Download - Sexual Reproduction
![Page 1: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sexual Reproduction
Chapter 38
![Page 2: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I1.Sexual/Asexual Reproduction
Asexual• Exact copy• Mitosis• One parent• Constant
conditions
Sexual• Genetic variety• Meiosis = eggs &
sperm• Two parents• Changing
conditions
![Page 3: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Asexual examples: Hydra
Buddingof
polyps
Regen-erationOf cut pieces
![Page 4: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Amoeba asexual division
2nd amoebaNucleus
![Page 5: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Asexual Reproduction:
Runners in strawberries
Spores in Puffball Mushrooms
![Page 6: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Sexual Reproduction
![Page 7: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“Joey” develops in a Pouch
![Page 8: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Flowering Plants Sexual Reproduction
Dry PollenFor sperm
![Page 9: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ferns Sexual & Asexual Reproduction
Sexual & Asexual
![Page 10: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Comparison of Egg & Sperm
Egg• Round• Floats• Food reserves• One• Ovaries• 1N haploid
Sperm• Oval• Flagella• No food reserves• Many secrete enzyme to
penetrate egg membrane• Testicles• 1N haploid
![Page 11: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Sperm• 1/600th inch• Survives in Temperature of 93o – 97o
• 3 Parts:– Head or Cap – holds Genetic Information of Father– Body – filled with mitochondria & supplies energy– Tail – flagellum to propel and move
• 200 million sperm made every 24 hours• 750 feet of twisted tubules which contain
specialized cells that each care for about 150 sperm• Testosterone & Estrogen made exactly balanced to
develop specific sexual characteristics
![Page 12: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
February 23, 2010• Draw a sperm and label its
parts• Review Vocab #2• Notes 38.1• Inside Story page 1033
![Page 13: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Meiosis in the Gonads
Sperm
Meiotic celldivision Egg
![Page 14: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gonads make gametes!
Testes makesperm
![Page 15: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Male Reproduction • Scrotum – sac surrounding testes that
maintain temperature – muscles contract/relax– Temperature must be 3o below body for sperm
• Testes – produces sperm cells haploid (1n) produce 4
• Sperm – male gamete– Enzymes in cap or head allow sperm to penetrate
egg– Nucleus contains genetic material– Mitochondria – lots for energy to move– Flagellum – for movement
![Page 16: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Epidiymis – stores sperm from testes until mature• Vas Deferens – duct that carries sperm to
ejaculatory glands and urethra• Semen - fluid• Seminal Vesicles - at base of bladder that secretes
mucous like fluid to increase fructose energy• Prostate glands – underneath bladder secretes
alkaline fluid to help sperm survive & move• Bulburethral Glands – secrete clear sticky alkaline
fluid protecting sperm by neutralizing acidic environment of vagina
![Page 17: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Uretha – tube running from the bladder that carries urine out through the penis.
• Semen enters the urethra after a muscle closes it off from the bladder.
• Semen is ejaculated through this tube that runs the length of the penis.
![Page 18: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chromosomes
Sex Chromosome Y determines a Male
![Page 19: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
February 24, 2010
• List the hormones and their actions for the male and female reproductive system.
• Trace the pathway of sperm from the testes
• Notes cont….
![Page 20: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Reproduction Hormones - PubertyHormone Produced by Function
Testosterone Testicles Male sex traits
FSH Pituitary Stimulates LH
LH Pituitary Release of egg
Estrogen Ovaries Female sex traits
Progesterone Corpus luteum Maintains Uterus lining
![Page 21: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Gonads make gametes!
Ovaries make eggs
![Page 22: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Female Reproductive System• Ovary – size of an almond, where eggs are
produced approximately 400/life – Egg production is before birth, goes through meiosis –
prophase 1 then rests till sexual maturity • Oviduct – tube that transports the egg to the uterus,
fertilization occurs here• Ovulation – oocytes finish meiosis the egg ruptures
the ovary & released into oviduct (1n) 1 egg, 3 polar bodies dissolve
• Fertilized egg remains in oviduct for 7 days then divides and embeds in the lining of uterus–9 months
![Page 23: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• Unfertilized - the egg and lining of the uterus will shed called the…
• Phases of Menstrual Cycle:• 1. Flow Phase - Discard of egg & uterine lining –
lasts approximately 5 days• 2. Follicular Phase – FSH increases & another
follicle goes through meiosis II, lasts from day 6-14, LH released & Ovulation occurs around day 14 by rupturing ovary
• 3. Luteal phase – 15-28 days the corpus luteum releases progesterone & some estrogen to increase blood supply (lipids) preparing for pregnancy by thickening the endometrium lining of the uterus
![Page 24: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
February 25
• Draw the negative feedback cycle… Then describe it in words.
• PS Lab 38.1• Finish up Notes
![Page 25: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Negative Feedback Cycle
![Page 26: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Menstrual Cycle
![Page 27: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tracking Hormone LevelsDay 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
LH 17 17 17 17 17 46 35 20 19 18 17 16 14 13
FSH 14 14 14 13 10 8 15 8 7 7 6 6 6 7
Estrogen
4 4 5 6 10 13 13 10 9 10 11 11 11 8
Progesterone
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 7 12 14 14 9 3
1. Make a graph showing the changes in amounts of LH & FSH throughout the menstrual cycle. Use 2 different colors & label please.
2. Make another graph showing the levels of estrogen and progesterone.
![Page 28: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Tracking Hormone Levels (cont)
• Analysis:• 1. Describe the pattern of each
hormone.• 2. Indicate with a dashed line how
progesterone level would look if pregnancy occurred.
![Page 29: Sexual Reproduction](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d4550346895dd70820/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tubal ligation