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Shoulder Muscles
BIO 238Instructor: Dr. Gourdine
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Shoulder (Glenohumoral Joint)
Figure 8–2a
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Scapula: Posterior Surface
Figure 8–3c
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Scapula: Lateral View
Figure 8–3c
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Scapula: Anterior Surface
Figure 8–3a
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Humerus
Figure 8–4
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Clavicle
Figure 8–2b, c
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Thoracic (Rib) Cage
Figure 7–22a
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ROM of the Shoulder
•Flexion•Extension•Horizontal Abduction•Horizontal Adduction•Abduction•Adduction•Lateral Rotation•Medial Rotation
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Shoulder Flexion and Extension
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Flexion Extension
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Shoulder Horizontal Abduction and AdductionHorizontal Abduction Horizontal Adduction
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Shoulder Abduction and Adduction
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AdductionAbduction
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Shoulder Medial and Lateral Rotation
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Lateral Rotation
Medial Rotation
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ROM of the Scapula
•Abduction (protraction)•Adduction (retraction)•Depression•Elevation•Downward rotation •Upward rotation
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Adduction and Abduction of Scapula
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Adduction
Abduction
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Depression and Elevation of Scapula
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Elevation Depression
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Downward and Upward Rotation of ScapulaDownward Rotation Upward Rotation
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Muscles of the Upper Extremities: Brachium• Deltoid (pg 67)
▫ O-Lateral 1/3 of clavicle; Acromion; Spine of Scapula
▫ I-Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
▫ A- Moves the shoulder in the following ways: Abduction, flexion, medial rotation, horizontal adduction, extension, lateral rotation, horizontal abduction
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Figure 11-15a
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Muscles of the Neck and Back• Trapezius (pg 69)
▫ O-External occipital protuberence, medial portion of superior nuchal line of occiput, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T12
▫ I-Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion; spine of scapula
▫ A- Head and neck: Extention,
lateral flexion to the same side, rotation to the opposite side.
Scapula: Elevation, upward rotation, adduction, stabilization, depression
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Figure 11–13a
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso
Latissimus dorsi (pg 71)• O- Inferior angle of scapula,
spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three or four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, and posterior iliac crest
• I-Intertubercular groove of humerus
• A-Extension, medial rotation and adduction of shoulder
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Figure 11–13a
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso• Teres Major (pg 71)
▫ O-Inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula
▫ I-Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
▫ A-Extension, medial rotation and adduction of humerus
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Figure 11–15b
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Rotator Cuff
•Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor muscles
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Figure 11–15b
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso
• Supraspinatus (pg 75)▫ O- supraspinous
fossa▫ I-Greater tubercle
of humerus▫ A-Abduction of
shoulder and stabilization of head of humerus
23Figure 11–15b
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso
• Infraspinatus (pg 75)▫ O- infraspinous
fossa▫ I-Greater tubercle
of humerus▫ A- Lateral rotation
and adduction of shoulder, and stabilization of humerus
24Figure 11–15b
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso• Teres Minor (pg 75)
▫ O-Upper axillary border of scapula
▫ I-Greater tubercle of humerus
▫ A-Lateral rotation and adduction of shoulder and stabilization of humerus
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Figure 11–15b
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso• Subscapularis (pg 75)
▫ O- Subscapular fossa▫ I- Lesser tubercle of
humerus▫ A-Medial rotation of the
shoulder and stabilization of humerus
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Figure 11–15a
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso• Rhomboid(eus) major
(pg 82)▫ O-Spinous processes T2-
5▫ I-Medial border of
scapula from root of spine to inferior angle
▫ A-Adduction (retraction), elevation, and downward rotation of scapula
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Figure 11–14a
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Muscles of the Posterior Torso• Rhomboid(eus) minor
(pg 82)▫ O-Spinous processes C7
and T1▫ I-Upper portion of
medial border of scapula, and inferior angle
▫ A-Adduction (retraction), elevation, and downward rotation of scapula
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Figure 11–14a
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Muscles of the Neck and Back• Levator scapulae (pg 84)▫ O-Transverse process C1-4▫ I-Medial border of scapula from
superior angle to superior portion of spine of scapula
▫ A- Elevation and downward rotation of
scapula Lateral flexion and rotation of head to the
same side
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Figure 11–13a
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso• Serratus anterior (pg
86)▫ O-External surface of
ribs 1-8 or 9▫ I-Anterior surface of
vertebral border of scapula
▫ A- Abduction (protraction), upward rotation and depression of scapula; hold medial border of scapula against rib cage.
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Figure 11–13b
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso• Pectoralis major (pg
89)▫ O- medial half of
clavicle; Sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-6
▫ I-Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
▫ A-Adduction, medial rotation, flexion, horizontal adduction, and extension of shoulder
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Figure 11–13b
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso• Pectoralis minor (pg
92)▫ O- Ribs 3-5▫ I-Medial surface of
coracoid process of scapula
▫ A-Depression, abduction (protraction), downward rotation of scapula
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Figure 11–13b
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso• Subclavius (pg 94)
▫ O-Rib 1 and costal cartilage
▫ I-Inferior shaft of clavicle, middle 1/3
▫ A-Depresses clavicle, stabilizes sternoclaviclar joint
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Figure 11–13b
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Muscles of the Upper Extremities: Antebrachium - Anterior
• Coracobrachialis (pg 99)▫ O- Coracoid process of
scapula▫ I-Medial surface of
humeral shaft▫ A- Flexion and adduction
of shoulder
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Figure 11–16b