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Green ICT in Further and Higher Education: The UK
Experience
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Structure- Background- Greening OF ICT- Greening BY ICT- Greening ICT Curricula- Drivers- Conclusions
ABOUT THIS Sustainable ICT?
- environmental, social & economic- uses of ICT (e.g. privacy, repression)
Green ICT?- environmental, narrow social
Low Carbon ICT? Energy Efficient ICT?
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Provider of digital infrastructure and services to UK education, as SURF- high capacity network & related activities-JANET (ja.net)- guidance and advices- ICT-enabled libraries/learning
Research/Action Programmes- SusteIT 2008- Green IT c £3 million
IT Category in Green Gown Awards More info
- http://jiscgreenict.org
ABOUT
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Environmental Improvement- improvement ‘clubs’ with technical inputs- www.eauc.org.uk
Responsible Energy Costs- e.g. devolved energy budgeting, whole life costing
Behavioural/Technical- Sustainable ICT use e.g. desktop powerdown, file storage, HPC, printing, server rooms- Dematerialisation e.g. e-readers, videoconferences- Cloud computing and thin client- Flexible working- Reporting sustainability-related information
PROJECTS
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1998 – world’s first NGO for Green ICT- research, guidance, policy
EU Involvement- Sustainable ICT consultation for Lisbon- Sustainable Teleworking (Sustel) project- Expert Groups eg ICT & Energy Efficiency
Green ICT in universities www.goodcampus.org
ABOUT
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GREENING OF ICT
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PRODUCTION BURDENS A typical semiconductor facility:
- 591 million gallons DI water- 5.2 million pounds of chemicals- 8.8 million kwh of electricity
PC/LCD production- 1,000+ hazardous substances
High energy materials- 2.5 tonnes of rock- for 1 gram of gold
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THE STEAM COMPUTER
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14%
18%
47%
8%
2%
10% 1%
HPC
Servers
PCs
Networks
Telephony
Imaging
AV
SUSTEIT FINDINGS- UNIVERSITY OF
SHEFFIELD
18% electricity15% carbon£1 million pa
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ENERGY/CARBON IMPACT TOOL
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SUSTEIT FINDINGS - SECTOR
760,000 PCs 215,000 servers 147,000 networked printers £60 million + energy bill 275,000 tonnes of CO2
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2010 AGENDAS – DESKTOP
Powerdown- Lisa Nelson’s free software saved £64,000 pa at Liverpool- ½ year paybacks
Energy efficient devices Low power devices Thin(k) client
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QUEEN MARGARET UNIVERSIT
Y• Wanted
greenest building in UK
• PCs main barrier• 98% thin client• 25-30% space
savings
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2010 AGENDAS - DATA CENTRE
Power Usage Effectiveness- ratio of total energy (ie servers + support) to server energy
1990s centres 2.0 + 2007 design 1.5/1.6 University of St Andrews 1.2 CSC, Finland 1.06
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Server Load/ComputingOperations
Cooling Equipment
Power Conversion & Distribution
AlternativeEnergy Supply
Voltage optimisationUse of DC powerHighly efficient UPS systemsEfficient redundancy strategies
Power managementConsolidation/VirtualisationMore efficient device designMore efficient storage
Better air managementFree/efficient coolingInnovative coolingFlexibility and control
On-site renewablesWaste heat for coolingFuel cellsThermal storage
DATA CENTRE OPPORTUNITIES
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2020 AGENDAS
Device proliferation Increasing
functionality Increasing
accessibility New applications ‘Exabyte research’
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2020 AGENDAS Technology/material transitions Energy aware software Net zero carbon
- data centres- networks- supply chains
System integration- grid related location
Local integration Greening the cloud
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GREENING BY ICT
SMART 2020 Benefits
- 15% cut in CO2 emissions by 2020- $946 billion of cost savings- 5:1 CO2 avoidance/creation ratio
Means- smart grid- intelligent buildings- new ways of working
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AVE MARIA UNIVERSITY
19
IntrusionDetectio
n
Fire AlarmSystemPower
System
ElevatorMgmt.
LightingControls
HVACControl
EvacuationManagement
SecurityUsers
BuildingMaintenance Users
Access Control(security system)
CampusSecurity
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BY ICT – BEHAVIOUR
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BY ICT – OPTIMISATION
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BY ICT – DEMATERIALISATION
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BY ICT – UTILISATION
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GREENING ICT CURRICULA New degrees
- MSc in Green IT New modules Projects
- university IT footprinting- repairing old equipment
Absences- change management- software coding
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10 - EXHORTATION Greening Government IT
- Central Government's office estate Carbon Neutral by 2012- Carbon neutral across the ICT life cycle by 2020
“Countries from around the world are now looking to us for advice on how to follow our lead"
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9 – IT SUSTAINABILITY CONCERN
Task focus Performance worries Narrow definitions Lack of financial responsibility Complex supply chains in
many countries
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8 – CARBON“EU carbon prices could remain languishing at little more than €20 a tonne up to 2020, based on the current EU emissions target and without further restriction of UN carbon offset credits” – Societe Generale
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7 – ENERGY COST
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Hardware- Energy Star- EPEAT- Ecoflower
Data Centre- Energy Star- European Code of Conduct
Networks? Applications?
6 – CUSTOMER SUSTAINABILITY
CONCERN
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5 – DISCLOSURE
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5 – DISCLOSURE
Organisational comparison Building comparison
- Energy certificates Benchmarking Product comparison Supply chain
- monitoring- reassurance
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4 - AESTHETICS
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FROM UGLY PROCESSES
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3 – CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
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2 – TOTAL COST
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NUMBER 1
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CONCLUSIONS
Small inputs can produce large output Multi-stakeholder partnerships are the future There is no green IT community The biggest gains may not be environmentally
driven
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CONCLUSIONS
There is enormous opportunity Central support is crucial
- information and understanding- creating networks- practical assistance- overcoming capital/revenue disconnects
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(MORE) EFFICIENT STORAGE OPTIONS
Manage- policies; deduplication
Optimise- from monolithic SAS/SCSI- to nearline SAS/SSD mix- 150TB 15 to 2.5kW
Replace- higher efficiency devices
Extend- cloud, shared services