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SANS METHOD FOR INVESTIGATION OF
MICELLAR SURFACTANT
SYSTEMS
Summer Student Practice in Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 2012
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OUR SUPERVISOR:DR ALDONA RAJEWSKA
FRANK LABORATORY OF NEUTRON PHYSICS
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THE AIM OF OUR PROJECT
In our experiment we determined the temperature and concentration influence on the micelle shape of the
nonionic surfactant C10E7 by small-angle neutron scattering method.
C10E7heptaethylene glycol monodecyl ether
C24H50O8
H-(OCH2CH2)7OCH2(CH2)8CH3
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WHAT ARE SURFACTANTS?
Surfactants (SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS) are the chemical compounds which consist of two parts: polar, hydrophilic head (P) and apolar, hydrophobic tail (R).
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CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACTANTS
CLASSICAL GEMINI
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CLASSICAL SURFACTANTS
IONIC
NONIONIC
ANIONIC
CATIONIC
ZWITTERIONIC
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CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF SURFACTANTS
Adsorption at various interfaces
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CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF SURFACTANTS
Micellization
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THE CRITICAL MICELLE CONCENTRATION
It is the concentration of surfactants above which micelles form in the bulk phase.
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WHAT CAN BE DETERMINED?
¥ Critical micelle concentration
¥ Aggregation number
¥ Shape and size of the micelles
¥ Counterion binding degree
¥ Surface free energy
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SHAPES OF MICELLES
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THE ROLE OF SURFACTANTS
¥ Cleaning
¥ Emulsifying
¥ Wetting
¥ Dispersing
¥ Foaming
¥ Antifoaming
¥ Solubilizing
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APPLICATION OF SURFACTANTS
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SANS – SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING
In this method, the beam of neutrons is elastically scattered bya sample. The scattering pattern provides informations about the shape, size and orientation of components of the sample. SANS is used for studying the structure of a material on length scale of 10 to 1000 Å.
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IBR-2 PULSED REACTOR YUMO
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FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA TO PDDF
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SCATTERING INTENSITIES AND DISTANCE DISTRIBUTION
FUNCTIONS OF GEOMETRICAL BODIES
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H-(OCH2CH2)7OCH2(CH2)8CH3
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WHAT INFORMATION CAN WE OBTAIN?
¥ Volume fraction, data consistency
¥ Specific surface area, surfactant head group area
¥ General or specific dimensions
¥ Particle volume, molecular weight.
What are the disadvantages?
Nuclear reactors needed
Price
Sometimes long measurement times
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
¥ Aldona Rajewska
¥ Roman Zawodny
¥ Władysław Chmielowski
¥ Stanislav Pakuliak
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Thank you for your attention.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
¥ Modern aspects of small angle scattering, ed. by H. Brumberger
¥ Structure and dynamics of strongly interacting colloids and supramolecular aggregates in solutions, ed. by S.H. Chen
¥ Surfactant solutions. New methods of investigation, ed. By R. Zana
¥ Giant Micelles: Properties and Applications (Surfactant Science) by R. Zana
¥ Gemini Surfactants: Synthesis, Interfacial and Solution-Phase Behavior, andApplications (Surfactant Science) by R. Zana
¥ Dynamics of Surfactant Self-Assemblies: Micelles, Microemulsions, Vesicles and Lyotropic Phases (Surfactant Science) by R. Zana
¥ Surfactants in solutions by K. L. Mittal
¥ Micellar solutions and microemulsions:structure, dynamics and statistical thermodynamics by S.H. Chen and Raj Rajagopalan
¥ Physics of complex and supermolecular fluids by Samuel A. Safran, Noel A. Clark
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PICTURES USED¥ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Micelle.png
¥ http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v9/n5/fig_tab/nmat2761_F1.html
¥ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Surfactant.jpg
¥ http://www.che.udel.edu/research_groups/wagner/image/research/rod.gif
¥ http://grantscienceworld.com/Phyical%20Science/physical%20science%20pictures/micelle.jpg
¥ http://img.search.com/thumb/c/c6/Phospholipids_aqueous_solution_structures.svg/250px-Phospholipids_aqueous_solution_structures.svg.png
¥ http://image.tutorvista.com/cms/images/44/Types-of-micelles.JPG
¥ http://www.detergentsandsoaps.com/gifs/surface-active.gif
¥ http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8vkt3iXSi-I/TsqC0iavzHI/AAAAAAAAB4Y/NJ7TQLhh2P8/s1600/eco-friendly-paint.jpg
¥ http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_rGpP2bAbGgA/S-HINhF11bI/AAAAAAAAAnU/6-4rpGWHsCA/s1600/detergents.jpg
¥ http://cdn.mommyish.com/files/2011/11/johnson-and-johnson-baby-shampoo-chemicals.jpg
¥ http://www.monarchbearing.com/images/adhesives.jpg
¥ http://offsetprintinginks.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/offset-printing-inks.jpg
¥ http://www.realbollywood.com/up_images/inks6613.jpg
¥ http://www.epa-herbicides.com/images/1015-Herbicide-sprayingMan.jpg
¥ http://i616.photobucket.com/albums/tt242/faileon/micela.png
¥ http://www.baschem.co.uk/Products/Product/Antifoams/antifoam1.jpg