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M. Balinga, J. Groves and T. Sunderland
CONSERVATION AND LIVELIHOODS LINKAGES IN AFRICA:
PROVIDING TOOLS FOR MANAGING TRANSBOUNDARY
BIODIVERSITY IN THE UPPER GUINEA FORESTS
C3/C5 Meeting, 11th – 15th March, Bogor
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BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THE MANO RIVER UNION
Strategic Orientation:
• Consultative meeting of experts from the MRU States held in June 2007 in Freetown, Sierra Leone
• Reaffirmed the need and dedication of member States to collaborate and develop a sub-regional approach to address issues related to the transboundary management of protected areas and resources
• Identified five priority transboundary sites for implementation of collaborative management of biodiversity
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BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THE MANO RIVER UNION
Strategic Orientation: • The Outamba-Kilimi National Park in Sierra Leone, and the
Madina Oula and Ourekaba Forests in the Republic of Guinea;
• The Gola National Forest in Liberia and the Gola Forest in Sierra Leone;
• The North Loma National Forest and Wenequezi in Liberia, and Ziama in Guinea;
• Mount Nimba in Guinea and Ivory Coast and Nimba Nature Reserve in Liberia.
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BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THE MANO RIVER UNION
Operational Constraints: • Limited funds and resources allocated for operational
management and dialogue processes
• Differences in management strategies, resources and outputs
• Differences in policies and governance frameworks
• Lack of technical capacity, tools and data for decision making despite political will
• Inadequate information on status and threats to biodiversity, constraints and management issues including linkages to livelihoods.
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INFORMING THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS
Research Activity:
• ICRAF & CIFOR (LAMIL project) established that building livelihoods considerations into forest co-mgt produces positive outcomes for conservation (2005 – 2009).
• Assessing the population status and conservation threats to chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) and other mammal populations in the Madina oula, Pensely and Soya forests of Southern Guinea
• Funded by: USFWS, CIFOR, USFS-STEWARD • Focus on: Capacity building, biodiversity monitoring,
knowledge sharing with decision makers • Tools: Workshops, line transects, interviews (hunters;
policy makers)
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GUINEA SIERRA LEONE TRANSBOUNDARY PARK
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DRAFT GAZETTEMENT PLAN AT DNEF
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LAND USE ANALYSIS OF GAZETTEMENT PLAN
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LAND USE ANALYSIS OF GAZETTEMENT PLAN
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LAND USE ANALYSIS OF GAZETTEMENT PLAN
Planned Railway line for Rio Tinto cutting across the Conservation area.
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BIOPHYSICAL DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Research Questions
• What are the distribution and relative population sizes of wildlife populations across the target landscape?
• What are the levels of threat and underlying / explanatory factors to the observed status.
• What are the consequent management priorities and implications for design of zoning process?
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BIOPHYSICAL DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Distribution of High Conservation Value Spp.
No
.
Species IUCN
Status
Distribution
1 Pan troglodytes
verus
EN Bas Tamisso, Haut Tamisso, Pensely
and Soyah
2 Piliocolobus
badius
EN Bas Tamisso
3 Papio papio NT Haut Tamisso, Pensely and Soyah
4 Pantera pardus NT Bas Tamisso
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DISCUSSION
• Threats to wildlife populations, comprised commercial hunting, habitat loss & fragmentation linked to livelihood activities.
• Conservation status significantly affected by: • Demographic / livelihood pressure
• Official status (e.g. gazettement)
• Existing management and institutional capacity
• Accessibility and proximity to urban centers / markets
• Draft gazettement plan is not realistic based on these parameters
• Industrial and economic development are driving change and constitute major threats to biodiversity
• What trade-offs needed and what evidence?
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CONCLUSIONS
• Need to adopt an evidence based approach to decision making for integrating conservation and livelihood development.
• Complementary studies required to understand demographics, livelihoods, institutions and governance context.
• Integrating landscape and participatory NRM approaches in the planning process should be key to finding a way forward.
• Developing innovative tools and models for sustainable landscape co-management that provide optimum benefits to ecosystems and people (REDD+ / PES ??)
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To achieve conservation and livelihood linkages in Africa we need to consider the question: which stakeholder wants to
conserve what and for what purpose?