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Sir Issac Newton (1642-1727)
MathematicianPhysicist
AstrologerAlchemist
Knight
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The year is 1642;What can we describe?
Free fall and Projectile Motion
Planetary Orbits
Inclined Planes, Levers, Simple Machines
The Tides
A Few Others (Buoyancy, Optics, etc.)
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What can we fully explain?
Essentially, NOTHING!!
Well, maybe it’s not quite that bad . . .
Two properties: Inertia and acceleration
First attempt: Rene Descartes; had lots of good math, mostly lousy physics
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Newton: the early years
Born on Christmas Eve, father died before birth, Mother moved away, raised by grandparents
Newton tries to run the family farm – inept
Enters Trinity college (Cambridge) in 1661“Work study student” in the mess hall.
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Making his bones: the binomial theorem
Some calculations very hard to do, in particular, division and roots.
Approximation procedure: (1 + x)N ≈ 1 + xN for small N
√(1.02) = (1 + 0.02)0.5 ≈ 1 + .5(.02) = 1.01 calculator says 1.00995
Made him relatively famous
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A great year
1665 Plague hits London; Newton moves to farm for a year and a half. Is bored; invents:
DynamicsCalculusOpticsDiscovers Gravity