Download - Semester 1, Day 3
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Semester 1, Day 3
Cell Membrane, ER, and Golgi
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Agenda Turn in Chapter 7 Responses Cells Quiz Review Macromolecules Quiz Plasma Membrane, ER, Golgi Lecture 4 Min Break Reading/Work Time
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Homework If you have not already shown me yesterday’s
work, please turn in your responses to Chapter 7.
Please show me your book if you took one home yesterday
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Cells Quiz Word bank for all cells Not all words will be used for each cell Question #3. Add “peroxisome” to word bank
Silently complete quiz Place facedown when finished All will be collected when everyone is finished
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Review Macromolecules Quiz
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane All cells (pro & eu) have a plasma/cell
membrane!
Recall:
ProtonsElectronsNeutrons
Atoms Molecules Monomers Macromolecules/Polymers
Cells Organisms
Chemistry Biology
Found in
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane
Zoom-In
Cell
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell MembraneExtracellular Fluid (Outside Cell)
Cytoplasm (Inside Cell)
Cholesterol
Protein
Phospholipid Bilayer
Lipid
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Carbohydrate
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model
Phospholipids: Structure, liquid-y Proteins: Transport across membrane Carbohydrates: Signaling Cholesterols: Stability
“Moving”“Many parts”
Macromolecules!(no nucleic acids)
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Semi-permeable membrane
Allows small molecules through,but not larger molecules
Plasma membrane is semi-permeable Regulates what can/cannot enter/exit the cell.
Phospholipid Bilayer: main portion of membrane
“Partially”“Passable”
“Two”
PhospholipidHydrophobic ( water)
Hydrophilic ( water)
2 layers (“bi” layer)
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Mini-Lesson: Concentration Amount of solute in solvent Example: 6 grams sugar in 2 liters water
Importance? Molecules want to move from high [ ] to low [ ] Imagine:
Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane
Concentration =SoluteSolvent
=6 g sugar2 L water
**Symbol for Concentration: [ ]
[sugar] = 3 g/L
Solvent Solute
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration & semi-permeability are
important to the plasma membrane!! Number One: Diffusion
Diagram Source: http://arditobook.pbworks.com/w/page/11348839/Diffusion
Equal [ ]
Small Molecule
**If small molecule is water = OSMOSIS!
Type of Diffusion
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration & semi-permeability are
important to the plasma membrane!! (cont.) Number Two: Facilitated Diffusion
Diagram Source: http://spmbiology403.blogspot.com/2008/08/passive-transport-facilitated-diffusion.html
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Channel Protein Carrier Protein
High [ ]
Low [ ]
LargerMolecules
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Diffusion vs. Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion through phospholipid bilayer Facilitated diffusion through protein (channel OR
carrier) Both go from HIGH [ ] to LOW [ ]
Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont. x2) Number Three: Cell Membrane Pump
High [K+]
Low [K+]
High[Na+]
Low [Na+]
Diagram Source: http://cosbiology.pbworks.com/w/page/11556267/Lesson%207-02%20Nerve%20Impulse
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane ATP: Energy!
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
(Adenosine Diphosphate)
(Phosphate)
Image Source (ATP): http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectf03am/ATP02a.jpgImage Source (Reaction): http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/energy/metabo13.gif
ATP Structure
ATP Reaction
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Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane Gradient: High [ ] to Low [ ]
Passive Transport: Goes w/ gradient, requires NO energy
Active Transport: Goes against gradient, REQUIRES energy Membrane
Transport
Passive Transport
Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Active Transport
Cell Membrane
Pump? ?
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Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a semi-
permeable membrane
Image Source: http://course1.winona.edu/sberg/ILLUST/fig8-10.GIF
BeforeAfter
[C6H12O6] lower“Hypotonic”
[C6H12O6] higher“Hypertonic”
[C6H12O6] equal“Isotonic”
More water
Less waterZoom In
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Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell MembraneCells in isotonic Solution
Cells in hypertonic solution
Cells in hypotonic solution
Normal Shape
Shriveled Shape
Inflated Shape
Image Source: http://mywellnesswarehouse.com/Images/Interior/Isotonic/HypertonicIsotonicHypto.gif
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Cell Parts: Protein Synthesis DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid):
“Master blueprint”, genetic code
Prokaryotic: DNA in nucleoid
Eukaryotic: DNA in nucleus
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Cell Parts: Protein Synthesis Transcription & Translation: DNA
instructs the synthesis of a protein.
1. Nucleolus synthesizes ribosome
2. Ribosome attaches to rough E.R.
3. RNA copies DNA (Transcription)
4. RNA travels through nuclear pore to
ribosome
5. Ribosome decodes RNA into a protein
(Translation)
6. Protein travels through rough E.R. to fold
into a complex 3D shape
7. Protein travels to Golgi where it is
packaged into a vesicle
8. Vesicle travels to plasma membrane & is
secreted through exocytosisImage Source: http://partsofthecell.blogspot.com/2012/09/golgi-apparatus.html
Nucleus Nuclear Pore
RNA
DNA
Rough E.R.
Ribosome
Nucleolus
Golgi Body
Plasma Membrane
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Cell Parts: Protein Secretion Vesicles containing proteins are not
transported across the cell membrane by previously learned mechanisms.
Membrane Transport
Passive Transport
Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Active Transport
Cell Membrane
Pump
Endocytosis
NEW!
ExocytosisNEW!
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Cell Parts: Protein Secretion
Image Source: http://karimedalla.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/i60_0322.jpg
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
“Outside”
“Inside”
**Protein particles are secreted through EXOCYTOSIS. - Example: Hormones to communicate w/ body
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Reading/Work Time Cornell Notes on Section 7.2, 7.3, and 8.1 Answer questions at end of each section