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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Manipulated Gamma Spectroscopy:
Methodologies and Applications
Saed Dababneh•Al-Balqa Applied University, JORDAN.• Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GERMANY.• University of Notre Dame, USA.• Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, USA.• CERN.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Why … ?• Efficiency• Signal-to-Background Ratio• Correction Factors• Interference• True Coincidence (Summing)• Random Coincidences• …
For What…?• Nuclear Structure• Environmental• Material• Nuclear Astrophysics• Medical• Industrial• …
• Composite detectors• Online vs. offline histogramming• Coincidence/anticoincidence• …
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
“Classical” Compton Suppression
• Online signal processing and hardware gating.• Anticoincidences. Kill good events !!!
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detector Spheres• Cost• Room• Availability• Passive Shielding
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detector Spheres
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
“Chronic” Corrections
• Geometry (Extended Source)• Self Absorption• True Coincidence Summing• Random Coincidences
Last Year !!
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Stellar Evolution (Overview)
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Thermonuclear Resonant Reactions
Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept. 2007.
Energy
Cro
ss s
ecti
on
EC
Resonance Strength
Low energy ?Barrier penetration
Yield 2 2 Background ??
QTarget
Projectile
Compound Nucleus
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Specific ProblemNeutron sources for the s-process
14N(, )18F(+)18O(, )22Ne(,n)
12C(p, )13N(+)13C(,n)
At temperatures of interest:• Reaction rate is dominated by 2 resonances; 470 & 566 keV.• Never observed directly !• Estimated resonance strengths. • Now: Improved detection sensitivity.• Measured resonance strengths.
18O +
770750660566470
22Ne
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
How … ?• Close Geometry • Granularity (if available)• Offline Analysis• Timing• Cosmic Suppression• Random Coincidences• Cascade Coincidences• Measured Corrections• Simulated Corrections• Avoid Calculations based on assumptions• …
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Experimental Setup for Accelerators
BGO
L ead shield
Beam
BGOClover
T arget
P las tic sc intillator
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Multiplicities
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Cosmic Suppression
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Random Coincidences
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Addback vs. Direct Mode
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Addback vs. Direct Mode
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Summing-in and -out
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Doppler Correction
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Various Modes of OperationIgnore scintillation No suppression.AnticoincidencesUse Pl. Scintillator Cosmic suppression.Use BGO Compton suppression.Coincidences (w/o cosmic suppression)Window on Clover + BGO Q-value gating.BGO window Cascade coincidences. Clover addback window Summing-in.Clover crystal window Summing-out.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Ultimate Data Reduction• Cosmic suppression.• Cascade coincidences. • Random coincidences.• Signal-to-background ratio…!!!
Offline
01.27
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detection Sensitivity
• Low-energy ultra-weak resonance.• 10 days beam on target.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detection Sensitivity
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detection Sensitivity
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Detailed Coincidences
R
1.27
1 2 3 4
• Modes 1 & 2 are accounted for. Partial strength.• Bypasses over first excited state?
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
3-D Spectra
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
So what ?
• Improved detection sensitivity.• Bypass verification.• Weakest resonances detected.• Target stability.• Quantified reaction rate. Physical Review C 68, 025801 (2003)
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Setup for Small SamplesSample measured with 2 Clover detectors in close geometry.• Each Clover consists of 4 HPGe crystals.• Nearly 4π geometry High efficiency.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Singles vs. Coincidences
Phys. Rev. C
69 025803 (2004)
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
• Close geometry summing.• Classical correction needs TOTAL efficiency • MC total efficiency• If MC why not MC Summing correction
Validate MCWhat about e
fficiency
for c
oincidence
s??
Monte Carlo (Remember 2006…!!)
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Correction Factor using Experimental Data
16 % in Direct Mode
Confirmed by MC
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics ResearchA 517 (2004) 230-239
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Finally …
Get spirit of ideasand
apply to your setup
Invest in yourself
www.dababneh.com/yarmouk07
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Many Thanks
www.dababneh.com/yarmouk07
Acknowledgement
Franz Käppeler, Michael Heil, Rene Reifarth, Ralf Plag, Iris Dillmann, Michael Wiescher, Joachim Görres, Nikolas Patronis, Shawn
O’Brien.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
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Saed Dababneh. Seventh Symposium on Use of Nuclear Techniques in Environmental Studies. Yarmouk University, JORDAN. 3-5 Sept.
2007.
Again: Addback vs. Direct