Download - Skull, dura & sinuses
Cranial Cavity
By
Dr. Noura El Tahawy
CRANIAL CAVITY
Dura Mater and Dural Folds:
1. Falx cerebri
2. Falx cerebelli
3. Tentorium cerebelli
4. Diaphragma sellae
Dural Venous Sinuses:
1. Single sinuses
2. Paired sinuses
Intra-cranial part of
Cranial Nerves
Hypophysis Cerebri
(pituitary gland)
Intracranial Part of
-Internal Carotid Artery
-Middle Meningeal Artery
Emissary & Diploic Veins
Boney Cranial Cavity
Roof of the cranial cavity.
Anterior cranial fossa.
Middle cranial fossa.
Posterior cranial fossa.
Cranial nerves and foramen of exit
from cranial cavity
Cranial nerves exiting the cranial cavity.
I olfactory cribriform plate of ethmoid
II optic optic foramen
III oculomotor superior orbital fissure
IV trochlear superior orbital fissure
V trigeminal:
V1 ophthalmic division superior orbital fissure
V2 maxillary division foramen rotundum
V3 mandibular division foramen ovale
VI abducens superior orbital fissure
VII facial internal auditory (or acoustic) meatus
VIII vestibulocochlear internal auditory (or acoustic) meatus
IX glossopharyngeal jugular foramen
X vagus jugular foramen
XI spinal accessory foramen magnum and jugular foramen
XII hypoglossal hypoglossal foramen
Cranial nerves and foramen of exit from cranial cavity
1- Olfactory
2- Optic
3- Occulomotor
4- Trochlear6- Abducent
5- Trigeminal
7- Facial
8- Vestibulcochlear
9- Glossopharyngeal
10- Vagus
11- Accessory12- Hypoglossal
Dura& Dural Folds
Cranial cavity
Arrangement of the meninges and spaces.
Dural venous
sinuses.
Parasagittal section of the head showing the disposition of the falx cerebri and
tentorium cerebelli.
The cerebral dura mater, its reflections and major venous sinuses
The cerebral dura mater
section of the head showing the disposition of the falx cerebri, together with some of
the dural venous sinuses and subarachnoid cisterns.
Part of cranial cavity
Dural reflections and venous sinuses. The midbrain
occupies the tentorial notch.
The dura mater of the floor of the cranial cavity and the superior aspect of the tentorium cerebelli.
Representation of the cavernous sinus and its venous relationships are greatly simplified and are
shown on the left only. Note that the trochlear and abducens nerves have not been shown
Tentorium cerebelli
Venous sinuses
on the base of
the skull. The
dura mater has
been removed
on the right
side. The inset
indicates
where grooves
for sinuses are
seen on the dry
skull. Note: On
the left, the
midbrain is
seen at the
level of the
tentorial notch.
On the right, a
lower level
section shows
the trigeminal
nerve attached
to the pons.
Falx Cerebri
Falx Cerebelli
Tentorium
Cerebelli
Trigeminal Ganglion
Cavum Trigeminale
Outer Endosteal
Layer of the Dura
Inner Meningeal
Layer of the Dura
Arterial Supply of Meninges
Middle meningeal artery
Dural arterial supply.
Middle meningeal artery
External carotid artery
Maxillary artery
Superficial Temporal
artery
Lateral Pterygoid
Muscle
Middle meningeal artery
Lateral pterygoid
muscle
Middle meningeal
artery
Auriculotemporal
nerve
Mandibular nerve
and
Otic ganglion
Middle Meningeal Artery
Auricultemporal Nerve
Branches of
Middle Meningeal Artery
Middle meningeal
artery
Pterygomeningeal branch
Termination of
Middle Meningeal Artery
Anterior terminal branch
(Frontal branch)
Posterior terminal branch
(Parietal branch)
Anastomosing branch
Middle meningeal artey
Side view of skull. The circle encloses the pterion.
Inion
Nasion
Midpoint of the zygomatic arch
Frontozygomatic
Suture
1 inch
1.5inch
2 inch
1 inch 1.5inch
2 inch
Innervation of the dura mater
Dural innervation.
Veins, meninges, and dural venous sinuses.
The Diploic Veins
Dural venous sinuses
Dural venous sinuses
� Single
� Superior sagittal S.
� Infreior sagittal S.
� Straight S.
� Intercavernous Ss.
� Basilar venous plexsus
� Occipital S.
� Paired
� Sphenoparietal S.
� Cavernous S.
� Superior petrosal S.
� Inferior petrosal S.
� Transverse S.
� Sigmoid S.
Coronal Section
Endosteal Layer
Meningeal
Layer
Venous
Sinus
Pia
Arachnoid
Subarachnoid Villi
and
GranulationsEmissary Vein
Cerebral Vein
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Straight
Sinus
Occipital Sinus
Intercavernous Sinuses
Basilar Plexus of Sinuses
Single Dural Venous
Sinuses
Sphenoparietal sinus
Cavernous sinus
Superior petrosal
sinus
Transverse sinus
Inferior petrosal
sinus
Sigmoid
sinus
Paired Dural Venous Sinuses
Single Dural Venous Sinuses
Superior Sagittal Sinus
1- Superior Sagittal Sinus
Termination of Superior Sagittal Sinus
Left
Transverse sinusSuperior Sagittal Sinus
Right
Transverse sinus
Straight sinus
Structures that open into the
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Vena Lacunae Lateralis
1- Vena Lacunae Lateralis
Subarachnoid Villi and Granulations
2- Arachnoid Villi and Granulations
Tributaries of the Superior Sagittal Sinus
1- Superior Cerebral Veins
2- Emissary Veins
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Superior
Cerebral Vein
Coronal Section
Endosteal Layer
Meningeal
Layer
Venous
Sinus
Pia
Arachnoid
Subarachnoid Villi
and
GranulationsEmissary Vein
Cerebral Vein
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Great Cerebral Vein
Straight Sinus
2- Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Great Cerebral Vein
Straight Sinus
3- The Straight Sinus
Occipital Dural Venous Sinus
4- The Occipital Sinus
Intercavernous Sinuses
5- Intercavernous Sinuses
Pituitary Gland
Outer Endosteal
Layer of the Dura Inner Meningeal
Layer of the Dura
Diaphragma Sellae
Intercavernous
Dural Sinuses
Basilar Plexus of Sinuses
6- Basilar Plexus of Sinuses
II- Paired Sinuses
Sphenoparietal sinus
Cavernous sinus
Superior petrosal
sinus
Transverse sinus
Inferior petrosal
sinus
Sigmoid
sinus
Sphenoparietal sinus
A tributary from
The anterior division of
The middle meningeal vein
Small dural veins
1- Spenoparietal Sinus
Cavernous sinus
2- Cavernous Sinus
Cavernous Sinuses
Internal carotid Artery
with
Sympathetic Plexus
Abducent Nerve
Occulomotor Nerve
Trochlear Nerve
Ophthalmic Nerve
Maxillary Nerve
Superior Petrosal Sinus
Superior cerebellar veins
Inferior cerebral
veins
Veins from
Tympanic cavity
3- Superior Petrosal
Sinus
Inferior Petrosal Sinus
Labyrinthine veins
Medullary veinsPontine veins
Inferior cerebellar
veins
Basilar plexus of veins
4- Inferior Petrosal
Sinus
The Transverse sinus
The occipital sinus
The superior petrosal
sinus
Inferior cerebral
veinsCereb
ellar veins
Posterior
Temporal
Diploic
Vein
Occipital
Diploic
Vein
5- Transverse Sinus
Sigmoid Sinus
Communication with
Suboccipital plexus of veins
Communication with
Occipital and / or
Posterior auricular veins
Occipital
Sinus
6- Sigmoid Sinus
Intracranial Hemorrahge
�Extradural hemorrahge
� Arterial or venous
� Results from injury to the meningeal arteries or veins
�Subdural hemorrahge
� Venous
� Results from injury to the superficial superior cerebral veins
� Subarachnoid hemorrage
� Results from leakage or rupture
of a congenital aneurysm on the
circle of Willis or angioma
� Cerebral hemorrage
� Results from rupture of one of
the intracerebral thin walled
arteries (lenticulostriate artery)
Thank you