Download - Seminar Report on Amoled Technology
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AMOLED DISPLAY
Submitted by:
Ranjana upadhayay
Anjali singh
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CONTENT
Introduction History Components
Principle and Working Applications and future prospects Advantages
Disadvantages Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
Active-Matrix OLED (Active-matrix organic light-
emitting diode or AMOLED) is a display technology .
AMOLED is type of OLED .
OLED describes specific type of thin displaytechnology and Active-Matrix refers to the technology
behind the addressing of pixels.
An OLED is any LED whose emissive
electroluminescent layer comprises a film of organic
compounds
The layer usually contains a polymer substance that
allows suitable organic compounds to be deposited.
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They are deposited in rows and columns onto a flatcarrier by a simple printing process.
The resulting matrix of pixels can emit light of differentcolors.
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HISTORY
The first EL from a an organic molecule, anthracene,was reported by Pope and coworkers in 1963 . Itsthickness was between 10m-5mm when a bias ofseveral hundred volts was applied across it.
P. S. Vincent achieved bright blue EL from vacuum-deposited 0.6m thick anthracene crystal films with anapplied bias of less than 100V.
The breakthrough was achieved by Tang and VanSlykein 1987, who made a bilayer structure by thermallyevaporating the small molecular weight organic
materials. In 1989, Tang developed a laser-dye doped Alq3
multilayer structure ,in which the fluorescent efficiencywas improved and the emission color varied from theoriginal green to the dopant emission color.
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M. A. Baldo fabricated and demonstrated
phosphorescent OLEDs , by doping phosphorescent
molecules, where the EL is due to triplet emission, into
a fluorescent host layer
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AMOLED COMPONENT
Cathode - The Top Layer is the
Cathode layer made of tungsten
releases electrons when current
is run through it.
Emissive layer - Itis layermade of organic plastic molecules
& removes electrons from the
cathode layer to make light.
Conducting layer - This layer ismade of organic plastic molecules
that transport "holes" from the anode.
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Anode -Anode Layer that consist of removing and
adding electron holes while the current is running
through it and is made from graphite particles
Substrate (clear plastic, glass) -The substrate supports
the OLED.
TFT-AMOLED Consist of TFT
beneath the anode that controls the
pixel display.
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PRINCIPLE
A typical AMOLED is composed of a layer of organic
materials situated between two electrodes, the anode
and cathode.
Organic material are semiconductor.
The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular
orbital (HOMO and LUMO) of organic semiconductors
are analogous to the valence and conduction bands of
inorganic semiconductors.
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When anode is positive with respect to the cathode. A
current of electrons flows through the device from
cathode to anode, as electrons are injected into the
LUMO of the organic layer at the cathode andwithdrawn from the HOMO at the anode.
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WORKING
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ADDRESSING OF DISPLAY
(Active matrix)
Place transistorat each pixel
Selected pixel
will be on untiltransistor isrefreshed
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APPLICATIONS
Cellular/mobile phones
MP3 players
Digital cameras
Windows that light-up atdark
AMOLED TV
TABLET PC
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FUTURE PROSPECTS
Curved AMOLED
displays
Wearable AMOLEDs
Transparent AMOLEDsembedded in windows
AMOLEDs in car
windshields
Realizing Conceptmodels of various
mobile devices
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ADVANTAGES
Thinner ,lighter and flexible
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Higher contrast ratio andsun readability
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Large viewing angle
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Faster response
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Brightness
Less Power consumption
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DISADVANTAGES
LifetimeManufacturing
Susceptible to Water
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CONCLUSION
Limited use caused by degradation of materials.
OLED will replace current LED and LCDtechnologies
Expensive Flexibility and thinness will enable many
applications
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THANK YOU