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Semantic WebWeb Semantica
Por: Jorge Mario Calvo L.
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“Escritores colombianos nacidos antes de 1900”
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“Ciudades con una altura superior de 2600 mts y mas de 2 millones de habitantes”
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Tim Berners-Lee's original World Wide Web browser. http://info.cern.ch/NextBrowser.html
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The Evolution of the Web.http://www.evolutionoftheweb.com/?hl=en
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Scientific American Magazine May 2001 Issue.http://www.scientificamerican.com/magazine/sa/2001/05-01/
“A new form of Web content that is meaningful to computers will unleash a revolution of new possibilities”By Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila
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Semantic Web o Web Semántica
La Web con significado
La Web que es capaz describir las cosas de tal forma que un software las pueda entender
Relación de datos y cosas y no solo de páginas
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Semantic Web o Web Semántica
Una extensión de la Web actual, no es un remplazo
Infraestructura basada en metadatos que permite el razonamiento en la Web
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¿Qué es Metadata?• Datos que describen datos:• Sintaxis• Semántica
ActualHTML, XML, BDR,Word, Excel, email
NuevoRDF, RDFS, RDFa, Dublin Core, SKOS,OWL, FOAF…...
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W3C Semantic Web
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RDF Resource Description Framework
Modela la metadata como un grafo de relaciones (de cualquier tipo)
Uso de URI para identificar todo
La Web como una gran base datos
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RDF Statements: Tripletas RDF
El autor de la presentación es Jorge Mario Calvo
Sujeto Predicado Objeto Perspectiva Lingüística
Recurso Propiedad Valor Perspectiva Técnica de Base de Datos
Todo identificable con una URI.La Web como una gran base datos
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RDF Statements: Tripletas RDF
http://....../semanticweb http://....../jorgemariocalvohttp://......./author
<http://....../semanticweb><http://......./author><http://....../jorgemariocalvo>
N-Triples
<?xml version="1.0"?><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf=“http://..../-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <rdf:Description rdf:about=" http://....../semanticweb "> < http://......./author > http://....../jorgemariocalvo </ http://......./author > </rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
Formas de Serializarlo
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The Next Web: Tim Berners Lee en TED
http://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_on_the_next_web
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W3C Semantic Web
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Ontologías y OWL
The subject of ontology is the study of the categories of things that exist or may exist in some domain. http://www.jfsowa.com/ontology/index.htm
Ontology is the philosophical study of the nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations. Parmenideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology
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W3C-OWL
• Representación del Conocimiento• Formalismos Lógico• DL, PL, FOL
• W3C-OWL• Lenguaje basado en RDF• Darle semántica al grafo, dependiendo del dominio
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Mas Elementos
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“Escritores colombianos nacidos antes de 1900”
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SPARQL
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/> SELECT ?name ?birth ?description ?person WHERE { ?person dbo:birthPlace :Colombia. ?person <http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Colombian_writers> . ?person dbo:birthDate ?birth . ?person foaf:name ?name . ?person rdfs:comment ?description . FILTER (?birth < "1900-01-01"^^xsd:date). FILTER (LANG(?description) = 'en') . } ORDER BY ?name
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http://www.zdnet.com/blog/web2explorer/a-simple-picture-of-web-evolution/408
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Open Data
Linked Data
Luego de ser aprobada por el Congreso de la República y revisada por la Corte Constitucional, el presidente Juan Manuel Santos acaba de sancionar la Ley de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública
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203 datasets ( 25 billones de tripletas RDF)395 millones enlaces (Sept. 2010).Dominios: Media, Geographic, Government (42,09 %), Publications, Cross-domain, Life sciences, etc. (Ago. 2011).393 datasets (Jun. 2012).
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