Download - Singapore Grand Prix study- Part one
1Company Proprietary and Confidential
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESMENT OF F1 RACE AT MARINA BAY
Nurul Athirah
Ahmad
Nurul Balqis Jamil
Siti Nasuha Johari
August 16, 2011
PDD1 2011
2Company Proprietary and ConfidentialBrief History of F1
Formula One – “Formula” refers to a set of rules to which all participants
and cars must comply to
In 1930s – Plans for Formula One drivers’ championship discussed
In 1946 – The first Formula One race was held.
By May 1950 – First world championship was held at Silverstone.
3Company Proprietary and ConfidentialHistory of Formula One in Singapore
Singapore Grand Prix went on until
1973.
Stopped after several fatal accidents in 1972
and 1973 races.
Known as Suez Canal Crisis.
28th September 2008 – First country to
host a night-time event in history.
4Company Proprietary and ConfidentialFormula One in Singapore now
In September 2011, held the most recent F1 race scheduled.
Singapore Grand Prix will take place on public roads around Marina Bay
area.
5Company Proprietary and ConfidentialFormula One in Singapore Now
Estimated to be able to accommodate about 80,000 spectators.
Grandstand seating and hospitality areas lined the track.
Permanent pit area built adjacent to the existing Singapore Flyer complex.
Revised route disrupts lesser businesses and is 5.2 kilometers longer.
6Company Proprietary and ConfidentialWhy we chose this topic?
• Concerns – younger audience about the environmental issues
• Future – health of the locals
• Risks – critical to minimal issues
Environmental Impact of F1 race in Marina Bay
7Company Proprietary and Confidential
Background information
• Massive preparation• Funded by government, 60% = $90 million• Pit Building = $33 million• Road works = Approximately $24 million• Road works affecting more than 70% of existing roads.
8Company Proprietary and ConfidentialAdvantages
• Economic– Profits gained– Tourists receipts– 195 million international viewers (1st & 2nd race)– Integrated Resorts
• Job creation– Worked with ITE schools– Temporary jobs
9Company Proprietary and ConfidentialDisadvantages
• Road closures• Business opportunities
– Descending number of visitors
• Lighting
10Company Proprietary and Confidential
Problems faced
• Location• Road works• Lighting• Security
11Company Proprietary and ConfidentialImprovements
• Shorter period of road closures– Reduces 12 hour.
• Engines– Biofuel engines
12Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impact Assessment
• What is Environmental Impact Assessment?
• The EIA Process in Sequence of Application
• Various Methodologies
• Selected Methodology for PDD1
13Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Impact Assessment
Planning Tool Decision Making Impact & Effects
EIA
15Company Proprietary and ConfidentialVarious Methodologies
We look at 6 types of methodologies:
• Ad-hoc
• Checklist
• Matrices
• Networks
• Overlays
16Company Proprietary and Confidential
Selected Methodology for PDD1
Environmental Impacts Air (CO2)Solid waste Noise Dust
Pre - Race * * * **
Actual - Race *** ** *** ***
Post - Race ** *** ** *
The table above shows how we incorporated the matrix methodology into our PDD1:
* Meaning
* Can be avoided
** Not very serious
*** Very serious, actions needed to be taken
17Company Proprietary and ConfidentialMatrices
Matrices links
• Projects activities & checklist of a potential environmentally impacts
• Identify cause & effect relationship
• State the severity of each factor
• List the range of possible actions & characteristics
18Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impacts During Singapore F1 Race
There are 5 impacts that we look into:
• Littering
• Noise
• Carbon Dioxide Emission
• Lighting System Used
19Company Proprietary and Confidential Carbon Dioxide Emission from F1 Cars
An F1 car is able to emit
• 1, 500g of CO2 for every 1km ≈10 times a regular saloon car emission
During the race
• CO2 emitted is close to 10 tonnes (excluding practice session)
F1 cars use gasoline (rich high octane fuel) as a fuel for their engines
• 6 pounds (2.722kg) of gasoline used =20 pounds (9.072kg) of Co2
20Company Proprietary and Confidential
Carbon Dioxide Emission from F1 Cars
Friday 23 September 2011
Practice 1 16:00 - 17:30
Practice 2 20:00 - 21:30
Saturday 24 September 2011
Practice 3 17:00 - 18:00
Qualifying 20.00
Sunday 25 September 2011
Race 20.00
21Company Proprietary and ConfidentialLighting System
22Company Proprietary and Confidential
The lighting system consist of :
• Circuit of 5.067 kilometres
• Power 3,180,000 watt
• Track Projectors 1, 485 @ 2,000 watt each
• Power Generators 12 (twin-power)
• Power Cables 108, 423m
• Overall Luminosity 3000lux levels (4 times brighter than a sports stadium)
Lighting System
23Company Proprietary and ConfidentialLighting System
24Company Proprietary and Confidential
Power generation is one of the main contributions of pollutants
• Sulphur Dioxide
• Nitrogen Oxides
• Mercury
Lighting System
25Company Proprietary and Confidential
Metal Halide Lamp (MHL)
• 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit ≈ Temperature of liquid magma
• The glass shatter when it is exposed to intense heat for very long (can cause injury)
Effect of Lighting System Used
26Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide
By having event such as F1 race:
• Singapore contributes towards anthropogenic CO2 emission
• Sharp increase in anthropogenic CO2 emission
• Natural CO2 cycle will not be balance
27Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide
When there is a rise in CO2:
• More plants are needed to balance up the whole CO2 cycle
HOWEVER
In hot & dry weather
• The plants pores will be closed
• Prevent the loss of water & photorespiration will take place
28Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide
• In which the plants will consume oxygen and carbon dioxide is produced
• CO2 is only responsible for 20 % of the natural greenhouse effect
• 60 % of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect that contributes to current
global warming
29Company Proprietary and Confidential
The damage done to the ear could cause certain situations:
• Piercing to the eardrum• Breaking of the bone• Constant exposure to high intensity sounds leading to noise-induced deafness• Presbycousis- loss of acuity with increasing age.
Human Response
Sensitive10,000 Hz8,000 Hz
2,000 Hz500 Hz0 Hz
F1 cars
Noise Pollution
30Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEFFECTS
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OTHER EFFECTS
Respiratory systemMuscular systemCardiovascular systemNeuroendocrine system
Task interferenceHearing lossSpeech interferenceSleep interferenceAnnoyance
Effects of Noise
31Company Proprietary and Confidential
32Company Proprietary and Confidential
Thank
You !!!!!!!
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