4/5/3 1 P.T.O.
narjmWu H$moS >H$mo CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ _wI-n¥ð >na Adí` {bIo§ &
Series JMS/5 H$moS> Z§. Code No.
amob Z§. Roll No.
{hÝXr
HINDI
(nmR²>`H«$_ ~) (Course B)
{ZYm©[aV g_` : 3 KÊQ>o A{YH$V_ A§H$ : 80
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80
gm_mÝ` {ZX}e :
(i) Bg àíZ-nÌ _| Mma IÊS> h¢ – H$, I, J Am¡a K &
(ii) Mmam| IÊS>m| Ho$ àíZm| Ho$ CÎma XoZm A{Zdm`© h¡ &
(iii) `Wmg §^d àË`oH$ IÊS> Ho$ CÎma H«$_e… Xr{OE &
H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _o§ _w{ÐV n¥ð> 7 h¢ & àíZ-nÌ _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE H$moS >Zå~a H$mo N>mÌ CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ _wI-n¥ð> na
{bI| &
H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _| >17 àíZ h¢ & H¥$n`m àíZ H$m CÎma {bIZm ewê$ H$aZo go nhbo, àíZ H$m H«$_m§H$ Adí` {bI| &
Bg àíZ-nÌ H$mo n‹T>Zo Ho$ {bE 15 {_ZQ >H$m g_` {X`m J`m h¡ & àíZ-nÌ H$m {dVaU nydm©• _| 10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>mÌ Ho$db àíZ-nÌ H$mo n‹T>|Jo Am¡a Bg Ad{Y Ho$ Xm¡amZ do CÎma-nwpñVH$m na H$moB© CÎma Zht {bI|Jo &
SET-3
4/5/3
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Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
4/5/3 2
IÊS>> H$
1. {ZåZ{b{IV JÚm§e H$mo Ü`mZnyd©H$ n‹T>H$a nyN>o JE àíZm| Ho$ CÎma {b{IE :
IZZ Ho$ Cnam§V IXmZm| dmbo ñWmZm| H$mo Jhar ImB`m| Am¡a _b~o Ho$ gmW Iwbm N>mo‹S> {X`m OmVm h¡ & IZZ Ho$ H$maU PmaI§S>, N>ÎmrgJ‹T>, _Ü` àXoe Am¡a C‹S>rgm O¡go amÁ`m| _| dZmoÝ_ybZ ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU H$m H$maU ~Zm h¡ & JwOamV, amOñWmZ, _Ü` àXoe Am¡a _hmamîQ´> _| A{V newMmaU ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU H$m _w»` H$maU h¡ & n§Om~, h[a`mUm Am¡a npíM_r CÎma àXoe O¡go amÁ`m| _| A{YH$ qgMmB© ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU Ho$ {bE CÎmaXm`r h¡ & A{V qgMZ go CËnÞ ObmH«$m§VVm ^r ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU Ho$ {bE CÎmaXm`r h¡ {Oggo _¥Xm _| bdUr`Vm Am¡a jmar`Vm ~‹T> OmVr h¡ & I{ZO à{H«$`mE± O¡go gr_|Q> CÚmoJ _| MyZm nËWa H$mo nrgZm Am¡a _¥Xm ~V©Z CÚmoJ _| MyZo (I{‹S>`m _¥Xm) Am¡a gobI‹S>r Ho$ à`moJ go ~hþV A{YH$ _mÌm _| dm`w_§S>b _| Yyb {dg{O©V hmoVr h¡ & O~ BgH$s naV ^y{_ na O_ OmVr h¡ Vmo _¥Xm H$s Ob gmoIZo H$s à{H«$`m AdéÕ hmo OmVr h¡ & {nN>bo Hw$N> dfm] go Xoe Ho$ {d{^Þ ^mJm| _| Am¡Úmo{JH$ Ob {ZH$mg go ~mha AmZo dmbm An{eîQ> nXmW© ^y{_ Am¡a Ob àXÿfU H$m _w»` òmoV h¡ &
^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU H$s g_ñ`mAm| H$mo gwbPmZo Ho$ H$B© VarHo$ h¢ & dZmamonU Am¡a MamJmhm| H$m C{MV à~§YZ Bg_| Hw$N> hX VH$ _XX H$a gH$Vo h¢ & no‹S>m| H$s ajH$ _oIbm, newMmaU {Z §ÌU Am¡a aoVrbo Q>rbm| H$mo H$m±Q>oXma Pm{‹S>`m± bJmH$a pñWa ~ZmZo H$s à{H«$`m go ^r ^y{_ H$Q>md H$s amoH$Wm_ H$s Om gH$Vr h¡ & ~§Oa ^y{_ Ho$ C{MV à~§YZ, IZZ {Z §ÌU Am¡a Am¡Úmo{JH$ Ob H$mo n[aîH$aU Ho$ níMmV {dg{O©V H$aHo$ Ob Am¡a y{_ àXÿfU H$mo H$_ {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡ & (H$) ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU Ho$ Š`m-Š`m H$maU ~VmE JE h¢ ? 2 (I) IZZ H$m`© {H$g àH$ma {ZåZrH$aU H$m H$maU ~ZVm h¡ ? 2 (J) MyZm Am¡a gobI‹S>r go Š`m Xþîà^md hmoVm h¡ ? 2 (K) ^y{_ {ZåZrH$aU H$s g_ñ`m Ho$ Š`m g_mYmZ hmo gH$Vo h¢ ? 2 (L>) Cn w©º$ AdVaU Ho$ {bE EH$ Cn`wº$ erf©H$ Xr{OE & 1
2. {ZåZ{b{IV H$mì`m§e H$mo Ü`mZnyd©H$ n‹T>H$a nyN>o JE àíZm| Ho$ CÎma {b{IE : 23=6
Xoe `h d§XZr` _oam, Yam A{^Z§XZr` _oar ! Z_Z ha KmQ>r H$mo _oam, Z_Z Bg _mQ>r H$mo _oam ! `hm± hmoVm {ZV ñdU© à^mV, {dh±gH$a {Ib| H$br gwHw$_ma, AéU {H$aUm| go My_ H$nmob, {XdmH$a XoVm {OÝh| Xþbma & àmV Ho$ àhar JmVo JrV, e§I, K§Q>m| H$s gwZ P§H$ma, AOm±, JwéJ«§W, doX H$m nmR>, H$a| _§{Xa-_pñOX-JwéÛma & g^r H$m Aëbm-B©ída EH$, EH$ g~ hr H$m h¡ B©_mZ,
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4/5/3 3 P.T.O.
`hm± na ah| EH$ hr gmW, h_mar JrVm Am¡a Hw$amZ & `o _§{Xa nyOZr` _oao, o _pñOX d§XZr` _oar ! Yam A{^Z§XZr` _oar ! `Ú{n ^mfmE± `hm± AZoH$, bo{H$Z CZH$m gm{hË` EH$, gya, Vwbgr, _ram, agImZ, H$~ram {_b JmVo gwa h¢ EH$ & g§ñH¥${V nJo ào_ _| `hm±, gË` H$m hmoVm h¡ CX²Kmof & {df_Vm _| g_Vm h¡ `hm±, A_Z H$m H$aVo h_ O`Kmof & `hm± na H$mer Am¡a H$m~m, `hm± AnZm ß`mam H$í_ra, Yam H$m ñdJ© `hm± h[aÛma, ~gr _Wwam `_wZm Ho$ Vra & {h_mb` nyOZr` _oam, o J§Jm d§XZr` _oar ! Yam A{^Z§XZr` _oar !
(H$) Xoe Ho$ à^mV H$m dU©Z AnZo eãXm| _| H$s{OE &
(I) H${d Xoe _| g^r Y_m] H$s EH$Vm Ho$ ~mao _| Š`m H$hVm h¡ ? AnZo eãXm| _| {b{IE &
(J) Xoe H$s ^mfm Am¡a g§ñH¥${V _| {Z{hV g_Vm Ho$ ~mao _| H${d Ho$ Š`m {dMma h¢ ?
AWdm Omo éH$mdQ> S>mbH$a hmodo H$moB© nd©V I‹S>m, Vmo Cgo XoVo h¢ AnZr `w{º$`m| go do C‹S>m & ~rM _| n‹S>H$a Ob{Y Omo H$m_ Xodo J‹S>~‹S>m, Vmo ~Zm X|Jo Cgo do jwÐ nmZr H$m K‹S>m & dZ I§Jmb|Jo, H$a|Jo ì`mo_ _| ~mOrJar, Hw$N> AO~ YwZ H$m_ Ho$ H$aZo H$s CZ_| h¡ ^ar & g~ Vah go AmO {OVZo Xoe h¢ \y$bo-\$bo, ~w{Õ, {dÚm, YZ {d^d Ho$ h¢ Ohm± S>oao S>bo & do ~ZmZo go CÝht Ho$ ~Z JE BVZo ^bo, do g^r h¢ hmW go Eogo gnyVm| Ho$ nbo & bmoJ O~ Eogo g_` nmH$a OZ_ b|Jo H$^r, Xoe H$s Am¡ Om{V H$s hmoJr ^bmB© ^r V^r &
(H$) H$_©dra Am¡a gmhgr bmoJ nd©V Am¡a g_wÐ O¡gr ~mYmAm| go H¡$go nma nmVo h¢ ?
(I) H$_©dram| H$s ‘AµO~ YwZ’ H$mo AnZo eãXm| _| g_PmBE &
(J) {díd _| àË`oH$ {Xem _| àJ{V H$a aho Xoem| Ho$ {Z_m©U Ho$ nrN>o {H$ZH$m hmW h¡ ?
AnZo Xoe Ho$ ~mao _| Š`m Anojm H$s JB© h¡ ?
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4/5/3 4
IÊS> I
3. ‘eãX’ ‘nX’ H$~ ~Z OmVm h¡ ? gmoXmhaU ñnîQ> H$s{OE & 2
AWdm
dmŠ` _| à`moJ H$aZo na ‘eãX’ H$mo Š`m H$hm OmVm h¡ ? CXmhaU XoH$a g_PmBE &
4. ZrMo {bIo dmŠ`m| _| go {H$Ýht VrZ dmŠ`m| H$m {ZX}emZwgma dmŠ`-ê$nm§VaU H$s{OE : 13=3
(H$) H${R>Z n[al_ H$aZo Ho$ ~mX dh narjm _| CÎmrU© hmo gH$m & (g§`wº$ dmŠ` _|)
(I) gw~h _mVmOr OëXr CR>t Am¡a g~H$mo OJm`m & (gab dmŠ` _|)
(J) ~agmV hmoZo na gyaO {N>n OmVm h¡ & ({_l dmŠ` _|)
(K) XmoZm| H$~yVa {I‹S>H$s Ho$ ~mha nhþ±MH$a CXmg hmo ~¡R> JE & (g§`wº$ dmŠ` _|)
5. (H$) {ZåZ{b{IV eãXm| _| go {H$Ýht Xmo nXm| H$m g_mg-{dJ«h H$aVo hþE g_mg H$m Zm_ {b{IE : 12=2 (i) `Wmg_` (ii) Xþ^m©½` (iii) Xoe-{dXoe
(I) {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$Ýht Xmo H$mo g_ñV-nX _| n[ad{V©V H$a g_mg H$m Zm_ {b{IE : 12=2
(i) ñdU© Ho$ Am^yfU (ii) ^{dî` H$s ~mV H$hZo dmbm (iii) VrZ H$moUm| H$m g_yh
6. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$Ýht Mma dmŠ`m| H$mo ewÕ H$s{OE : 14=4
(H$) {ddmh _| ~hþV AÀN>m-AÀN>m nH$dmZ ~Zm Wm &
(I) A^r VH$ Amn ^moOZ Zht {H$E hm| Vmo h_mao gmW H$a br{OE &
(J) AmnH$mo Š`m-Š`m hmoZm gmh~ ?
(K) CgZo AnZo n§Ðhd| b‹S>Ho$ Ho$ OÝ_{XZ na ~wbm`m h¡ &
(L>) Bg àmW©Zm nÌ na AnZm hñVmja H$a Xr{OE &
7. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$Ýht Xmo [aº$ ñWmZm| H$s ny{V© C{MV _whmdam| Ûmam H$s{OE : 12=2
(H$) O~ am_ Zo í`m_ go CYma {XE n¡go dm{ng _m±Jo Vmo CgZo _____________ {X`m &
(I) do Vmo gw~h go hr ZoVmOr H$s ~mQ> ____________ aho Wo &
(J) _oar g\$bVm H$m g_mMma gwZH$a XmXr _____________ ahr h¢ &
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4/5/3 5 P.T.O.
IÊS> J 8. {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE :
(H$) ~‹S>o ^mB©gmh~ H$mo AnZo _Z H$s BÀN>mE± Š`m| X~mZr n‹S>Vr Wt ? 2
(I) gw^mf ~m~y Ho$ Owbyg _| ñÌr g_mO H$s Š`m ^y{_H$m Wr ? 2 (J) {ZH$mo~ma Ho$ bmoJ VVm±am H$mo Š`m| ng§X H$aVo Wo ? 1
AWdm
àH¥${V _| AmE Ag§VwbZ H$m Š`m n[aUm_ hþAm ? ‘A~ H$hm± Xÿgao Ho$ XþI go XþIr hmoZo dmbo’ nmR> Ho$ AmYma na {b{IE &
9. VVm±am-dm_ramo H$Wm Ho$ Xmo CÔoí` ñnîQ> H$s{OE & Š`m boIH$ CÝh| R>rH$ go àñVwV H$a gH$m h¡ ? {b{IE & 5
AWdm
‘A~ H$hm± Xÿgam| Ho$ XþI go XþIr hmoZo dmbo’ Ho$ AZwgma eoI A`mµO Ho$ àg§J H$mo AnZo eãXm|
_| {b{IE & eoI A`mµO Ho$ {nVm Ho$ H$WZ _| {N>nr ^mdZm H$mo ñnîQ> H$s{OE &
10. {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE : (H$) H$~ra Zo B©ída Ho$ H$U-H$U _| ~go hmoZo H$s ~mV H¡$go g_PmB© h¡ ? CXmhaU g{hV
ñnîQ> H$s{OE & 2
(I) ‘_Zwî`Vm’ H${dVm _| H${d Zo Š`m g§Xoe {X`m h¡ ? AnZo eãXm| _| {b{IE & 2
(J) ‘H$a Mbo h_ {µ\$Xm’ H${dVm _| XþbhZ {H$go H$hm J`m h¡ ? 1
AWdm
‘AmË_ÌmU’ H${dVm _| H${d ghm`H$ Ho$ Z {_bZo na Š`m àmW©Zm H$aVm h¡ ?
11. ‘AmË_ÌmU’ H${dVm H$m à{VnmÚ AnZo eãXm| _| {b{IE & 5
AWdm
{~hmar Ho$ Xmohm| Ho$ AmYma na J«rî_ G$Vw H$s àM§S>Vm Am¡a à^md H$mo AnZo eãXm| _| ì`º$
H$s{OE &
12. h[aha H$mH$m go dñVwV: CZHo$ n[adma dmbo Š`m MmhVo Wo ? ~wOwJm] Ho$ à{V n[adma Ho$ bmoJm| Ho$ Eogo ì`dhma Ho$ ~mao _| AnZo {dMma ì`º$ H$s{OE & 5
AWdm
Bµâµ\$Z Am¡a Q>monr ewŠbm H$s {_ÌVm na {Q>ßnUr H$aVo hþE {b{IE {H$ Eogr _¡Ìr ^maVr`
g_mO Ho$ {bE H¡$go àoaH$ hmo gH$Vr h¡ &
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4/5/3 6
IÊS> K
13. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$gr EH$ {df` na 80 100 eãXm| _| AZwÀN>oX {b{IE : 5
(H$) Xoe Ho$ {Z_m©U _| `wdmAm| H$s ^y{_H$m
Xoe _| ~Xbmd
`wdm Š`m H$a|
Š`m Z H$a|
(I) H$m_H$mOr _{hbm H$m EH$ {XZ
{XZ H$m àma§^
{XZ ^a H$s ì`ñVVm
Kaoby _moM} na
(J) Š`m| Amdí`H$ h¡ ghZerbVm
ghZerbVm H$m AW©
H$~ Amdí`H$
Š`m| Amdí`H$
14. Xoeì`mnr ñdÀN>Vm A{^`mZ go AmnHo$ joÌ _| Š`m-Š`m n[adV©Z {XImB© XoVo h¢ ? {H$gr nÌ Ho$ g§nmXH$ H$mo nÌ {bIH$a {ddaU Xr{OE & 5
AWdm ~g _| Ny>Q> JE AmnHo$ H$s_Vr gm_mZ H$mo gwa{jV ê$n go AmnH$mo bm¡Q>m XoZo dmbo H§$S>ŠQ>a H$s
àe§gm H$aVo hþE n[adhZ {d^mJ Ho$ à~§YH$ H$mo nÌ {bIH$a Cgo nwañH¥$V H$aZo H$m AZwamoY H$s{OE &
15. Amn _mohëbm gwYma g{_{V Ho$ g{Md h¢ & _mohëbo _| JUV§Ì-{Xdg Am`moOZ _| ^mJ boZo Ho$
BÀNw>H$ ~ÀMm| Ho$ {bE 25-30 eãXm| _| gyMZm V¡`ma H$s{OE & 5
AWdm
‘~mb {Xdg’ g_mamoh Ho$ Adga na {dÚmb` _| _ZmE OmZo dmbo gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©H«$_ Ho$
g§{jßV {ddaU g{hV 25-30 eãXm| _| gyMZm V¡`ma H$s{OE &
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4/5/3 7 P.T.O.
16. {H$gr {dÚmb` Ûmam AMmZH$ \$sg ~‹T>mE OmZo Ho$ {df` na Xmo A{^^mdH$m| Ho$ ~rM hmoZo
dmbo g§dmX H$mo bJ^J 50 eãXm| _| {b{IE & 5
AWdm
S>|Jy ~wIma go nr{‹S>V _arO Am¡a S>m°ŠQ>a Ho$ ~rM gmdYmZr ~aVZo hoVw hþE g§dmX H$mo bJ^J
50 eãXm| _| {b{IE &
17. J_u H$s Nw>{Å>`m| _| ~ÀMm| H$mo {Z:ewëH$ Z¥Ë` {gImZo Ho$ {bE ‘ZQ>amO’ g§ñWmZ H$s Amoa go
A{YH$ go A{YH$ ~ÀMm| H$mo àdoe boZo hoVw bJ^J 50 eãXm| _| EH$ {dkmnZ V¡`ma
H$s{OE & 5
AWdm
Amn AnZr nwamZr ~mBH$ H$mo `WmerK« ~oMZm MmhVo h¢ & ~mBH$ H$m {ddaU ~VmVo hþE
bJ^J 50 eãXm| _| EH$ {dkmnZ V¡`ma H$s{OE &
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vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 1 -
1
1
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
1
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
1
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
[kaM & ^d*
[kuu
ouksa dh dVkbZ
vf/d flapkbZ
vfr i'kqpkj.k
(fdUgh nks fcanqvksa dk mYys[k visf{kr)
[kuu osQ ckn [knkuksa okys LFkkuksa dks xgjh [kkb;ksa vkSj eycs
osQ lkFk [kqyk NksM+us osQ dkj.k
taxyksa dh dVkbZ osQ dkj.k
iRFkj dks ihlus ij /wy dh ijr teus ls feV~Vh dh ty
lks[kus dh izfØ;k vo#¼ gksus osQ dkj.k
(fdUgha nks fcanqvksa dk mYys[k visf{kr)
ok;qeaMy esa cgqr vf/d ek=kk esa /wy folftZr gksus ls ok;q
iznw"k.k gksuk vkSj feV~Vh dh ty lks[kus dh izfØ;k dk ckf/r
gksuk
oukjksi.k @ o`{kkjksi.k
pjkxkgksa dk mfpr izca/u @ i'kqpkj.k fu;a=k.k
isM+ksa dh j{kd es[kyk dk fuekZ.k
jsrhys Vhyksa dks dk¡Vsnkj >kfM+;k¡ yxkdj fLFkj cukus dh
izfØ;k ls
(fdUgha nks fcanqvksa dk mYys[k visf{kr)
1$1¾2
1$1¾2
2
1$1¾2
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Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 2 -
2
(Ä)
2
(d)
([k)
(x)
vFkok
(d)
([k)
(Ä)
2
(d)
([k)
(x)
vFkok
(d)
([k)
(Ä)
2
(d)
([k)
(x)
vFkok
(d)
([k)
Hkwfe fuEuhdj.k % leL;k vkSj lek/ku
Hkwfe iznw"k.k dh jksdFkke
(vU; mi;qDr 'kh"kZd Hkh Lohdk;Z)
(ijh{kkFkhZ }kjk vius 'kCnksa esa fn, x, ;Fkksfpr mÙkj ij vad fn,
tk,¡)
fofHkUu /eZ&xzaFkksa ,oa /kfeZd fo'oklksa esa ijLij ln~Hkko ,oa
,drk osQ rRo fo|eku gSaA
(vU; mi;qDr fopkj Hkh Lohdk;Z)
vyx&vyx Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; esa ,drk dk lqj
lekt osQ fofo/ oxksZa] leqnk;ksa osQ chp izse vkSj lR; osQ
vk/kj ij lekurk dk Hkko
(mi;qDr fopkj Hkh Lohdk;Z)
;qfDr;ksa] lkgl vkSj n`<+ fu'p; ls
vuFkd ifjJe
dk;Z&flf¼ osQ fy, oqQN Hkh dj xqt+juk
(ijh{kkFkhZ }kjk vius 'kCnksa esa fn, x, mfpr mÙkj Lohdk;Z)
1
(2x3¾6)
2
2
2
2
2
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Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 3 -
3
4
(x)
3
vFkok
4
(d)
([k)
(x)
3
vFkok
4
(d)
([k)
(x)
3
vFkok
4
(d)
([k)
deZohjksa dk _
vius ns'k esa ,sls deZohj tUe ysa tks cqf¼] fon~;k] /u] oSHko
dk fodkl rFkk fodflr vkSj 'kfDr'kkyh jk"Vª dk fuekZ.k
djsaA
[kaMμ^[k*
okD; esa iz;qDr gksus ij
O;kdjf.kd fu;eksa esa c¡/dj
mnkgj.k μ 'kCn μ fo|ky;
in μ fon~;kFkhZ fon~;ky; tk jgs gSaA
in
mnkgj.k μ dey μ 'kCn
dey v[kckj i<+ jgk gSA μ in
(fdUgha rhu okD;ksa dk :ikarj.k visf{kr)
mlus dfBu ifjJe fd;k vkSj og ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gks ldkA @
mlus dfBu ifjJe fd;k blfy, og ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gks ldkA @
lqcg ekrkth us tYnh mBdj lcdks txk;kA
1$1¾2
1$1¾2
1$1¾2
(1x3¾3)
1
1
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 4 -
5
6
(x)
(?k)
5
(d)
([k)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
6
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
5
(d)
([k)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
μ
μ
μ
(x)
(?k)
5
(d)
([k)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
μ
μ
μ
tc cjlkr gksrh gS rc lwjt fNi tkrk gSA
nksuksa dcwrj f[kM+dh osQ ikl igq¡ps vkSj mnkl gksdj cSB x,A
(fdUgh nks osQ mÙkj visf{kr)
le; osQ vuqlkj μ vO;;h Hkko lekl
nqj~ (cqjk) gS tks HkkX; μ deZ/kj; lekl
ns'k vkSj fons'k μ }a} lekl
(fdUgha nks osQ mÙkj visf{kr)
Lo.kkZHkw"k.k μ rRiq#"k lekl
Hkfo";oDrk μ cgqozhfg lekl
f=kdks.k μ f}xq lekl
(fdUgha pkj okD;ksa dk 'kqf¼dj.k visf{kr)
o`Qi;k ,d fnu dk vodk'k nsaA @
,d fnu dk vodk'k nsus dh o`Qik djsaA
ekrkth cqyk jgh gSaA
1
1
(1x2¾2)
½ $½ ¾1
½ $½ ¾1
½ $½ ¾1
(1x2¾2)
½ $½ ¾1
½ $½ ¾1
½ $½ ¾1
(1x4¾4)
1
1
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 5 -
(x)
(?k)
(Ä)
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
6
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
(Ä)
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
μ
6
(d)
;g ,dek=k Bgjus dk LFkku gSA @
;g osQoy Bgjus dk LFkku gSA @
;g Bgjus dk ,dek=k LFkku gSA
rqEgsa rks eSaus igys gh dgk FkkA
eq>s [kkus esa lsc vPNk yxrk gSA
fuca/ esa lHkh okD; lqxfBr gksus pkfg,A
eSaus iwNk rks vkius oqQN crk;k gh ughaA
rqe cSBks vkSj viuh iqLrd i<+ksA
vkidks dgk¡ tkuk gS cfgu th\ @
cfgu th] vkidks dgk¡ tkuk gS\
vki oSQls dg ldrs gSa fd [kcj lPph gSA
fookg esa cgqr vPNs&vPNs idoku cus FksA
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 6 -
7
8
μ
μ
μ
μ
7
(d)
([k)
(x)
8
(d)
μ
μ
μ
μ
7
(d)
([k)
(x)
8
(d)
([k)
(x)
(?k)
(Ä)
7
(d)
([k)
(x)
8
(d)
vHkh rd vkius Hkkstu ugha fd;k gks rks gekjs lkFk dj yhft,A
vkidks D;k&D;k pkfg, lkgc\ @ vki D;k&D;k ysaxs lkgc\
mlus vius yM+osQ osQ ianzgosa tUefnu ij cqyk;k gSA
(iz'u i=k esa fn, okD; esa dksbZ ifjorZu u djus ij Hkh vad nsa)
bl izkFkZuk&i=k ij vius gLrk{kj dj nhft,A
(fdUgha nks eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx)
v¡xwBk fn[kk fn;k @ Vdk&lk tokc ns fn;kA
ckV tksguk
iwQyh ugha lekuk
[kaMμ^x*
ft+Eesnkjh vkSj drZO; cks/ osQ dkj.k
NksVs HkkbZ osQ lEeq[k vkn'kZ izLrqr djosQ ml csjkg gksus ls
jksdus osQ dkj.k
1
1
1
1
(1x2¾2)
1
1
1
2$2$1¾5
1$1¾2
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 7 -
9
([k)
(x)
vFkok
9
([k)
(x)
vFkok
μ
([k)
(x)
vFkok
μ
cM+h la[;k esa lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ
tqywl fudkys] /jus ij cSBha] fxjÝ+rkjh nh vkSj ekuwesaV ij >aMk
iQgjkdj Lora=krk dh izfrKk i<+hA
usd
ennxkj
nwljksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, lnSo rRij
vkReh; gksus osQ dkj.k
Írq pØ esa ifjorZu @ izko`Qfrd vkink,¡ μ lSykc] rwi+Qku
vkfn @ fur u, jksx @ i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k
dkj.k
vesfjdk ls izfrLi/kZ osQ dkj.k tkikuh ,d eghus dk dke ,d
fnu esa iwjk djus dk iz;kl djus yxs ftlls fnekx dk ruko
vR;f/d c<+ x;k ifj.kkeLo:i os ekufld jksxksa dk f'kdkj gks
x,A
lgk;d
pk&uks&;w fof/ ls fnekx dh jÝ+rkj /heh gksdj ruko ls eqfDr
@ 'kkafr feyuk
Hkwr vkSj Hkfo"; dky dh fpark nwj dj orZeku esa thus dh
izsj.kk nsuk
vuardky dk vuqHko djkuk
1$1¾2
1
1
3$2¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 8 -
vFkok
μ
μ
9
μ
μ
vo/ osQ uokc vkfliQmn~nkSyk dk iq=k vkSj tk¡ckt+ flikgh_
pkfjf=kd fo'ks"krk,¡
ns'kHkDr μ vaxzst+ksa dks ns'k ls fudkyus esa gj laHko iz;kl
tk¡ckt+ fuMj] lkglh μ vaxzst+ksa osQ f'kfoj esa vosQys tkuk ,oa
dkjrwl gkfly djuk
LokfHkekuh μ oaQiuh osQ odhy }kjk viekfur fd, tkus ij
mldk dRy
uhfroqQ'ky μ 5 ekg osQ 'kklu esa gh vo/ dks vaxzst+h izHkko
ls eqDr djuk
vaxzst+ksa dks fudkyus osQ fy, vU; jktkvksa ls leFkZu
vkRefo'oklh μ vaxzst+h egk'kfDr ls eqdkcyk
(vU; mi;qDr fo'ks"krkvksa o mnkgj.kksa ij Hkh vad fn, tk,¡)
vogsyuk,¡
isM+ksa] taxyksa dks vf/d la[;k esa dkVuk
izko`Qfrd lalk/uksa dk va/k/qa/ nksgu
t+ehu osQ lkFk&lkFk ufn;ksa ,oa leqnz dh txg dks gfFk;kdj
ekuo cfLr;k¡ clkuk
i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k
ifj.kke
izko`Qfrd vlarqyu
tho&tarqvksa dk vkJ; fNu tkuk
ekSle&pØ esa ifjorZu
izko`Qfrd lalk/uksa dk rsth ls lekIr gksuk
1$4¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 9 -
μ
μ
vFkok
μ
μ
9
c<+rs iznw"k.k osQ dkj.k fur u, jksx
(ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa }kjk fn, x, mi;qDr lq>ko Lohdk;Z)
varj
'kq¼ lksuk feykoV jfgr] fxUuh dk lksuk feykoV ;qDr
'kq¼ lksuk yphyk] fxUuh dk lksuk et+cwr
'kq¼ lksus osQ vkHkw"k.k u cuuk] fxUuh osQ lksus osQ vkHkw"k.k
cukuk
'kq¼ lksuk 'kq¼ vkn'kZ osQ leku] fxUuh dk lksuk izSfDVdy
vkbfM;kfyLV osQ leku
'kq¼ lksuk fxUuh osQ lksus ls T+;knk dherh
(fdUgha rhu fcanqvksa dk mYys[k visf{kr)
Xkak/hth dh ppkZ
izSfDVdy vkbfM;kfyLV osQ okLrfod Lo:i dks Li"V djus osQ
fy, dh xbZ gS D;ksafd
Xkka/hth vkn'kksZa dks O;kogkfjdrk osQ Lrj ij u mrkjdj
O;kogkfjdrk dks vkn'kksZa osQ Lrj ij p<+krs FksA
O;ogkj esa lksuk @ vkn'kZ gh vkxs jgrk FkkA
lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Roksa osQ fuoZgu osQ fy, O;fDrxr fgrksa dk
R;kx vko';d
ijaijk,¡ o :f<+;k¡ tc ca/u cuus yxas rks mudk VwVuk gh
vPNk_
(i{k&foi{k esa mi;qDr er Lohdk;Z)
2$3¾5
3$2¾5
2$3¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 10 -
10
μ
10
(d)
([k)
μ
10
(d)
([k)
vFkok
10
(d)
([k)
,d fnu 'ks[k v;kt+ osQ firk oqQ,¡ ls ugkdj ykSVs] Ekk¡ us
Hkkstu ijkslkA
Hkkstu djrs le; mudh ut+j viuh cktw ij iM+h] ogk¡ ,d
dkyk P;ksaVk jsax jgk FkkA og mB [kM+s gq, vkSj ek¡ osQ iwNus
ij mUgksaus mÙkj fn;k fd mudh otg ls ,d ?kjokyk cs?kj gks
x;k gS] og mls ?kj NksM+us tk jgs gSaA
(ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa }kjk vius 'kCnksa esa fy[kk x;k mÙkj Lohdk;Z)
lHkh izkf.k;ksa osQ Ikzfr laosnu'khyrk] vkReh;rk] ijksidkj]
euq";rk vkfnA
dLrwjh e`x osQ ekè;e ls
ftl izdkj dLrwjh uked inkFkZ fgj.k dh ukfHk esa gksrk gS vkSj
mls og ou esa <w¡<+rk gS] mlh izdkj bZ'oj euq"; osQ g`n; esa
clrk gS vkSj euq"; mls ckgj /kfeZd LFkkuksa esa <w¡<+rk gSA
izse] ,drk] n;k] d#.kk] ijksidkj] fo'o ca/qRo] lgkuqHkwfr o
mnkjrk dk lans'k
n/hfp] d.kZ] jafrnso] egkRek cq¼ dk mnkgj.k nsdj nwljksa osQ
fy, thus dh izsj.kk
vgadkj dh Hkkouk dk R;kx djus dk lans'k
euq";&ek=k dks ca/q ekurs gq, ijLij lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk
lans'k
(fdUgha nks fcanqvksa dk mYys[k visf{kr)
3$2¾5
2$2$1¾5
1$1¾2
1$1¾2
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 11 -
11
(x)
vFkok
11
vFkok
(x)
vFkok
μ
μ
(x)
vFkok
μ
μ
/jrh @ ekr`Hkwfe @ HkkjrHkwfe
vkRecy @ lkeF;Z @ iq#"kkFkZ u fMxs
1857 osQ Lora=krk laxzke esa iz;qDr rksi
vaxzst+h 'kklu dh fujaoqQ'k 'kfDr dk izrhd
'kfDr ij vgadkj ugha djuk pkfg, D;ksafd 'kfDr LFkk;h ugha
gksrh
rksi vc 'kfDrghu gksdj izn'kZu dh oLrq ek=k jg xbZ gSA
'kfDr dks fouk'k esa ugha l`tu esa yxkuk lkFkZd
bfrgkl esa dh xbZ xyfr;ksa ls lh[k ysdj Hkfo"; esa ltx ,oa
lroZQ jgus dh izsj.kk
o"kkZ Írq esa ioZr izns'k esa iy&iy izo`Qfr dk :i cnyuk
fo'kky ioZrksa dk gt+kjksa iwQyksa :Ikh us=kksa ls niZ.k :ih rkykc
esa lkSan;Z dks fugkjuk
eksrh dh yfM+;ksa tSls >kx Hkjs lqanj ,oa vkd"kZd >juksa dk
>juk
vpkud cknyksa dk Nk tkuk
ewlyk/kj o"kkZ osQ dkj.k iwjs n`'; dk vks>y gksuk
>juksa dk osQoy Loj 'ks"k jg tkuk
'kky osQ o`{kksa dk t+ehu esa /¡lk gqvk izrhr gksuk
tyok"i :ih /q,¡ osQ Nkus ls rkykcksa dk tyrk gqvk&lk
izrhr gksukA
1
1
5
5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 12 -
μ
μ
μ
11
vFkok
μ
μ
μ
11
o"kkZ Írq esa ioZr&izns'k esa iy&iy izo`Qfr dk :i cnyuk
fo'kky ioZrksa dk gt+kjksa iwQyksa :ih us=kksa ls niZ.k :ih rkykc
esa lkSan;Z dks fugkjuk
eksrh dh yfM+;ksa tSls >kx Hkjs lqanj ,oa vkd"kZd >juksa dk
>juk
vpkud cknyksa dk Nk tkuk
ewlyk/kj o"kkZ osQ dkj.k iwjs n`'; dk vks>y gksuk
>juksa dk osQoy Loj 'ks"k jg tkuk
'kky osQ o`{kksa dk t+ehu esa /¡lk gqvk izrhr gksuk
tyok"i :ih /q,¡ osQ Nkus ls rkykcksa dk tyrk gqvk&lk
izrhr gksukA
(mi;qZDr fcanqvksa osQ vk/kj ij vuqPNsn visf{kr)
o`Unkou dh oqaQt μ xfy;ksa esa Jho`Q".k dh yhykvksa dk xku
Jho`Q".k dh pkdjh esa ckx yxkuk
Å¡ps&Å¡ps egy vkSj mlesa >jks[ks cuokuk
vk/h jkr dks Hkh Jho`Q".k ls feyus osQ fy, rS;kj jguk _
nkL; Hkko dh HkfDr
bZ'oj ls foinkvksa esa lkaRouk ,oa lq[k dh dkeuk djosQ
vkRecy] iq#"kkFkZ] lkeF;Z] lkgl cuk, j[kus dh izkFkZuk djuk
nq[k vkSj gkfu esa Hkh fgEer u gkjus dh izkFkZuk
nq[k osQ lkFk&lkFk lq[k osQ {k.kksa esa bZ'oj dks foLe`r u djuk
fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa bZ'oj ij la'k; ugha djuk
fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr ls mcjus osQ fy, Lo;a la?k"kZ djus dh
5
4$1¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 13 -
12
μ
12
vFkok
μ
μ
μ
vFkok
μ
μ
dkeuk djuk
izpaMrk
taxy esa ty&lzksrksa dk lw[kuk
pkjksa vksj Hkh"k.k xehZ
izkf.k;ksa dk O;koqQy gksuk
Nk;k dk Hkh fn[kkbZ u nsuk
IkzHkko
ijLij oSj j[kusokys tkuojksa dk ,d LFkku ij lkFk jguk
taxy dk riksou dh Hkk¡fr izrhr gksuk
'khryrk dh ryk'k esa Nk;k dk ?kjksa ,oa taxyksa esa fleV tkuk
BkoqQj ckjh osQ lk/q&lar vkSj muosQ i{k/j _
muosQ lkFk ekjihV dhA
muls lkns vkSj fy[ks dkxt+ksa ij tcju v¡xwBs osQ fu'kku ys
fy,A
muosQ gkFk&Ikk¡o ck¡/dj] eq¡g esa diM+k Bw¡l fn;kA
mUgsa ,d dejs esa can dj fn;kA
vuq'kklu fiz; μ izkFkZuk osQ le; fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks drkj esa lh/s
u [kM+s gksus ij naM nsuk
LokfHkekuh μ gSMekLVj }kjk eqvÙky fd, tkus ij ;kpuk u
djuk
oqQ'ky izf'k{kd μ LdkmfVax dk vH;kl
5
5
1$4¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 14 -
μ
μ
μ
μ
12
vFkok
μ
μ
μ
μ
12
vFkok
ckgj ls dBksj o Hkhrj ls dksey ân; μ 'kkjhfjd naM] eqxkZ
cukuk] rksrs osQ izfr izse&Hkko o ns[kHkky] fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ vPNs
dk;Z ij 'kkck'kh nsuk
drZO;fu"B μ ijsM djkuk] i+Qkjlh i<+kuk vkfn lHkh dk;ksZa dks
xaHkhjrk ls djuk
(vU; fo'ks"krk,¡ Hkh Lohdk;Z)
NksVs cPpksa osQ lkFk vR;ar dBksj O;ogkj djus osQ dkj.k
pkSFkh d{kk osQ NksVs&NksVs cPpksa dks t+jk&lh xyrh ij (i+Qkjlh
osQ 'kCn :i ;kn ugha djus ij) Hkh dBksj 'kkjhfjd naM nsus
osQ dkj.k _
('ks"k iz'u osQ mi;qDr mÙkj ij iwjs vad nsa)
(ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ mi;qDr mÙkj ij iwjs vad nsa)
gfjgj dkdk muosQ lkFk gh jgsaA
tSlk Hkkstu ,oa lqfo/k,¡ mUgsa nh tk,¡ os mUgsa pqipki fcuk
fojks/ osQ Lohdkj djsaA
gfjgj dkdk dh e`R;q osQ ckn mudh laifÙk ij ifjokj okyksa
dk vf/dkj jgs
(dksbZ nks fcanq visf{kr vkSj vU; fcanq Hkh Lohdk;Z)
('ks"k iz'u osQ fy, mi;qDr mÙkj ij vad fn, tk,¡)
/eZ] Hkk"kk] ikfjokfjd okrkoj.k] jgu&lgu] [kku&iku vkfn
iw.kZr% fHkUu gksrs gq, Hkh nksuksa xgjs fe=k FksA
5
2$3¾5
5
2$3¾5
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 15 -
13
13
13
13
nksuksa dk tqM+ko eu ls Fkk] vkarfjd Fkk ckg~; ughaA
Vksih bÝ+iQu osQ ?kj osQ [kkus dks Nwrk Hkh ugha Fkk fiQj Hkh
mudh fe=krk esa dksbZ varj ugha vk;kA
nksuksa ,d nwljs dh Hkkoukvksa dks le>rs Fks vkSj ijLij mudk
lEeku djrs FksA
?kj esa ^vEeh* 'kCn dgus ij Vksih us ekj [kkbZ ijarq bÝ+iQu osQ
?kj u tkus osQ fy, ugha ekukA
(vU; mi;qDr mÙkj Hkh Lohdk;Z)
izsj.kk
fuLokFkZ izse ,oa fe=krk dh
lkaiznkf;d lkSgknZ cuk, j[kus dh
lfg".kqrk c<+kus dh
(vU; mi;qDr fcanq Hkh Lohdk;Z)
[kaM μ ^?k*
fdlh ,d fo"k; ij vuqPNsn ys[ku
fo"k;oLrq μ 3
izLrqfr μ 1
Hkk"kk μ 1
3$2¾5
5
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Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com
vad&;kstuk ekpZ] 2019
iz'u i=k 4@5@1] 2] 3 fo"k; % fganh (ikB~;Øe ^c*) d{kk & nloha
iz'u iz'u i=k xqPN la- mÙkj&ladsr @ ewY; fcanq vad vkSj
vad &
foHkktu 1 2 3
- 16 -
14
15
16
17
14
vFkok
15
vFkok
16
vFkok
17
vFkok
14
vFkok
15
vFkok
16
vFkok
17
vFkok
14
vFkok
15
vFkok
16
vFkok
17
vFkok
i=k&ys[ku
izk:i μ 1
fo"k;oLrq μ 3
Hkk"kk μ 1
lwpuk&ys[ku
izk:i μ 1
fo"k;oLrq μ 3
Hkk"kk μ 1
laokn&ys[ku
izLrqfr μ 1
fo"k;oLrq μ 3
Hkk"kk μ 1
foKkiu&ys[ku
jpukRed izLrqfr μ 2
fo"k;oLrq μ 2
Hkk"kk μ 1
5
5
5
5
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Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com