Phonics, Words their Way, LETRS Morphological Awareness)
Vocabulary and Comprehension (DRA/SRI and Critchlaw) Fluency (ORF, Fry and RAN)
Rhyme: 11/12Oddity Task: 12/12 Oral Blending: 12/12Oral Segmentation: 23/24PhonemicManipulation: 12/12
Short vowels: 21/21 Consonant Blends with short vowels: 15/15Short vowels, digraphs, and trigraph: 15/15R-Controlled vowels:13/15Long vowels spellings: 13/15Variant Vowels: 10/15Low frequency vowel and consonant spellings: 8/15 Multisyllabic words: 14/24
Morphology: Structural analysis 1/12Inflectional Morphemes 11/12Derivational Morphemes 0/12
# of Orthographic errors on spelling: 43%
Site Words: San Diego 5th grade level
ORF Rate: 93.8 / 15%ile Accuracy 85%
# of phoneme errors on spelling test: 57%
Color naming RAN: 6th grade level
Reading Level: SRI 498 GORT: 21%ile CSAP: Unsatisfactory DPS Benchmark (spring 2011) PP
DRA 40 MAZE Passage: 38%ile
Oral Language Vocabulary:
Rosner Auditory Analysis: 1st Grade Leve l
Reading Vocabulary: GORT Fluency: 16%ile 7th Grade Level
5th grade level Executive Function: excellent focus, initiates tasks, can shirt in midstream; no concerns with executive functioning
Reasoning : excellent verbal and non-verbal reasoning
Other: English is first language; no family history of reading problems; older sibling have no issues with academics; engaged family
Is there evidence to
suggest difficulty with
executive functioning?
Is there evidence to
suggest difficulty with
Language Processing ?
Is there evidence to
suggest difficulty with reasoning (e.g.
cognitive below SS 85?
Root Causes of Reading Difficulty
Student has the ability to sustain focus when basic skills are
automatic
Is there evidence to
suggest difficulty with
processing speed?
Student is able to learn through various
methods (mastery, inquiry)
yes
no
1.
2.
3.
Is there evidence to
suggest problems with phonological processing?
Is there evidence to
suggest problems with orthographic processing?
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
noyes
no
Prioritize the concerns 1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________
Executive Functioning Concerns
Reasoning Concerns
Reading Comprehensi
onConcerns
Reading Fluency
Concerns
Basic Reading
Phonological Concern
Basic Reading
Orthographic Concern
Review Process again
Name: ______Angie ________
Basic Reading Phonological Concern
Basic Reading Orthographic Concern
Phonological Awareness (Blevins, Rosner and Words their Way)
Alphabetic Principle (Core Phonics, Words their Way, LETRS Morphological Awareness)
Vocabulary and Comprehension (DRA/SRI, Core Vocabulary and Critchlaw) Fluency (ORF, Fry
and RAN)
Rhyme:Oddity Task:Oral Blending:Oral Segmentation:PhonemicManipulation:
Alphabet Skills:
Reading and Decoding:
Spelling Skills:
Morphology:
# of Orthographic errors on spelling:
Site Words:
ORF Rate:
ORF Accuracy:
# of phoneme errors on spelling test:
Color naming RAN:
Reading Level:
Oral Language Vocabulary:
Name: ________________
Executive Functioning Skills:
Reasoning Skills:
Other:
Rosner Auditory Analysis:
Reading Vocabulary:
Reading
Fishbone Analysis
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with executive
functioning?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with Language
Processing ?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with reasoning ?
Root Causes of Reading Difficulty
Student has the ability to sustain focus when basic
skills are automatic
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with processing
speed?
Student is able to learn through various methods
(mastery, inquiry)
yes
no
1.
2.
3.
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with phonological processing?
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with orthographic processing?
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
noyes
no
Prioritize the concerns 1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________
Executive Functioning Concerns
Reasoning Concerns
Reading Comprehension
Concerns
Reading Fluency
Concerns
Basic Reading Phonological
Concern Basic Reading Orthographic
Concern
Create the Treatment
Plan
Name: _____________________________
Phonological Awareness (Blevins, Rosner and Words their Way)
Alphabetic Principle (Core Phonics, Words their Way, LETRS Morphological Awareness)
Vocabulary and Comprehension (DRA/SRI, Core Vocabulary and Critchlaw) Fluency (ORF, Fry
and RAN)
Rhyme:Oddity Task:Oral Blending:Oral Segmentation:PhonemicManipulation:
Alphabet Skills:
Reading and Decoding:
Spelling Skills:
Morphology:
# of Orthographic errors on spelling:
Site Words:
ORF Rate:
ORF Accuracy:
# of phoneme errors on spelling test:
Color naming RAN:
Reading Level:
Oral Language Vocabulary:
Name: ________________
Executive Functioning Skills:
Reasoning Skills:
Other:
Rosner Auditory Analysis:
Reading Vocabulary:
Reading
Fishbone Analysis
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with executive
functioning?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with Language
Processing ?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with reasoning ?
Root Causes of Reading Difficulty
Student has the ability to sustain focus when basic
skills are automatic
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with processing
speed?
Student is able to learn through various methods
(mastery, inquiry)
yes
no
1.
2.
3.
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with phonological processing?
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with orthographic processing?
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
noyes
no
Prioritize the concerns 1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________
Executive Functioning Concerns
Reasoning Concerns
Reading Comprehension
Concerns
Reading Fluency
Concerns
Basic Reading Phonological
Concern Basic Reading Orthographic
Concern
Create the Treatment
Plan
Name: _____________________________
Phonological Awareness (Blevins, Rosner and Words their Way)
Alphabetic Principle (Core Phonics, Words their Way, LETRS Morphological Awareness)
Vocabulary and Comprehension (DRA/SRI, Core Vocabulary and Critchlaw) Fluency (ORF, Fry
and RAN)
Rhyme:Oddity Task:Oral Blending:Oral Segmentation:PhonemicManipulation:
Alphabet Skills:
Reading and Decoding:
Spelling Skills:
Morphology:
# of Orthographic errors on spelling:
Site Words:
ORF Rate:
ORF Accuracy:
# of phoneme errors on spelling test:
Color naming RAN:
Reading Level:
Oral Language Vocabulary:
Name: ________________
Executive Functioning Skills:
Reasoning Skills:
Other:
Rosner Auditory Analysis:
Reading Vocabulary:
Reading
Fishbone Analysis
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with executive
functioning?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with Language
Processing ?
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with reasoning ?
Root Causes of Reading Difficulty
Student has the ability to sustain focus when basic
skills are automatic
Is there evidence to suggest
difficulty with processing
speed?
Student is able to learn through various methods
(mastery, inquiry)
yes
no
1.
2.
3.
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with phonological processing?
Is there evidence to suggest
problems with orthographic processing?
yes
no
yes
no
yes
no
yes
noyes
no
Prioritize the concerns 1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________
Executive Functioning Concerns
Reasoning Concerns
Reading Comprehension
Concerns
Reading Fluency
Concerns
Basic Reading Phonological
Concern Basic Reading Orthographic
Concern
Create the Treatment
Plan
Name: _____________________________
Phonological Awareness Alphabetic Principle
Vocabulary and Comprehension ) Fluency
Treatment
Executive Functioning Skills:
Reasoning Skills:
Other:
Reading
Fishbone Analysis
Develop auditory processing skills by focusing on the sub-phonemic features of the sounds of English
Beyond phonological awareness to phonological knowledge and understanding Programs- Lindamood
Bell LiPS; Jane Feld Green Sounds and Letters
Direct instruction in spelling
70 Most Frequent Graphemes of English
Rules of English Orthography
English syllable types English morphology
Layers of English
Programs- Orton Gillingham, Wilson, Writing Road to Reading, Word their Way
Must have strong phonological awareness and orthography before treatment
Fluency drills and repeated readings
Programs: Read Naturally; 6 Minute Solutions
Rule out phonological awareness, orthography and fluency before starting treatment
Oral language developmentOral and written
vocabularyDevelop the mental model Guided Reading and
Strategy Instruction
Background knowledge and schema building
Programs: LLI, Reading Advantage, Collaborative Strategic Reading, Reciprocal Reading
Medical check; metacognition; accommodations (we become the EF)
Mastery based instruction; replacement cores with strong scaffolding and repetition (40-1400); programs Lang! and Readwell