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Simulation of thermal impacts induced by fires with a coupling
OpenFOAM-Cast3m
F. Salmon, J-C. Mindeguia, D. Lacanette, C. Sirieix,C. Ferrier, J-C. Leblanc
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30/11/18 2
Purposes of CarMoThaP
Archaeological data
High resolution transmission
microscopy of a soot particle
Simulation of wall temperatures
Database of
microstructure of
fuels
Numerical
simulations of
fires
Database of
microstructure of
thermo-alterations
Purposes
Experimentations
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CarMoThaP – Studied sites
Middle Paleolithic
Fuel: bones (and wood ?)
Speleothems
Painted cave (Aurignacian)
Fuel: scots pine
Thermo-alterations on the
ceiling
Softening of the walls
Habitat
Magdalenian
Fuel: bones (and wood ?)
Painted cave
Magdalenian
and medieval
occupation
Fuel: wood ?
Bruniquel
(Tarn-et-Garonne)
J. Jaubert
Chauvet-Pont d'Arc
(Ardèche)
J-M. Geneste
Enlène (Ariège)
R. Begouën
Comarque
(Dordogne)
O. Fuentes
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Some questions
Chemical reactions
Red (rubification) ~ 250°C
Grey ~ 350°C
Amount of wood
Source of ignition
Method of supply
Number of fires
Colour change Spalling Soot deposit
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Experimentations
Instrumentations
Thermocouples
Anemometers
Sensors of gas concentrations
Weighing scale under the
hearth
Former quarry
Bundled pinus sylvestris
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Thermo-alterations reproduction
Rubification Spalling
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OpenFOAM - FireFOAM
Compressible Navier-Stokes +
Convection-diffusion equations for each chemical specie
+Radiative transfer equation
Solving 1D heat equation at the walls
Cast3m
2D Thermo-mechanical calculation
Geometry & temperatures retrieval
Open source software
Numerical modelling
Geometry mesh
Coupling (Python codes)
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OpenFOAM results
Entrance
40 minutes after the ignition
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Comparison of the results
1/2
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Entrée
Confrontation des résultatsComparison of the results
2/2
Entrance
Numerical rubification
Experimental rubificationRubification
250 °C – 10 min
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Coupling OpenFOAM-Cast3m
1/41st step – Defining the boundary geometry
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Coupling OpenFOAM-Cast3m
2/42nd step – Smoothing
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Right-angle Stress
singularity
Smoothing process
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Coupling OpenFOAM-Cast3m
3/43rd step – Geometry mesh
Mesh performed by GMSH
according to user settings
4th step – Thermal boundary conditions
Boundary line
temperature
Temperature of the
closest OpenFOAM
boundary face⇔
5th step – Writing the .dgibi file
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Coupling OpenFOAM-Cast3m
4/46th step – Run Cast3m
Thermal modelling
• Isotropic
• Thermal properties
depending on temperature
Mechanical modelling
• Isotropic
• Elastic
• Mechanical properties
depending on temperature
7th step – Post processing
• VTK output ParaView
• OpenFOAM and Cast3m simulations
same post-processing
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Cast3m results 1/2
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Cast3m results 2/2𝜎𝑥𝑥(𝑀
𝑃𝑎)
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑚𝑖𝑛)
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑚𝑖𝑛)
𝜎𝑦𝑦(𝑀
𝑃𝑎)
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The Chauvet-Pont d'Arc cave200
m
Ministère de la Culture
DRAC Auvergne – Rhônes-Alpes
Archéotranfert UMS 3657 (P. Mora)30/11/18
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Thermo-alterations in the
Megaloceros gallery
~ 1,50 m
Grey colour
350°C – 10 min
Spalling
Photogrammetry made by Thomas Sagory
Musée d'Archéologie nationale, domaine national de Saint-Germain-en-Laye30/11/18
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Simulation in the Chauvet-Pont
d'Arc cave
~20 kg ≥ 2 fires
~25 kg 1 fire
>30 kg Too much
Hillaire
Chamber
End
Chamber
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Simulation of scenarios
Amount of wood
Source of ignition
Supply method
Number of fires
Conclusion
Function(s) of the fires in the Chauvet-Pont d’Arc cave ?
Conclusion
Application to the Chauvet-
Pont d’Arc fires
Construction of a fluid-structure
coupling
Open-source
3D OpenFOAM 2D Cast3m
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Appendix A
Points acquisitionBased on the
cartesian equation
of the cutting plane
℘ = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐𝑧 + 𝑑
℘ < 0
℘ < 0
℘ > 0
℘ > 0
Issue: all the points
are on the same side
Moving the cutting plane30/11/18
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Appendix B
Process to connect the points
Connection to the closest point
1st case
2nd case
Sequence of steps
Some issues can occur Moving the cutting plane
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