Download - Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association Weather in the Cockpit Workshop 8-10 August 2006 SAMA
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Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association
Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006
SAMA
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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop
Tenny Lindholm
Al YatesAnd a lot of others!
8-10 August 2006
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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006
• Welcome and thanks!• Introduction to UCAR, NCAR and RAL• Workshop materials• Details
– Emergency and safety– Facilities– Security--valuables– Wireless and Internet access– Library, 2nd floor—Internet and limited copying
available– Food and refreshments– Presentation materials for preload
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Define “Weather in the Cockpit”
• “…a system combining and presenting various types of weather information obtained through multiple data-link sources, on-board remote sensors, and in-situ sensors to aid crews with effective flight management”
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FlightInformation
DecisionAids
Processor Presentation
Position
Flight Plan
NavigationInformation
Aircraft Capabilities
User Capabilities
UserInterface
OnboardSensors
WeatherProducts
Ground WxSystem
Wx Report
Data Link
Data Link
Special Use Airspace
Traffic Terrain
Obstacles
Other Aircraft Air-Air
Air-Ground
Ground-Air
Data Link
Satellite Observations
Aviation Weather Information System
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Goals and Objectives
• Gain consensus within and between the user, research, and regulatory communities on– Weather related problems with aircraft– Weather information in the cockpit that is needed to
address these problems– How best to get advanced weather products into the
cockpit/flight deck
• Develop a roadmap of tasks, dates, needed to ensure continued operational approval of weather products
• Plan for future forums as needed
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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006
Program
• Today– Setting the stage—user perspectives and safety– JPDO, NGATS, WxIPT—a primer– FAA Cockpit Weather Vision—how it fits– Advanced aviation weather products– Industry products and issues– Displays and demonstrations/reception
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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006
Program
• Tomorrow– ADS-B– Approval of aviation weather products via operational
suitability testing– International interoperability of data link– User breakouts by class—low-end GA, high-end
unscheduled, high-end scheduled– Groups report to plenary
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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006
Program
• Thursday—wrap-up and catch-up– Identify holes in needs and capabilities– Roadmap– Plan for the future
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Capacity, Efficiency, Safety
• Capt Joe Burns, United Airlines. Director, Flight Standards and Technology
• Capt Terry McVenes, ALPA. Executive Air Safety Chairman
• Mr. Bruce Landsberg. Executive Director, AOPA Air Safety Foundation
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JPDO, WxIPT, and NGATS—a primer
• JPDO, NGATS
• WxIPT Integration Subteam 2012 IOC capabilities– Weather in the cockpit– Ceiling and visibility integration into terminal ATM– Weather information sharing with airline AOCs, shared
situational awareness
• Lead into the next session—what is the driving force?
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JPDO, WxIPT, and NGATS—a primer
• Dr. Bruce Carmichael, Director of Aviation Application Programs, NCAR-RAL
• Mr. Ernie Dash, Raytheon
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FAA’s Vision for Weather in the Cockpit
• Mr. Steve VanTrees, FAA. Manager, Avionics Systems Branch, Aircraft Certification
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Weather Technology and Products
• ADDS. Mr. Greg Thompson
• Turbulence diagnoses and forecasts. Dr. Bob Sharman
• Consolidated summer/winter storm forecasts. Dr. Roy Rasmussen
• Current and forecast icing. Dr. Marcia Politovich
• Ceiling and visibility. Dr. Paul Herzegh
• Oceanic weather, volcanic ash. Cathy Kessinger
• CIP/FIP user forum remarks. Debi Bacon
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Weather in the Cockpit—a sampler
• Dr. Laurence Vigeant-Langlois, WSI
• Capt Bob Smith, Boeing
• Kathleen Kearns, SITA
• Mick Goslin, WxWorx
• Capt Joe Burns, United Airlines
• Steve Young, NASA Langley
• Kevin Kronfeld, Rockwell-Collins
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ADS-B Program
• Mr. Rob Strain, MITRE Corporation, Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD)
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Approving Advanced Aviation Weather Products
• Mr. Robert Ruiz, FAA Flight Standards, Flight Technology Requirements Branch
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Interoperability Initiatives—US and Europe
• Mr. Ernie Dash, Raytheon. RTCA Special Committee 206/ EUROCAE
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Breakout Session
• Low-end general aviation, helicopters—Parts 91/135
• High-end unscheduled—Parts 91/135, DoD, NBAA
• High-end scheduled—Parts 121/135
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Breakout Session
• Issues– Operational problems with weather
– Weather information needed in the cockpit
– Obstacles
– Gaps in the current way of operating—informational and procedural
– Suggested interventions to resolving obstacles and gaps
• Facilitator and scribe for each session– Laptop and powerpoint are needed; rooms have
projectors
• Presentation of results to the plenary later
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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards: Turbulence, Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID
Weather information needed
Update rate Spatial Obstacles Other Comments
Wx re-routes (>100 miles, 4000’ altitude change, ETA>15 minutes)
Current FL Convective WX with 60 min now-cast, winds, turbulence, volcanic ash, cloud tops, (Same info as dispatcher)
Most recent information at decision pt, ie 5 min NEXRAD
“Regional picture”, terrain data, TFR’s, other restricted airspace
Training, band width, ops approval, cockpit workload, consistent user interface (conventions, nomenclature, & displays), common triad data base
Location, Altitude, Movement, Intensity, Size, Predicted location
Route deviations
Current FL Convective WX with 60 min now-cast, winds, turbulence, cloud tops, or other data necessary
Most recent info at decision pt, ie 5 mins NEXRAD
Variable, as required
Training, band width, ops approval, cockpit workload, consistent user interface (conventions, nomenclature, & displays)
Example: turbulence avoidance and/or mitigation. Data is a subset of requirements for re-route
All decisions and/or problems
Ground products versus In-flight products for decision displays. Bandwidth constraints, request/reply vs. broadcast
Need confidence rating or quality rating of information. Certification needs to balance incremental safety improvements with hazard levels
Turbulence mitigation
Location, Altitude, Movement, Intensity, Size, Predicted location
1 minute warning – minimum; (5 minute forecast update rate)
Flight plan Route – 100 miles either side of track, and altitudes 4000 ft above and below
How to fuse observed versus forecast data
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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards: Turbulence, Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID Weather information needed
Update rate Spatial Obstacles Other Comments
Immediate Hazard avoidance and mitigation
Microburst & windshear info; Gust front; Hail; severe icing; Severe Turbulence
Immediate Appropriately sized miss bubble
Detection capability; reaction capability; effective plan
Takeoff Go-No go
Decisions; and Approach go-no go decisions
Terminal WX, and other hazardous phenomena approaching operational limits for suspension of service like icing, visibility, microbursts.
Immediately, under event condidions
Terminal departure areas
Detect, disseminate Adding to the decision making toolbox to aid in making proactive decisions rather than reactive decisions (EFB type of product)
Need to examine a class of data-link that allows the extension of ground sensors to provide immediate hazards warnings (forward field of view, and aural warning – non-EFB)
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Breakout Rooms
• 3131
• 3150
• 2126
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Goals and Objectives
• Gain consensus within and between the user, research, and regulatory communities on– Weather related problems with aircraft– Weather information in the cockpit that is needed to
address these problems– How best to get advanced weather products into the
cockpit/flight deck
• Develop a roadmap of tasks, dates, needed to ensure continued operational approval of weather products
• Plan for future forums as needed
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Implementation Issues
• Use of Airborne Data Sensors
• Development of Weather Products
• Training and Human Factors Considerations
• Integration of Weather Data from Multiple Sources
• Determine What Weather Information is Needed By Each Group of Decision Makers
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Other Issues
• When is a defined weather information product ready for unrestricted operational dissemination and use? How do the regulatory requirements interact with the use of advanced weather products
• What is needed for a source of weather information to be approved for unrestricted operational use?
– Vendor-created weather products, both value-added and created using vendor software
– Is AWTT approval for the algorithm, or the implementation of that algorithm?
– What is needed beyond AWTT D4 (operational) to allow unrestricted use? Actions and/or timeline…
• Process to obtain, verify, grids; produce products uniformly from grids; transmit to data link processor and aircraft; parallel transmission to AOC, ATC
– Merge with ADS-B or other two-way link
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Roadmap Development
• Turbulence
• Icing
• Ceiling and visibility– Terminal– National
• Storms– Winter– Convective
• Oceanic/remote
• ADDS
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Readiness for 2012 IOC
• Events that have to happen
• Times needed for 2012 IOC
• Times needed for quick readiness for NGATS, 2025
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“Enabling WIC”WIC Vision
• Design approval guidance– Weather products, depiction hardware– Weather product software
• Operational approval guidance for new products and non-government vendors
• Training and evaluation criteria
• FAA pilot outreach in data link weather
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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards: Turbulence, Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID
Weather information needed
Update rate Spatial Obstacles Unrestricted operational
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RoadmapAdvanced Weather Products
Events/Dates to complete/Priority/OPR
Turbulence
T=0-?
Icing
T=0-?
Ceiling/vis
Ntl/term
T=0-?
Storms
Winter/conv
T=0-?
Oceanic/VA
T=0-?
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Plans for the Future
• Recurring events to measure and document progress– Workshops? – Held in conjunction with other meetings?– How often?– Other participants?– Other ideas?
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Acknowledgements
• Rhonda
• Rose and her team
• All of you
Thanks!
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Possible Obstacles
• Aircraft equipage
• Access to grids or data
• Certification or approval of product grids
• Certification or approval of vendor or value-added features
• Information content standardization for SSA
• Bandwidth availability
• Other…
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