Download - Science Forum Day 3 - Zainul Abedin - Integrating fish in rice-based farming systems in Bangladesh
Integrating fish in rice-based farming systems in Bangladesh
M. Zainul Abedin and S.M.A. SattarIRRI Bangladesh Office
July 2011
Rice and Fish had been and are integrated
on the plates
and
In the rice fields …. Since ????
INTEGRATED RICE+FISH – PULSES+LIVESTOCK SYSTEM
Plankton growth
Natural rice-fish cultureIs Threatened by:
High population pressure – demand for more - over harvesting -Decreasing stocks of natural (wild) fish
“Green revolution and “development” initiatives saw changing land use patterns indiscriminate use of pesticides interference with natural breeding and feeding grounds
– sluices, roads, etc.
Drying up river systems and water bodies
LACK OF TECHNOLOGIES TO COPE UP WITH THE CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES AND INCREASING DEMANDS
? Where is FISH???
Research and development of rice fish culture in Bangladesh
Organizations involved:• BFRI, BRRI, Universities, Deptt. of Fisheries NGOS, WFC, IRRI
CONCURRENT AND SEQUENTIAL RICE AND FISH BASED FARMING SYSTEMS
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Wet season Dry season
Gher preparation
• Water depth- 60-80 cm• Single stocking:
@ 3-5/m²• Yield: 350-550 kg/ha• NR: 0.75-1.00 lakh/ha (1:1.9)
Golda GIFT
5,000-10,000/ha at 1:1 ratio
Yield:• Rice: 4-5 t/ha.• Fish: 200-250 kg/ha• Prawn: 70-90 kg/ha
Seedling
Bagda Rice
Improved rice (aman)-shrimp system
HYVs: BR 23/40/41
June July August0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
68,337a
48,908b
43,160b
PrawnGIFTRice
Prawn stocking time
Ne
t re
turn
('0
00
Tk
./ha
)
Control15,690
About 369-584% higher return than in mono-cultivation of commonly practiced rice varieties
Stocking of prawn PL into shrimp ponds 60 days in advance of rice plantation resulted in 158% higher net return
Results (economic return
Benefits of integrating fish with deep water rice
Area Technical option
Stocking density
Recov. rate (%)
Yield (kg/ha)
Net return from fish (Tk./ha)
K. Char Alternate 8,200 44 1,165 22,260
B. baria Alternate 12,500 22 1,559 35,940
Narail Concurrent 13,500 22 614 13,200
Mymensingh
Concurrent 9,500 32 617 8,280
Data from BFRI
Benefits of integrating fish with rice
• 67% fields with fish gave 13% higher rice yield
• 82% fields with fish had less weed • Evidence of reduced pests in rice• Evidence of increased soil organic matter
content• Reduced need for fertilizer in rice
Potential in Bangladesh
Fish in rice-based ag system can enhance income at a higher rate than crops alone can
thereby can reduce poverty, malnutrition and vulnerability- Generate employment opportunities
Total rice area about 10.8 m ha
About 7 m ha where water stays for 4-6 months
~ 3 m ha boro fields ~ 1.40 m ha floating rice fields~ 3 m ha t. aman fields (including
coastal area
ConstraintsTechnological Limited technological options for various ecosystems,
resource base and risks Pests & diseases Lack of technical knowledge
Institutional and governance No easy access to seed & other inputs Inadequate service centers Inadequate training facility Indiscriminate structures disregarding impact on fisheries Tenurial rights
ConstraintsSocioeconomic Labor shortages Lack access to capital Risk of fish protection Lack of Access to Market
Environmental• Flooding, Drought, and impact of climate change
Recommendations
• Look at system productivity and economic gains• Strengthen understanding of the current
conditions and long term projections• Strengthen research and development –
community participatory• Develop Community-based entrepreneurships • Build up on successes and local knowledge• Lobby for Policy tools for governance – equity,
access to factor and product markets, tenurial rights particularly for fishing in large water bodies
THANKS