“Science is about KNOWING. ENGINEERING IS ABOUT DOING”
Henry Petroski
Tel. : +662 618 8871Email : [email protected]
Line : @fassco.co
VAT: 0105560190216
Facade Corporation Co., Ltd.No. 23 Soi Pradipat 6, Phayathai,
Phayathai, Bangkok 10400 Thailand
Website : www.fassco.co
PRODUCT ANDINSTALLATION GUIDEEDITION 02 – Q3 - 2019High-Density Fibrecement Facades
WWW.FASSCO.CO
SAFE, ELEGANT AND SUSTAINABLE BUILDING SOLUTIONS
INTRODUCTION:
With an ever-growing shift and consciousness towards safe, elegant and sustainable building materials,
we at the FASSCO take great pride in delivering a product and service tailored towards meeting only your
specifi c needs.
We manage all our operations under one roof and, as a full-service provider, we offer products of the
highest quality and fi nish.
We value your vision and would love to accompany you along every step of your journey; from the consul-
tation to the engineering and from the production to the installation itself.
This manual serves as a technical document to assist you during your project. Keep in mind that facade
engineering and installation is a highly technical task that requires extensive training and ample
experience to guarantee a safe and long-lasting product life.
We remain at your disposal at all stages for any questions that may arise.
We look forward to meeting you personally.
TABLE OF CONTENTSSection 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Section 2 PRODUCT RANGE ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Section 3 PAINT AND INK ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Section 4 FIXING METHODS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Rivets ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Glue ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 ClipFix ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
Section 5 SUB-CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Support Structure ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Cavity and Joints ........................................................................................................................................................................ 23
Section 6 PLANNING FUNDAMENTALS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 24 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Windload ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Section 7 High-density Fibrecement ................................................................................................................................................................. 28
Section 8 Handling and Maintanace .............................................................................................................................................................. 30 Handling and Maintanance ...................................................................................................................................... 30 Tools and Accesories ............................................................................................................................................................ 32
Section 9 References ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................34
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VENTILATED FACADES A Ventilated Facade is a two-stage construction, comprising fi rstly, an inner load-be-
aring structure and secondly, the outer rainscreen and its mounting components.
This outer skin protects the structure against the elements. A ventilated facade is ideal
for the use in both new buildings and renovation projects.
Another key feature of a Ventilated Facade is the air gap or cavity between the outer
skin and the backing wall.
This allows for a chimney-effect to take place, which in turn transports air through the
system, ventilating the cavity,
Depending on the nature of the joints between panels, a minute amount of 0.3-0.4%
water penetration may occur. This is will be easily dissipated
however, due to the ventilation effect. (see page 25)
PRINCIPLES OF A VENTILATED FACADES
01 |INTRODUCTION
Benefi ts of Ventilated Facades - Protects the building structure from
rain or hail.
- Protects building from sun radiation.
- Dissipates atmospheric heat.
- Enhances the building climate.
- Eliminates effect of thermal bridges.
- Acoustic insulation.
- Decorative design element
A CROSS SECTION DEPICTION OF A VENTILATED FACADE
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DEFINITION: FASSCO panels are a high density, fi bre reinforced cement composite board of high strength and high
E-modulus conform European Standard EN 12467(3). Coated with a multi-layer system, comprising waterbased ,
pigmented acrylic coatings and sealed with a CLP, light-cured clear topcoat resin.
These panels are a fi bre-reinforced mineral bonded composite that can be shaped to boards and panels, which
is successfully used as the outer skin of buildings since several decades in climatic conditions from polar regions
to deserts and rainforests. Fibrecement‘s mechanical strength, durability and resistance towards algae, moss and
vermin such as termites, make it an ideal material for ventilated facades all over the world.
FASSCO IN THE TRADITION OF FIBRECEMENT
HISTORY: Whilst ventilated facades and rainscreen panels were used earlier, it was in the mid 1950s that production of large
format cement boards started. At the same time, efforts were made to improve the colouring techniques generally
practiced at that time. This resulted in a unique panel with optically fl at, semi-matt mineral enamel surface.
In the late 1980s, manufacturers in Germany and Switzerland succeeded in replacing the hazardous fi bres by a blend
of cellulose and textile fi bres as raw material in fi brecement boards. These two companies successfully used the
new manufacturing technology to further develop the market for fi brecement in ventilated facades. One of them,
Eternit GmbH in Germany, has now become the exclusive supplier of raw boards to Facade Corporation for the
production of FASSCO panels.
Asbestos-free fi brecement boards are coated with newly developed, water-based acrylic paints. Develop-
ment of new and innovative coatings continued, aiming at improved durability, colour and design diversity as
well as functional properties. Combining the high performance of the coatings with that of the fi brecement
board, resulted in products that give the architects of the day an entirely new material for ventilated facades,
providing new possibilities of creative design of a building.
FASSCO panels and coating represent the latest generation in this development.
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EXPLANATION: Facade Corporation offers a large and unique selection of FASSCO branded panels. All panels are surface
fi nished by factory applied, weather resistant and durable polymer coatings. This enables the architect
to design the facade of the building not only in regard to the geometry of the panels but particularly in
terms of colours and light effects.
Moreover, FASSCO offers a wear resistant, easy-to-clean coating on all products. This provides enhanced
durability in exposed areas including the risk of vandalism through graffi ti spray.
All FASSCO panels receive a tight and water repellent back-sealing coating.
Although conceived as exterior facade elements, FASSCO panels, fulfi l all requirements for internal use, for instance
as wall covering in public areas, bathrooms, kitchen and living areas. For more information visit www.interiore.co
02 |PRODUCT RANGE
TECHNICAL PRODUCT SPECIFICATION: All FASSCO boards conform to the requirements of EN12467 „Fibrecement Flat Sheets - Product specifi cation
and test methods“.
Minimum Density Dry 1,600-1,700 kg/m³
Bending Strength Parallel Ambient 18-24 N/mm²
Bending Strength Perpendicular Ambient 14-17 N/mm²
Modulus of Elasticity Ambient 12,000-15,000 N/mm²
Hygric Movement 30-95% 1.5 mm/m
Water Absorption of Uncoat Panel 0-100% <25 %
Durability Qualification EN12467 Category A
Strength Classification EN12467 Class 4
Reaction to Fire EN13501-1
Water Impermeability Test Cat. A EN12467 Pass
Warm Water Test EN12467 Pass
Soak/Dry Test EN12467 Pass
Freeze Thaw Test for Cat. A Panel EN12467 Pass
Heat/Rain Test for Cat. A Panel EN12467 Pass
Thermal Movement 0.01 mm/mK
Thermal Conductivity 0.58 W/mK
Panel Weight 2500 x 1220mm
8 8mm 12.8-15.4 kg/m² 39.3-47.1 kg/panel
12mm 19.2-22.8kg/m2 58.9-71.6 kg/panel
Factory Supplied Tollerances
Thickness 8mm Panel ± 0.5mm
Length 2500mm ± 5mm
Width 1220mm ± 4mm
Squareness 2.0mm/m
Class A2
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POWERFUL COLOURS FOR A POWERFUL VISON
PRODUCT EXAMPLEEXPLANATION: A fully pigmented monotone acrylic-polymer coating, offered
in a large variety of pantone colour pigmentations.
Due to the innovative cross-linked polymer (CLP) top-coat, the
surface fi nish is available in a semi-matt and glossy light
refl ection
Classic™
DESCRIPTION:
Material: High-density aircured fi brecement, made in accordance to EN 12467.
Thickness: 8mm, 12mm
Fire safety: A2, s1, d0 (EN 13501-1)
Health: 100% Asbestos free
Boards Made in Germany - Coated by Facade Corporation
Certifi cations: ISO 9001:2008 and EN ISO 14001:2004 (board).
Certifi ed for use as Ventilated Facades in accordance with
DIBt. (boards)
OUR MOST POPULAR
SURFACE FINISHES: Coating: Cross-linked polymer (CLP) hardened resin.
Colours: 2,310 colours to choose from.
Surface: Semi-Matt or Gloss
BENEFITS: - Colour fade resistant
- Robust and scratch proof
- Extremely fi re resistant
- Acoustic insulation qualities
- Graffi ti resistant - Clean with methylated spirits
- Edge coating available
- Environmentally friendly and sustainable
- Made-to-Order. No stockpiling
PROTECTION
Explore
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PRODUCT EXAMPLEEXPLANATION: A fully pigmented, mono and multi-tone coating, offered in a
variety of pigments with specifi c light effect.
- Metallic effect (variety of colours available).
- Mother of pearl: a fi ne delicate white.
- Iridescent effect: a colour change dependent on light inci-
dence.
All panels are covered with an innovative cross-linked polymer
(CLP) top-coat. The surface fi nish is available in gloss.
DESCRIPTION: Material: High-density aircured fi brecement, made in accor-
dance to EN 12467.
Thickness: 8mm, 12mm
Fire safety: A2, s1, d0 (EN 13501-1)
Health: 100% Asbestos free
Boards Made in Germany - Coated by Facade Corporation
Certifi cations: ISO 9001:2008 and EN ISO 14001:2004 (board).
Certifi ed for use as Ventilated Facades in accordance with
DIBt. (boards)
OUR MOST POPULAR
SURFACE FINISHES: Coating: Cross-linked polymer (CLP) hardend resin.
Colours: limited choice of colour
Surface: Gloss
Pearl™
SHINE BRIGHTER THAN EVER BEFORE
BENEFITS: - Colour fade resistant
- Robust and scratch proof
- Extremely fi re resistant
- Acoustic insulation qualities
- Graffi ti resistant - Clean with methylated spirits
- Edge coating available
- Environmentally friendly and sustainable
- Made-to-Order. No stockpiling
COLOUR AVAILABILITY: 10 colours to choose from. Contact your representative
PROTECTION
Explore
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A SURFACE YOU CAN FEEL
PRODUCT EXAMPLEEXPLANATION: A fully pigmented multi-tone acrylic-polymer coating, offered
in a large variety of pantone colour pigmentations that are
covered with colour splashes.
A rough surface feel is offered by effect particles enclosed
within the coating,
Due to the innovative cross-linked polymer (CLP) top-coat. The
surface fi nish are available in semi-matt and gloss.
DESCRIPTION: Material: High-density aircured fi brecement, made in accor-
dance to EN 12467.
Thickness: 8mm, 12mm
Fire safety: A2, s1, d0 (EN 13501-1)
Health: 100% Asbestos free
Boards Made in Germany - Coated by Facade Corporation
Certifi cations: ISO 9001:2008 and EN ISO 14001:2004 (board).
Certifi ed for use as Ventilated Facades in accordance with
DIBt. (boards)
OUR MOST POPULAR
SURFACE FINISHES: Coating: Cross-linked polymer (CLP) hardend resin.
Colours: Wide choice of custom base and splash colours available.
Surface: Semi-Matt or Gloss
Touch™
BENEFITS: - Colour fade resistant
- Robust and scratch proof
- Extremely fi re resistant
- Acoustic insulation qualities
- Graffi ti resistant - Clean with methylated spirits
- Edge coating available
- Environmentally friendly and sustainable
- Made-to-Order. No stockpiling
COLOUR AVAILABILITY: Endless colour choices.
PROTECTION
Explore
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PRINTING VISIONS IN THE HIGHEST DEFINITION
PRODUCT EXAMPLEEXPLANATION: Images, patterns and designs printed by an inkjet printer in
high defi nition.
The print image is protected with the innovative cross-linked
polymer (CLP) top-coat.
Choose one of our countless design patterns or supply your
own texture, logo or photography.
DESCRIPTION: Material: High-density aircured fi brecement, made in accor-
dance to EN 12467.
Thickness: 8mm, 12mm
Fire safety: A2, s1, d0 (EN 13501-1)
Health: 100% Asbestos free
Boards Made in Germany - Coated by Facade Corporation
Certifi cations: ISO 9001:2008 and EN ISO 14001:2004 (board).
Certifi ed for use as Ventilated Facades in accordance with
DIBt. (boards)
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS
SURFACE FINISHES: Coating: Cross-linked polymer (CLP) hardend resin.
Surface: Semi-Matt or Gloss
Colours: CMYK
Print resolution: 360 - 1080 dpi (dependent on print speed)
File type: JPEG, PNG, PDF
Desire™
BENEFITS: - Colour fade resistant
- Robust and scratch proof
- Extremely fi re resistant
- Acoustic insulation qualities
- Graffi ti resistant - Clean with methylated spirits
- Edge coating available
- Environmentally friendly and sustainable
PROTECTION
Explore
PRODUCT EXAMPLEEXPLANATION:
DESCRIPTION: Material: High-density aircured fi brecement, made in accor-
dance to EN 12467.
Thickness: 8mm, 12mm
Fire safety: A2, s1, d0 (EN 13501-1)
Health: 100% Asbestos free
Boards Made in Germany - Coated by Facade Corporation
Certifi cations: ISO 9001:2008 and EN ISO 14001:2004 (board).
Certifi ed for use as Ventilated Facades in accordance with
DIBt. (boards)
OUR COLLECTION
SURFACE FINISHES: All panels come with a standard hydrophobation repelling water and dirt. Choosing the “+” version gives you the possibility of adding our (CLP) protective top-coat in Matt or Gloss giving you extra added protection.
True™
BENEFITS: - Colour fade resistant
- Robust and scratch proof
- Extremely fi re resistant
- Acoustic insulation qualities
- Graffi ti resistant - Clean with methylated spirits
-
- Environmentally friendly and sustainable
- Made-to-Order. No stockpiling
COLOUR AVAILABILITY: See 6 below.
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No visible and open edges when cutting on-sight
A coloured board where the pigmentation is mixed into the slurry before the sheet formation process. The surface is sanded to give a natural and rough structure.
PROTECTION
Explore
NATURAL FIBRECEMENT
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03 |PAINT AND INKPROCESS TYPES : Facade Corporation applies a combination of three coating technologies in order to obtain the desired surface effects:
1 . As primers; base-coats and coloured layers: water-based acrylic emulsion paints with low pigment volume concentration.
Oven curing allows the use of resins with high fi lm forming temperature (MFT), resulting in particularly hard layers,
resistant to water and sunlight radiation.
2. As clear transparent top-coat; the cross-linking acrylic co-polymer resin (CLP), cured by ultra-violet light with the
option to reduce the gloss by a two-step curing.
3. As medium for advanced high-defi nition inkjet printing; an inorganic ink, composed of essentially mineral pigments
and binders.
QUALITY CONTROL (QC) : A rigorous quality control system is installed for the production of FASSCO coated panels.
This comprises the following:
During Production
- Moisture control of raw board
- Measurement of paint colour and viscosity
- Controlling applied weight of paints
- Controlling drying and curing conditions
- Measuring fi lm formation
- Monitoring energy for CLP curing
Finished product
- Comparison of colour with reference (∆L)
- Measurement of homogeneity of gloss
- Verifi cation of fi lm formation
PAINT TYPES : Surfaces of FASSCO panels are hard and scratch resistant. They are chemically resistant and dirt does not easily stick.
The surface can easily be cleaned with water, light detergents and high-pressure water jets. (up to 50 bar, min. 60cm
nozzle distance)
Graffi ti spray as result of vandalism can be removed with use of remover liquids such as methylated spirits.
BACKCOATING : All FASSCO panels are protected against unbalanced absorption of humidity and carbon dioxide from the air by an
ultra-tight transparent coating layer on the back.
This back-coat stabilizes the panels and make them insensitive to deformation (warping).
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COLOUR MATCHING :
The Facade Corporation specialises in the colour matching and new pigment developments with latest technology available to us. We welcome our clients wishes and can match any colour to 99.9% accuracy.
STEPS OF THE COATING PROCESS:
Cutting
Base Coat
Clean Primer
Paint
Back Coat
ColourPaint
CLP
QC
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04 | 1FIXING METHODS
RIVETS - MECHANICAL FIXING
ADVANTAGES:- Cost effective solution
- Quick and easy installation
All fi xing points will be drilled with a ø9.5mm hole directly into the
fi brecement panel and a ø4.1mm hole into the supporting profi le of
the sub-construction. For the 8mm board the rivet type 4 x 18 – K 15 will
be used. For the fi x points a sleeve. The 12mm boards will mounted with
the rivet labelled 4 x 25 – K 15 with a sleeve also used for the fi x points.
Fibrecement panels, like all porous mineral materials, undergo hydric and thermal movement. This means, that the material expands upon change of temperature and change of humidity content. The mounting principles of ventilated facade panels therefore have to allow for this expansion or shrinkage without transmitting any tension to the panel. Such tensions could lead to deformation of the panel and ultimately cracking.
To maintain the panels tension free, they are fastened by means of fi xed and sliding points. Two adjacent fi xed points (F) are provided for each panel. All other fi xing holes are sliding points (S). The Fixed points (F) position and securely fasten the panels, providing support the strains of windload and dead-weights of the whole panel. Sliding points (S) support the applied wind-load only.
FIXING PROCEDURE : The procedure for fi xing is the same for all FASSCO
panels. The are pre-drilled with an ø9.5mm diameter
size hole to allow for rivet fi xing (picture 1). A drilling
stencil has to be used.
Each panel has two fi xed points. These are formed by
using the sleeves to fi ll the oversized hole. No sleeve
is used for the sliding holes. (Picture 2) A centralising
tool is used to drive the rivet hole in the aluminium
supporting frame. (Picture 3) A rivet setting tool which
fi ts to the end of the rivet gun can be used to prevent
scratching the rivet head and ensure the correct
placement of the rivet. (picture 4)
For information on tool selection and how to obtain
them, see page 32.
FASSCO ventilated facade panels may be face fi xed
to a metal supporting frame using an aluminium or
stainless steel rivet. The rivets have colour matched
heads to blend in with the panel. Aluminium rivets
can only be used with aluminium supporting frame.
Stainless steel rivets can be used with aluminium,
galvanised or stainless steel supporting frames.
F F
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SCHEMATIC VIEW OF RIVET FIXATION BY FIX AND SLIDING POINTS:
POSITION OF FIXING POINTS : The distance of fi xing holes from the edge of the panel has to be
respected:
The distance from the hole to the horizontal edge is:
is 70mm -> 100mm. Preferably 80mm.
The distance of the hole to the vertical side edges of the panel is:
30mm -> 100mm.
The centres for the rest of the fi xings are determined based on
the engineers windload calculations and the dimensions of the
rainscreen panel.
REQUIRED NUMBER OF FIXING POINTS AND DISTANCE FROM EACH OTHER :
Number of fi xing points and distances from each other is function on wind-load on rainscreen panel: 2500mm x 1220mm x 8mm - horizontal position on vertical profi les
Number of fi xing points and distances from each other is function on wind-load on rainscreen panel: 2500mm x 1220mm x 8mm - vertical position on vertical profi les
Wind Pressure (kN/m2) 1.92 2.88 4.00 5.11
Wind Suction (kN/m2) -1.44 -1.81 -2.17 -4.34
Amount of Fixing Points (h x v) 5x3 6x3 7x3 8x4
Distance between horizontal
vertical
610 488 407 349
545 545 545 363
Wind Pressure (kN/m2) 1.40 3.40 3.40 5.50
Wind Suction (kN/m2) -0.79 -1.48 -4.01 -5.33
Amount of Fixing Points (h x v) 3x4 4x4 4x7 5x7
Distance between horizontal
vertical
595 397 397 298
780 780 390 390
Drilling Ø 4.1 mm
Shaft Ø 4.0 mm
Drill hole Ø 9.5 mmRivet head Ø 15 mm
100 mm
Corner Rivet
100
mm
70 m
m
80 m
m
30 m
m
80 mm 20 mm
25 mm
Not drawn on scale
Not drawn on scale
F F
25 EQ EQ EQ EQ EQ 25
80d
d80
1250
F F
EQEQ
EQ
EQ EQ
8080
25 25
F FEQ
EQEQ
8080
25 25d
Max 610
Drilling Ø 4.1 mm
Shaft Ø 4.0 mm
Drill hole Ø 9.5 mmRivet head Ø 15 mm
Sliding Point Fixing Point
The following tables are a general indication of the windload effects on fi xing points. Determination of fi xing positions and number
of fi xing points is a detailed calculation that must be done by a certifi ed structural engineer. Please feel free to contact your
personal FASSCO respresentative for our services that can support you.
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FIXING PROCEDURE : Fixing Procedures
Before the gluing procedure it is imperative that all surfaces in contact with the glue are dry and free or dew. The dew
point needs to be tested before application.
• The aluminium sections must be degreased and undergo preliminary treatment with a primer.
• The backside of the panel must be raised with sandpaper in order to eliminate the back-coating on the spots of the
adhesive bonding
• The back of the facade panel must be cleaned and be given prior treatment with an adhesion primer.
• A double-sided adhesive strip is applied onto the aluminium profi le as support for the facade panel during the
hardening period of the glue, while also indicating the distance between the facade panel and the aluminium profi les.
• The correct quantity of glue must be applied. A maximum edge distance of 50mm must be respected.
• The rainscreen panel is placed and pressed against the aluminium support profi le in order to squeeze the strip of glue
to the thickness of the double-sided adhesive strip for calibration.
REQUIREMENTS : For a safe and conforming application of the glue system, a two-day training needs to be completed which is provided
by the supplier of the adhesive.
An installation of FASSCO panels by glue is only possible on a vertical sub-structure.
04 | 2FIXING METHODS
GLUE - CONCEALED FIXING
ADVANTAGES:- Easy and fastest installing method
- No exposed fi xing elements
Gluing the panel onto a metal supporting structure is an elegant
and durable fi xing method. Facade Corporation uses a silicone
polymer or polyurethane based glue, formulated specially for
the purpose of fi xing fi brecement panels.
The FASSCO recommended adhesive system can basically be
applied to all formats and conditions. The glue produces give
enough support after the 12 hour curing time, so that no further
mechanical support is needed.
The fi xing procedure must always take place in strict
accordance with the conditions of the supplier of the adhesive
system and under their training and guarantee conditions.
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REQUIRED NUMBER OF FIXING AREAS AND DISTANCES FROM EACH OTHER:
The following table is a general indication of the windload effects on fi xing points. Determination of surface
area and number of support profi les is a detailed calculation that must be done by a certifi ed structural
engineer. Please feel free to contact your personal FASSCO respresentative for our services that can support
you.
Board Width (mm) 1,250 2,500
Wind Pressure (kN) 1.56 4.01 1.81 2.88 4.10
Amount of sup-port profi les 3 4 5 6 7
Distance between Profi les (mm) 595 397 610 488 407
≥8 ≥8 ≥8 ≥8 ≥10
≥408 8 8
10
12 >100 1212
≥5
Primer
Aluminium profilePrimer
Adhesive tape
Fassco Panels(8 mm)
Adhesive tape Glue(Thickness ≥3mm)
Glue
30
≥12≥5 ≥5 ≥5
≥12 ≥10
Aluminium Profile
POSITIONING OF GLUE SYSTEM
1250
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ClipFix is a mechanical fi xing system for invisible
applications. Consisting of a two-part anchor with
one part is screwed into the panel and the other
attached to the metal sub-construction. This fi xing
method is available for baords with a
12mm thickness.
PROCEDURE : The panels are pre-drilled at our factory to the
precise position provided by the design engineer
or the supporting frame supplier. A special shape
hole is drilled into the rear of the panel without
passing through to the front face. The hole is wider
in the middle of the panel than at the rear surface.
ASSEMBLY: The assembly of the Clipfi x system is done on site.
For the bolt system, the anchor is inserted into the
hole. The hanging hook, washer and bolt are place
together and inserted into the anchor. As the bolt
tightens the anchor expands and locks into place.
Attention: Over-tightening the bolt can damage
the anchor and the panel reducing the pull outs
resistance of the fi xation.
A horizontal aluminium profi le to support the hanging
hooks is mounted and fi xed by screw onto the vertical
sub-structure. The hanging hooks are clipped onto
the horizontal profi le and fi xed with a screw.
Below is a graphical representation of the complete system.
04 | 3FIXING METHODS
1. Pre drilled hole in 8mm pannel.2. Undercut Anchor3.+4. Washer and screw
Back of the board
1 2 3 4
Vertical sub-structuremounted on facade Horizontal Support
Hanging hooks mountedon to the panel
Hanging hook mounted on the panel.
CLIPFIX - CONCEALED FIXING MECHANICAL FIXING
ADVANTAGES:- No exposed fi ttings
- Prestigious appearance
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REQUIRED NUMBER OF FIXING POINTS AND DISTANCES FROM EACH OTHER:
The following table is a general indication of the windload effects on fi xing points. Determination of fi xing
positions and number of fi xing points is a detailed calculation that must be done by a certifi ed structural
engineer. Please feel free to contact your personal FASSCO respresentative for our services that can support
you.
Wind Pressure / Wind Suction (kN/m2) 0.98 1.29 1.66 2.19
Amount of Fixing Points (h x v) 3x5 3x6 4x5 4x6
Distance between fi xing (mm)
horizon-tal
vertical
510 510 340 340
575 460 575 460
n=Vertical suppoort beamm=support hooksExample of vertical panels position with vertical sub-structure
1250625 625
350
n1
n2
n3
n4
n5
m1 m2 m3 m4
350350100 100
2500
575
575
575
575
100
100
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ + + +
Horizontal Support
Hanging hooks mountedon to the panel
Vertical sub-structuremounted on facade
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The Facade Corporation and its partners within the manufacturing and supply of sub-constructions offer a
wide range of aluminium or galvanized steel solutions used to mount the panels to the load-bearing wall.
DESCRIPTION : The supporting frame normally consists of an angle bracket(1) which
is anchored back to the wall. This bracket then supports the vertical
“T”(2) or “L”(3) profi les which in-turn support the FASSCO panels.
The “T” profi le supports 2 panels and is used behind the vertical joint
between two panels.
The “L” profi le is used as an intermediate profi le for the central part
of the panel.
In the case that galvanized steel is used, the aluminium “T” profi les
becomes an “Omega” profi le(4) and the aluminium “L” profi le becomes
a “Z” profi le(5).
The aluminium support bracket allows the gradual variation of
distance between the load-bearing wall and the rear of the panel.
This forms a cavity through which the air ventilation takes place.
The adjustable brackets also allow to compensate for unevenness
of the building wall.
The position and number of brackets are individually determined for
each project. In general, a minimum pull-out value (per fi xing point)
of 3kN (306kg) is recommended.
In view of the high thermal expansion coeffi cient of aluminium, the
profi les are fi xed by one fi x-point and several sliding points, equivalent
to the principles applied to the FASSCO panel rivet fi xing.
All fi xed points of the profi les on a single panels are located at the
same height, so that stresses from the sub-construction are not
transfered to the panel.
Joints between profi les must coincide with horizontal joints between
panels. A panel is never fi xed to seperate profi le.
See representation 1 opposite.
05 | 1SUB-CONSTRUCTIONSupport Structure
Fix point braket
L or T profileRaincreen panelVentilated cavity
Caivty
Fix point bracketFixation of insulation
Sliding point bracket
Sliding point bracket
23
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CAVITY : The cavity is a primary feature of a Ventilated Facade. It is designed to act
as a pressure cushion and prevents water from reaching the insulation
or backing wall. By ventilating the cavity, moisture that arises from water
passing the facade, moisture migrating from the inner surface of the wall
or condensation will be removed by either evaporation or simply running
down the back of the panel and escaping out and away from the backing
wall.
To protect the openings of the Ventilated Facade from unwanted intruders
such as birds or vermin, a perforated profi le must be installed.
This protects sensitive materials such as insulation, sub-construction and
even the load-bearing wall. It is important to choose the right format of
profi le to not hinder the homogenous ventilation fl ow.
For further information see page 24, 06/01 - Planning Fundamentals.
JOINTS : FASSCO Ventilated Facades do not need to have sealed joints.
Vertical joints are closed for rivet and glue fi xation but remain open for the
ClipFix system. The profi les itself can be covered by a black paint or
(otherwise coloured) PVC tape.
Horizontal joints will usually stay open but can also be closed by a baffl e
system. This is dependend on your design confi gurations.
ADVANTAGES OF OPEN-JOINTS :By keeping the joints between the panels open, the facade becomes wind
permeable. This reduces the applicable wind-load and can be taken into
consideration for the structural calculations.
Open joints also allow for reduction of the depth of the cavity space bet-
ween wall and panels. With open joints silicone sealant is not required and
therefore dirt accumulation and streaking is not a problem.
Furthermore, open joints allow the architect-designer an additional creative
element to be used in the designing process.
Cavity and Joints
05 | 2SUB-CONSTRUCTION
PANEL FIXING OVER TWO SEPERATE PROFILES IS NOT ALLOWED
++++++++
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06 | 1PLANNING FUNDAMENTALSThe following section forms a guide to highlight the complexity and importance of a correct installation to ensure functionability and long service-life of a Ventilated Facade system and panels. The engineering and application of a Ventilated Facade is a highly complex task that requires certifi cation, training and experience to be carried out. We at FASSCO will gladly consult and advise you through your project.
REQUIREMENTS : To ensure a correct dispersion and evaporation of humidity, heat and particles, an appropriate separation
between facade and load-bearing wall needs to be respected. The Ventilates Facade system needs to be
engineered and installed in a way, to allow for a gap, of at least 40mm to exist with 70-80mm being optimal.
The gap is allowed to be reduced of up to 5mm if the load-bearing wall holds irregularities and uneven
areas. To ensure the long lasting functionality of our Ventilated Facade, a ventilation stop needs to be
considered.
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS : The facade panels are to be installed without any constraints.
Changes in form of dimension and shape should not be allowed to cause damage to the
mounting contact points and panels themselves.
The correct and successful installation of the facade elements is achieved, when all drilling holes
of the panel are carried out in accordance with installation plans.
In conjunction, ventilation stops and sub-construction mounts must be drilled larger than those
on the aluminum profi les.
Two fi xing points are used per facade panel element.
In the area of movable joints within the building and installation mounts, the same moving possibilities
need to be allowed. This is obviously also the case for sub-construction elements.
During the installation of panels onto sub-construction elements, no movement constraints are
allowed to appear. These constraints can cause damages during movements or knocks, causing
damage to the fi xing point of the panels.
Minimum distances in accordance with installation plans need to be respected. The maximum
distance between mounting brackets is 800mm.
Installation elements need to be serviced over time. Anchor possibilities for levitating
frameworks and scaffolding need to be considered.
Requirements for assembly:
The geometric assumptions of the static calculations used in the installation plans must be
respected during installation.
WEATHER PROTECTION : The Ventilated Facade ensures permanent protection of buildings from rainfall.
This system is allocated to the highest stress group „strong cloudbursts and downpour“.
Due to this, the Ventilated Facade system is extremely resistant to heavy rainfall. Furthermore, even
in areas of high annual rainfall and high winds, the Ventilated Facade hinders the penetration of
water within the load-bearing wall element.
The effective and appropriate separation of joints plays a great part in the protection of permeability.
Thanks to this, the temperature losses or gains are also reduced and a stabil room climate within the
building can be achieved.
Building elements behind the facade are protected from strong sun radiations (such as IR and
UV) which has an extremel positive effect on the life of the biulding.
25
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VENTILATION BUILDING REQUIREMENTS : The layout creation of a Ventilated Facade allows for an open
joint to be used, with an ideal width of 8-10mm per joint. To create
an aesthetically pleasing and technically functioning facade, this
8-10mm gap must be respected.
Joints under 8mm are not allowed to be applied. Due to these aeration
cross-sections, the functionability of a Ventilated Facade is optimised.
By research results of a renowned testing institute (fvhf.de) and
experience itself, it is shown that the facade with 8-10mm open
joint is fully functioning during cloud bursts.
The majority of the rainwater is dicipated at the surface of the
facade. The minor water that is allowed to penetrate the system and
passes the fi rst layer, is quickly dicipated downwards to the ground.
Thanks to the strong ventilation effects these areas are quickly dried.
The graph represents a facade cross-section with torrential
downpour affecting the system.
SOUND PROOFING : Especially within medical and residential buildings, the Ventilated Facade satisfi es high
expectations as exterior sound insulators.
FASSCO panels on Ventilated Facades improves the sound insulation by up 15db and therefore
add to a homogenous living environment.
FIRE PROTECTION : FASSCO panels are made of high-density fi brecement which belong to the safest exterior facade
constructions. Classifi ed as A2-s1, d0, in accordance to EN13501-1 .
FASSCO Ventilated Facade panels add no fuel for fi re; as long as no fl ammable materials are used
in the installation such as organic insulation materials or wood.
MOUNTING SAFETY : The use of FASSCO’s fi brecement panels in Ventilated Facade systems is only permissible when
the scope of application has undergone a building inspection and a certifi cate is issued.
These certifi cates, in accordance with national norms, standards and laws can only be obtained
by the Facade Corporation.
PROOF OF USABILITY :The FASSCO high-density fi brecement panels are allowed to be used when , properly mounted on
metal sub-constructions in usage for Ventilated Facades, as a non-fl ammable material.
LOAD ACCEPTANCE, CALCULATION VALUES AND MEASUREMENTS : All parts of a facade element in regards to safety need to undergo a proof of usability in regards
to determining the sizes of the panels.
The calculations for bending stress, elasticity modulus and coeffi cient of thermal movements,
a usability certifi cate needs to be issued.
Dowels and anchor channels used for anchoring the sub-construction to the load-bearing wall
can only be permitted by Facade Corporation in accordance with partner engineering offi ces
when the usability has been approved.
The admission of wind-loads for parts of the facade, need to be approved.
Results of torrential rain on ventilated facades
Horizontal and Vertical open joints
Panel format600 x 600 mm
Horizonal and vertical Open joints 8 mm
Cavity 100 mm
Horizontal open joints
Panel format600 x 600 mm
Horizonal and vertical Open joints 8 mm
Cavity 60 mm
0.3%
5.1%94.5%
Rain 100%
0.1%
0.4%
16.6%83.9%
Rain 100%
0.1%
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06 | 2PLANNING FUNDAMENTALS
CALCULATION OF WINDLOAD : The following parameters are taken into consideration for calculation of windload on a building.
- Building shape
- Building height
- Building geometry
- Regional wind-speed
- Terrain category
- Terrain shape
- Elevation above sea level
The nominal windload is multiplied by a safety factor of 1 .5 to obtain the applicable windload for the
calculation of structural fi xing parameters.
REGIONAL WIND SPEED ZONES AND LOADS : The following units serve as indication to explain the principle. The calculation of the detailed fi xing
position and number of fi xing points remains the responsibility of FASSCO‘s facade engineering
partner.
Wind Resources at 65 m
Speed(m/s)
<5.55.5-6.06.0-6.56.5-7. 07.0-7. 57.5-8.08.0-8.58.5-9.09.0-9.5>9.5
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The Thai Ministerial Regulation BE 2527 issued by value of the Building Controle Act BE 2522 defi nes the minimum wind-loads for different heights of buildings.
Number of fi xing points and distance from each other is a function of the windload .
As example: Raincreen panel 2500x1220x8mm, vertical position on vertical profi les.
Wind Pressure (kN/m2) 1.40 3.40 3.40 5.50
Wind Suction (kN/m2) -0.79 -1.48 -4.01 -5.33
Amount of Fixing Points (h x v) 3x4 4x4 4x7 5x7
Distance between horizontal
vertical
595 397 397 298
780 780 390 390
Building Height Min. Wind-load (kN/m2)
Building height not over 10m 0.5
Building height between 10 - 20m 0.5
Building height between 20-40m 1.2
Building height over 40m 1.6
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07 |HIGH-DENSITYFIBRECEMENT
FIBRECEMENT BOARD FORMATION : FASSCO fi brecement panels are manufactured by the Hatschek sheet formation process.
The sheet formation involves the following steps:
The raw material recipe consists of portland cement (OPC), amorphous silica, mineral fi llers, PVA reinforcement
fi bres, cellulose fi bre, polyethylene fi brids, functional additives and water. These raw materials are mixed to
create a slurry.
The fl uid mixture is then supplied to several vats with a number of rotating screen cylinders. These cylinders
pick up the solid matter removing some of the water in the operation. A belt travels over the top surfaces
of the cylinders and picks up a thin layer of fi bre cement formulation from each cylinder. The moving belt
carries the damp material to a forming drum, around which the successive layers are wound until the
required thickness is obtained. Once the desired sheet thickness has been obtained, an automatic cutting
knife built into the forming drum is activated and the “green” raw sheet exits onto a conveyor which subse-
quently transfers it to a stack where the damp sheets are separated with steel plates. The stacked boards
then enter the press, which delivers a high pressure to compact the particles in order to increase density
and to reduce porosity. The pressing step, besides the increase in mechanical properties, provides surface
smoothness.
CURING AND STABILISATION : After pressing the stacked but still fl exible green sheets are kept in heated curing chambers in humid atmo-
sphere. When the chemical reaction of cement with water developed suffi cient strength by creating calcium
silicate hydrate (CSH), the boards can then be de-stacked and piled for further strength development and
fi nal hardening in a protected storage area.
Fibrecement has as porous structure that retains humidity and shrinks during drying. Even after full
strength development the boards still contain a higher amount of humidity than the equilibrium humidi-
ty after installation as Ventilated Facade panels would have. When this initial dry-shrinkage occurs after
installation, the panels can be stressed until they crack and loose integrity.
The boards are therefore stabilised in a heated tunnel by drying close to their equilibrium humidity. Only
after this process step the boards can be cut to fi nal size or coated as facade panels.
Principle of Hatschek process
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PRODUCTION PROCESS OF HIGH-DENSITY FIBRECEMENT SHEETS :
FIBRECEMENT ≠ FIBRECEMENT : The generic term fi brecement describes different products that are designated at different use and
application. There are fi brecement fl oors and lap sidings, ondulated roofi ng sheets and fl at shingles,
internal wall separations and external claddings, fi re protection boards and, fi nally, rainscreen panels for
ventilated facades, such as FASSCO panels.
These products are produced according to different manufacturing technologies. They have different
chemical compositions and different physical properties, but are all called fi brecement.
FASSCO ventilated facade panels are made of so-called HD boards, which stands for high-density.
High-density is obtained by mechanical compression and compaction. The result are fi bre-reinforced cement
boards, characterized by high bending strength, high stiffness, at the same time with a high impact strength.
Due to high density, they have low porosity, low water absorption and low dilatation; all properties that are of
great importance for the „heavy duty“ use in ventilated facades.
The widely used and well-known MD or Medium Density Boards are for general purpose applications. They
are cellulose fi bre-reinforced, but contain little cement, which is transformed to calcium silicates in a
so-called autoclaving process or vapor pressure curing. These boards cannot be used as rainscreen panels
in ventilated facades due to several inferior properties, such as high porosity, high water absorption and
high dilatation, that altogether lead to insuffi cient stiffness and rivet and anchor fi xing strength in order to
resist wind-load forces on facades of high rise buildings.
Reinforcement fibre
Cement
Water
Fibre Cocktail
Sheet formation Cutting table Press Fibre Cement boards
Cement Mixer Homogeniser
Process fibre
water
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08 | 1HANDLING AND TOOLS
HEALTH AND SAFETY : The Facade Corporation strongly recommends to use tools with dust collection for drilling and
cutting the panels. Protection has to be foreseen to avoid inhaling fi ne cutting dust. A Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) is available, which outlines any hazards associated with working with panels and
measures to minimise the risk.
STORAGE AND HANDLING : All panel materials must be transported and stored fl at on pallets, inside and under cover in dry
conditions, protected from weather and other infl uences. The pallets have to be stacked in a way that
they are aerated and ventilated without condensation on or inside the stacks. If moisture or capillary
water penetrates between the stored sheets permanent surface staining may occur.
FASSCO panels are supplied with protective sheet covering the coated faces. This protection may be
removed for cutting and drilling purposes, but has to be replaced for storage, handling and trans-
portation. The panels should be stacked front-face to front-face or rear-to-rear surface.
Stacks should always be transported on pallets under a water-proof cover. Individual panels and pallet pan-
els have to be lifted off each other for de-piling. Sliding them over each other may lead to scratching marks
on the coated surface. When posing the panel, care has to be taken that the front surface and front edge is
well protected and cannot be damaged. It is recommended to wear textile gloves when handling the panels.
When off-loading individual panels, lift off the mounts and do not drag. This will scratch the decorative
coating and lead to integral damage.
+
+
+
+
+
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CLEANING THE PANELS : Cutting or drilling dust can permanently stain the coated surface of the panels. All dry dust has to be
removed with a micro-fi bre cloth or when needed, with a soft brush and water.
CLEANING THE PANELS : Dust, soot, oils, greasy substances, rainwater etc. are present in the air and can be deposited on a
facade. Local soiling and runs can be avoided through considerate design and application. All faca-
des should be inspected regularly and if necessary serviced. Cleaning is required when the building’s
continuous and attractive appearance suffered from soiling.
Cleaning of the facade has to be performed of the entire surface, because partial cleaning can re-
sult in colour tonal differences. Normal stains can be removed with a sponge and water. Detergents
may be needed in certain cases. Cleaning must always take place in accordance with recommen-
dations of the supplier of the cleaning products. Abrasive materials such as scourers, steel wool etc.
must not be used as they leave irreparable scratches on the surface.
A pressure washer can be used in certain circumstances to remove more stubborn stains. A pressure
rating of 20-30 Bar is generally advised. The nozzle must remain at all times, 60cm away from the
surface in order to avoid damage of the coating.
Cleaning from Graffi
CLEANING FROM GRAFFITI : The easy-to-clean resin coating on all of FASSCOs products, provides superior protection against
common colours and spray paints. It is chemically resistant, smooth and cleanable. Graffi ti can be
removed with dedicated graffi ti removers, the cleaning instructions of the supplier have to carefully
be respected. Cleaners with volatile solvents should not be used.
32
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08 | 2HANDLING AND TOOLS
TOOLS AND ACCESORIES : Most of the preparation in regards to formatting and drilling of panels is done in the FASSCO factory.
Certain tasks can and need to be performed on-site such as for the preparation of special formats,
for placing the panels around windows frames.
Panels are normally placed face-up and cutting is done from the front side. It is important that the
work bench has a clean and soft material cover to prevent scratching of the decorative surface
coating.
Depending on the chosen fi xing system, the necessary tools and accessories are represented below.
All tools have been specially designed for fi brecement and when correctly used, result in a high-level
of fi nish and long service life.
Please contact your representative to receive samples or place orders of our tools and accesories.
Cutting and preparation:
1 . Hard metal fi brecement sawing blade (art:01 .001.18)
2. Fibrecement hard metal drillbits (11mm) (art:01 .002.18)
Fixing Methods - Rivet
3. Rivet 4mm - coated to your panels colour (art:02.001.18)
4. Centralising tool 4.1 mm (art:02.002.18)
5. Rivet setting tool (art:02.003.18)
6. Rivet gun (art:02.003.18)
Fixing Methods - Glue
7. Sanding machine - to prepare back-side of the panel (art:03.001.18)
8. Double sided adhesive tape (art:03.002.18)
9. Panel adhesive (art:03.003.18)
Fixing Methods - ClipFix
10. Undercut anchor (art:04.001.18)
11. Hanging hook (art:04.002.18)
Sub-construction
12. Angle Brackets (art05.001.18)
13. L-Profi le (art:05.002.18)
14. T-Profi le (art:05.003.18)
15. Omega-Profi le (art:05.004.18)
16. Z-Profi le (art:05.005.18)
17. Jointing baffl e system (art:05.006.18)
18. PVC profi le cover (art:05.007.18)
33
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Reference
1 : Department of Public work and Town & Country Planning. (2007). Wind Loading Calculation and
Response of Buildings [Abstract]. DPT Standard 1311-50, 1311(50), 50-51. Retrieved from
http://www.ldd.go.th/web_egd/KM_Bureau/KM%20WindCode.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2018]
2. Merkmale der VHF - FVHF.de. 2018. Merkmale der VHF - FVHF.de. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://www.fvhf.de/Fassade/VHF-System/Merkmale.php. [Accessed 19 February 2018].
3. EN12467 Fibrecement fl atsheets - Product specifi cation and test methods.
4. EN13501-1Fire classifi cation of construction products.
9 | REFERENCES AND CONTACT
Disclaimer
The information given in this product and installation guide refl ects the latest data available at the
time of publishing.
We reserve the right to change as a result of continuous process and system developments.
For specifi c applications please contact our technical and sales department:
Contact
FASSCO Sales Department
FACADE CORPORATION CO., LTD.
NO. 23 SOI PRADIPAT 6, PRADIPAT ROAD,
PHAYATHAI, PHAYATHAI, BANGKOK 10400
IMPRESSUM:
FACADE CORPORATION CO., LTD.
NO. 23 SOI PRADIPAT 6, PRADIPAT ROAD,
PHAYATHAI, PHAYATHAI, BANGKOK 10400
TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NO:
0105560190216
COMPANY NUMBER: 0105560190216
EDITION: V.02
CLP shield
Non Fungal & Easy to clean
PROTECTION
Non-combustible Water impermeable
Sound insulator UV resistance Strong & Durable
35
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