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Scalable and Robust Video Encoding for Real-time
Communication
Samah A. SenbelAdvisorAdvisor: Dr. Hussein Abdel
Wahab
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Outline Introduction & Motivation Background A new Image Encoding Technique Quadtree-based Video Encoding Technique Octree-based Video Encoding Technique Differential Octree-based Video Encoding
Technique Experimental results
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Introduction & Motivation
The Requirements for a real-time encoding technique are :
Good Compression Ratio Simplicity Scalability Robustness Ease of decoding
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Introduction & Motivation
We developed these 4 Encoders: Quadtree-based Image Encoder Differential Quadtree-based Video
Encoder Octree-based Video Encoder Differential Octree-based Video Encoder
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Scalability
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Why do we need Scalability?
Heterogeneous Receivers Low-bandwidth communication
• Distant Learning• Mobile hosts
Dealing with network traffic Better error control
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Background (Quadtree)
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Vector Quantization
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Overview of the Image Encoding Technique
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Step 1: Mean removal
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Step 2: Generate Quadtree
level Structure4 13 10112 1000 0011 00111 1000 1010 0000 1000 01000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
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Step 3: Vector Quantization
The Quadtree data is then COMPRESSED using vector quantization
Each level is encoded independently to reflect its importance.
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Decoding Technique
Perform reverse vector quantization (table look up)
Convert from Quadtree to array Add the means image
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Experimental results
RobustnessLoss PSNR
New Tech.PSNRShusterman Tech.
0 % 32.35 dB 32.35 dB5 % 31.62 dB 27.86 dB10 % 31.17 dB 27.84 dB20 % 27.27 dB 25.14 dB40 % 23.86 dB 20.46 dB
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Experimental Results
Robustness at 20 % loss
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Differential Quadtree Encoding Technique
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Test Videos
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Compression results
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Scalability
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Robustness
Loss PSNRQuadtree
PSNRMPEG-2
0 % 32.69 dB 32.70 dB5 % 32.03 dB 30.67 dB10 % 31.17 dB 28.14 dB20 % 27.27 dB 23.07 dB40 % 23.86 dB 18.47 dB
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Octree
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The Octree Video Encoding Technique
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Encoding Technique
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Compression(1)
MissA Encoded at 16 Kbps
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Compression(2)
Football Encoded at 16 Kbps
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Robustness
Loss PSNROctree
PSNRQuadtree
PSNRMPEG-2
0 % 32.70 dB 32.69 dB 32.70 dB5 % 32.47 dB 32.03 dB 30.67 dB10 % 32.07 dB 31.17 dB 28.14 dB20 % 30.91 dB 27.27 dB 23.07 dB40 % 28.62 dB 23.86 dB 18.47 dB
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Differential Octree Encoding Technique
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Summary
Main Objective:Design a Video Encoder with these
properties:• Good Compression• Scalability• Robustness• Ease of Decoding
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Summary
We developed these 4 Encoders: Quadtree-based Image Encoder Differential Quadtree-based Video
Encoder Octree-based Video Encoder Differential Octree-based Video Encoder