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Scientific Notation
Way to simplify BIG and small numbers
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Scientific Notation Coefficient x 10 exponent
602000000000000000000000 can be
6.02 x 1023
exponentcoefficient
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Scientific Notation Coefficient x 10 exponent
Coefficient MUST be between 1 and 9
Exponent can be either positive or negative+ exponent large # (> 1)- exponent small # (< 1)
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Scientific Notation
Convert the following into of scientific notation
35893 = ____________3.5893 x 104
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Your turn!
0.00548 = ___________
10.25 = ___________
5.48 x 10-3
1.025 x 101
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Scientific Notation
Convert the following out of scientific notation
2.579 x 104 = ________25790
8.647 x 10-5 = ________0.00008647
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Put into Scientific Notation
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Put INTO Sci. Not.
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Convert out of Sci.Not.
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Dimensional Analysis
Used to convert between unitsYou need to use a conversion factor
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Conversion Factor
Ratio equal to “1” Contains the unit that you currently have (given in problem) and the unit that you want to convert to
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Examples:
12 inches = 1 foot
60 seconds = 1 minute
12 inches1 foot 12 inches
1 footOR
60 seconds1 minute 60 seconds
1 minuteOR
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Dimensional Analysis Conversion
Unit thatyou have
Unit thatyou have
Unit that you want
=Unit thatYou want
X
T-diagramConversionFactor
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Single-step conversions
30 seconds = ? minutes
30 seconds
60 seconds
1 minute= 0.5 minute
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Example
How many inches are in 3.7 feet? (12 inches = 1 ft)3.7 ft
1 ft
12 in = 44 in
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Multi-Step ConversionThe conversion factor does NOT contain both the unit that you have and the unit that you want.
The unit conversion requires multiple (more than one) steps.
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Example How many Liters are there in 8.2 quarts?
8.2 qt 32 oz
1 qt=
Conversion factors:1 qt = 32 oz1 qt = .94 Liters
32 oz
.94 L
= 7.71 Liters
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You can do this!How many minutes are in 2 days?
(given) 2 days
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You can do this!How many minutes are in 2 days?
(given) 2 days
(given) 1 day
24 hours
1 hour
60 minutes
= 2880 minutes
BUT… since there is only 1 digit in the given, there can only be 1 digit in the answer so…
= 3,000 minutes
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Examples
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Last one smarty pants!How many seconds are in 2 decades?
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Last one smarty pants!How many seconds are in 2 decades?
2 decades
1 day1 year1 decade
24 hours365.25 days
10 years
1 minute1 hour
60 seconds
60 minutes
= 631,152,000 secondsBUT… since there is only 1 digit in the given, there
can only be 1 digit in the answer so…= 600,000,000
secondsNow in scientific notation… = 6 x 108 seconds
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The Fundamental SI Units (le Système International, SI)
Physical Quantity Name Abbreviation
Mass kilogram kg
Length meter m
Time second s
Temperature Kelvin K
Electric Current Ampere A
Amount of Substance
mole mol
Luminous Intensity candela cd
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SI PrefixesCommon to Chemistry
Prefix Unit Abbr. Exponent
Kilo k 103
Deci d 10-1
Centi c 10-2
Milli m 10-3
Micro 10-6
Nano n 10-9