Silver-haired Bat(Lasionycteris noctivagans)
• Vector of cryptic rabies virus
• 1990-2002: ~70% of 33 reported human rabies cases in the US
• Only 2 cases had a history of bat bite
Plant System For High-Yield Production of Recombinant Subunit Vaccines
Safety Cost-efficiency Easy scale-up Proper glycosylation Suitable for developing
countries Possible direct delivery
Vaccine Production in Plants
RABIES VIRUS NEUTRALIZING TITERS OF HUMAN SERA
0100020003000400050006000700080009000
10000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Pre-IPre-BPost-B
CONTROL EXPERIMENTAL
BIOMEDICALS FOR DISEASE PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT EXPRESSED IN PLANTS AT THE BIOTECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION LABORATORIES
DISEASES PLANT VACCINE AntibodySevere AcuteRespiratory Syndrome (SARS)
Anthrax
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Smallpox
Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT)
Rabies
HIV
Avian Influenza
Hepatitis B
Colorectal and Breast Cancer
Tobacco Tomato
Cauliflower
TobaccoTomatoSpinach
TobaccoSwiss Chard
CollardSwiss Chard
CarrotTobacco
SpinachCollardTobacco
Spinach
Barley
LettuceCauliflower
Tobacco
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(recently initiated)
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COMPARATIVE COSTS OF ANTI-RABIES ANTIBODIES
COMPANY PRODUCT PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PRODUCT PRICENAME SOURCE
Bayer BayRab Human human anti-Rabies 1500 iu $1,125.Donors immunoglobulins
Aventis IMOGAM Human anti-Rabies 1500 iu $ 847. Rabies-HT Donors immunoglobulins wholesale (10-18% protein) price
AbCam ab10014 Mouse monoclonal mouse 100 µg $ 250.Cells antibodies
Biotechnology MAb57 Tobacco monoclonal mouse 100 µg $ 0.5 -$1.Foundation, Inc.