Download - Snyder-Robinson Syndrome A 46 Year Odyssey
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome A 46 Year Odyssey
Arlington, VA
July 16, 2015
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Clinical Pediatrics 8:669, 1969
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Russell Snyder Arthur Robinson
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1969 - Snyder-Robinson publication
1989 - NIH funding to GGC-Miami for XLID research
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Aarskog S.
Mohr-Tranebjaerg S.
Hydrocephaly-MASA spectrum
Carpenter-Waziri S.
Snyder-Robinson S.
Allan-Herndon S.
Christianson, Angelman-like S.
Renpenning S.
Carpenter S.
Miles-Carpenter S.
Golabi-Ito-Hall S.
Porteous S.
Chudley-Lowry S.
Holmes-Gang S.
XLID-arch fingerprints-hypotonia S.
22.3
22.1
21.1
21.3
13
25
28
11 12
26
27
24
23
22.3
22.2
22.1
21.2
11.4
11.3
11.1
21.1
21.2
21.3
22.2
11.23
11.22
11.21
Lujan S.
Juberg-Marsidi S.
(ATRX)
(HUWE1) (ZC4H2) (PQBP1)
(MCT8) (MED12)
(SMS)
(SLC9A6)
(AP1S2)
(FGDY)
(TIMM8A)
(L1CAM)
(UPF3B)
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XLID-hypogonadism-tremor (CUL4B)
Coffin-Lowry (RPSKA3, RSK2)
Aarskog (FGDY)
Telecanthus-hypospadias (MID1)
Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHA1) Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) Ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency (OTC)
Monoamine oxidase-A deficiency (MAOA) Norrie (NDP)
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher (PLP) Mohr-Tranebjaerg (TIMM8A, DDP)
Lissencephaly, X-linked (DCX)
Lowe (OCRL1) Simpson-Golabi-Behmel (GPC3)
Lesch-Nyhan (HPRT) Fragile XA (FMR1) Mucopolysaccharidosis IIA (IDS)
Myotubular myopathy (MTM1)
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ABCD1)
Hydrocephaly-MASA spectrum (L1CAM)
Rett, PPM-X (MECP2)*
Incontinentia pigmenti (IKBKG, NEMO) Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC1)
-Thalassemia Intellectual Disability XLID-hypotonic facies, Carpenter-Waziri,
Holmes-Gang, Chudley-Lowry, XLID-arch
fingerprints-hypotonia, Smith-Fineman-Myers(?)
(ATRX, XNP,
XH2)
XLID-optic atrophy (AGTR2)
Partington, West, Proud, XLAG (ARX)
Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann (PHF6)
Oral-facial-digital I (OFD1)
Snyder-Robinson (SMS)
XLID-growth hormone deficiency (SOX3)
Periventricular nodular heterotopia, Otopalatodigital I, Otopalatodigital II, Melnick-Needles
(FLNA, FLN1)
Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency (PGK1) Menkes disease (ATP7A)
XLID-infantile seizures, Rett like (CDKL5, STK9) Nance-Horan (NHS)
XLID-cerebellar dysgenesis (OPHN-1)
XIDE (Renin receptor; ATP6AP2)
Autism (NLGN4)
OFCD, Lenz microphthalmia (BCOR)
XLID-choreoathetosis (HADH2)
Stocco dos Santos (SHROOM4, KIAA1202)
XLID-cleft lip/palate (PHF8)
Epilepsy/macrocephaly (SYN1)
Allan-Herndon (SLC16A2, MCT8)
Creatine transporter deficiency (SLC6A8)
Danon cardiomyopathy (LAMP2)
Arts, PRPP synthetase superactivity (PRPS1)
Cornelia de Lange, X-linked (SMC1L1, SMC1A)
Opitz-Kaveggia FG, Lujan (MED12, HOPA)
MIDAS (HCCS) Turner, XLID-hydrocephaly-
basal ganglia calcification
XLID-nail dystrophy-seizures (UBE2A)
XLID-macrocephaly-large ears (BRWD3)
XLID-macrocephaly-Marfanoid habitus (ZDHHC9)
Christianson, Angelman-like (SLC9A6)
FG/Lujan phenotype (UPF3B)
Graham coloboma (IGBP1)
Autism (RPL10)
XLID-short stature-muscle wasting (NXF5)
Cantagrel spastic paraplegia (KIAA2022)
VACTERL-hydrocephalus (FANCB)
Mitochondrial encephalopathy (NDUFA1)
Chiyonobu XLID (GRIA3)
Renpenning, Sutherland-Haan,
Cerebropalatocardiac (Hamel),
Golabi-Ito-Hall, Porteous (PQBP1)
1 3
2 5
2 8
1 1 1 2
2 6
2 7
2 4
2 3
22.3
22.2
22.1
21.3
21.2
21.1
11.4
11.3
11.1
21.1
21.2
21.3
22.1 22.2 22.3
11.23
11.22 11.21
XLID-hyperekplexia-seizures (ARHGEF9)
Goltz (PORCN)
(AP1S2)
Epilepsy-intellectual disability limited to females (PCDH19)
Ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, photophobia (MBTPS2)
Microcephaly-pachygyria-dysmorphism (NSDHL)
XLID-macrocephaly-seizures-autism (RAB39B)
XLID-macrocephaly Juberg-Marsidi-Brooks
(HUWE1)
Chaissaing-Lacombe chondrodysplasia (HDAC6)
Martin-Probst (RAB40AL)
XLID-nystagmus-seizures (CASK)
MEHMO (EIF2S3)
N-Alpha acetyltransferase deficiency (NAA10)
TARP (RBM10)
Wilson-Turner (LAS1L)
Cornelia de Lange, X-linked (HDAC8)
XLID-Rolandic seizures (SRPX2)
XLID-cardiomegaly-seizures (CLIC2)
XLID-microcephaly-seizures (CNKSR2)
XLID-aggression (EBP)
Cardiofacioskeletal (CCDC22)
Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Cowchock variant (AIFM1)
Microcephaly-stereotypies-seizures (IQSEC2)
Wieacker-Wolff,
Miles-Carpenter (ZC4H2)
XLID-microcephaly-dystonia (BCAP31)
X-linked Kabuki (KDM6A)
XLID-iron accumulation (PIGA)
NBIA-XLID (WDR45)
XLID-glycosylation defect (SSR4)
Autism-ID (TMLHE)
XLID-aortic stenosis-hypospadias (ZMYM3)
XLID-coarse facies (RBMX)
XLID-ubiquitin peptidase deficiency (USP27X)
XLID-facial dysmorphism (KLHL15)
XLID-aphasia-seizures (FRMPD4)
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1991 - Visits with Gallagher/Leis/Marchetti Families
1991 Minnesota (MG, DG, CG, JG, MaG, TG, EG, JB, NS)
1991 Rochester (SL)
1992 Denver (JB)
2002 Minnesota (EG, TG, NL, SL, JG, MG, CPG, DG, MaG)
2002 Greenwood (SL, TG)
2009 Greenwood (DM)
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IV V VI
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1996 Mapping of gene - Xp22.11
(Arena et al., AJMG 64:50, 1996)
2003 Identification of gene- SMS
(Cason et al., Eur J Hum Gent 11:937, 2003)
2009 First treatment trial -
(Spermine Supplements)
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Mexico
Canada
Brazil
Belgium
Switzerland
Italy
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
Growth
Birth (usually normal)
Adult height-variable (<3rd >9th centiles)
Adult weight (usually low)
Adult head circumference (usually large)
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
Development
Sit alone (delayed)
Walking alone (3 yr - never)
1st words (8 mo - never)
Phrases/sentences (3 yr - never)
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
Large head
Facial asymmetry
Mid-face flatness
High palate*
Prominent lower lip
Narrow chest
Pectus excavatum (sunken chest)
Kyphosis/scoliosis*
Long thin digits*
Hyperextensible fingers
Craniofacial & Skeletal Manifestations
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Neurological Manifestations
Hypotonia*
Nasal speech*
Unsteady gait
Seizures (none - intractable)
Intellectual disability (none-severe)*
Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
Brain Imaging
Enlarged ventricles
Small/thin corpus callosum
White matter volume loss
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Snyder-Robinson Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
Possible Other Manifestations
Low/high blood sugar
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Heart defect (mild)
Fatty disposition in soft tissues
Osteoporosis*
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