Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Port Capacity Versus Port Safety
byR. Groenveld
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Methodology
Traffic flow simulationmodel
HARBOURSIM
Data entrance ,dwelll times berths,
departure times
SHIPRISK model
Data number ofpotential encountersper category and per
location
Estimation number ofcasualties per category
per location
Historicaldata
casulaties
Estimation nautical riskHistorical data
damage costs percasulty category
Dataportconfiguration
and trafiiccharacteristics
Nautical risk percasulty type
Step 1 Estimationnumber
encounters
Step 2Estimation number
of casualties
Step 3Estimation
nautical risks
Manoeuvring simulationmodels
model Navigator
TrafficRules
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Safety and Capacity Studies
• Manoeuvring simulation study - dimensions wet area and - the
accompanying ship traffic rules • Traffic flow simulation study -
estimation wet infrastructure capacity
- number of berths • Ship Risk model -
determines the number of encounters -and with historical data the number of casualties
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Gulf of Venezuela
Tablazo Bay
project location
Figure 1 Project Location
San Bernardo
Zapara
Puerto America, Venezuela
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004 Site Puerto America
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
1
3
42
5
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Figure 10. Track plot of tanker arrival in deep water port
Berthing Manoeuvre in the deep water portRESULTS:
-Safe interval times
-Blockage times of TB
-Berthing and deberthing times
-
Manoeuvring Simulation Model
VESSEL:
Cape size crude tanker
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Model HarboursimInput: Random arrivals of the different ship types, traffic rules, dwell times, sailing times etc.
Simulation: Ship traffic through the port
Output: Entrance time and departure time from the terminal, waiting times of the vessels, satisfying: 1. The traffic rules 2. Availability of a berth 3. Tidal conditions
4. Etc
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Oil terminal, 4 berths, terminal 1SHIPTYPE OIL1 OIL2 OIL3 OIL 4 OIL 5 OIL6DWT range 5000-35000 35000-84000 65000-97500 95000-138750 125000-168750 145000-198750
SERVT [h] 8.0 15.9 20.3 19.6 23.4 26.5
number 205 208 154 106 85 72
i.a.t [min] 2564 2527 3413 4958 6184 7300
Coal terminal, 2 berths, terminal 3SHIPTYPE COAL 7 COAL8DWT range 5000-35000 121500-185625
SERVT [h] 6.7 39.1
number 80 141
i.a.t [min] 6570 3728
Petro chemical terminal, 1 berth, terminal 2SHIPTYPE PETRO 9 PETRO10DWT range 5000-30000 30000-50000
SERVT [h] 7.5 12.0
number 98 143
i.a.t [min] 5363 3676
Boundary conditions, Puerto America 2015, 54 ft channel
Traffic volume 2015, 54 ft channel
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Configuration Traffic Flow Simulation Model
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Major Components Shiprisk• Component Task• Main Initialises the model• Ship Describes the process of
the ship• Generator Generates the individual vessels
according to output from the traffic flow simulation model.
• VTS Controls the distances between the vessels
• Encounters A data component , provides the data of each potential encounter
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
head-head
crossing
crossing
radius 0,5 nautical mile
ENCOUNTER DEFINITION
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Number accidents per 106 encounters (registered in the Straight of Dover)
Visibility Typeencounter
Accidents
head-head 6.2
crossing 4.9
Good
overtake 6.2
head-head 88
crossing 14
Foggyvisibility<1500m
overtake 90
head - head 290
crossing 630
Heavy Fogvisibility<500m
overtake 350
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Model Shiprisk
WP1
WP2 WP 3
ship trackWP 4
Starting point
Figure 1 Lateral distribution ship position in the channel
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
1
3
42
5
System Puerto America
Section 1
Section5
Section 7
Section 3Section
2
Term 1 Term. 2Term.1 Term. 2
Term. 3
Situation Puerto America
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
No Traffic RulesNumber encounters 870
No encounters allowed in the mooring basinsNumber encounters 783
No encounters allowed in the turning basin and mooringsbasins
Number encounters 711
mooring basin oil andpetr.
turningbasin
mooringbasin coal
No encounters allowed in the turning basin, mooringsbasins and restricted encounters in the approach channel
Number encounters 313
mooring basin oil andpetr.
turningbasin
mooringbasin coal
Encounter densities, Puerto America
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
traffic rules in:
0
50
100
150
200
Oil_
1
Oil_
2
Oil_
3
Oil_
4
Oil_
5
Oil_
6
wai
tin
g t
imes
[m
in]
no rules
mooring areas
mooring, turning areas
mooring, turning areas andapproach
Waiting times versus traffic rules
Seminar Buenos Aires, 2004
Some conclusions and recommendations
The model 'SHIPRISK' provides a quick insight of the nautical risks
More prototype information should come available with respect to encounter frequencies
More data on vessel behaviour depending on infrastructural conditions, environmental conditions, and traffic loads should be collected for a statistical description of vessels tracks